Question 1

Which of the following classifies eukaryotic mRNAs synthesized in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) poly(
A) RNAs 
B) intervening RNA sequences 
C) heterogeneous nuclear RNAs 
D) RNA exons 
A) poly(
A) RNAs 
B) intervening RNA sequences 
C) heterogeneous nuclear RNAs 
D) RNA exons C

Question 2

Which of the following statements correctly identifies type II restriction endonucleases?

Accepted Answer

A) They work on both DNA and RNA. 
B) They recognize a palindromic sequence and cut just before the palindromic sequence. 
C) They degrade DNA by subsequently removing bases from each end. 
D) They cut DNA only at sites in specific nucleotide sequences with a 2-fold axis of symmetry. 
A) They work on both DNA and RNA. 
B) They recognize a palindromic sequence and cut just before the palindromic sequence. 
C) They degrade DNA by subsequently removing bases from each end. 
D) They cut DNA only at sites in specific nucleotide sequences with a 2-fold axis of symmetry. D

Question 3

With which of these ions do nucleotide triphosphates and nucleotide diphosphates often form stable complexes?

Accepted Answer

A) Na⁺ 
B) Fe3⁺ 
C) K⁺ 
D) Mg²⁺ 
A) Na⁺ 
B) Fe3⁺ 
C) K⁺ 
D) Mg²⁺ D

Question 4

Which component of the nucleotide serves as an information symbol,channelling the nucleotide to appropriate metabolic activities such as in phosphoryl group transfer reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) sugar 
B) diphosphate anhydride 
C) sugar-phosphate ester 
D) base 
A) sugar 
B) diphosphate anhydride 
C) sugar-phosphate ester 
D) base

Question 5

Which of these compounds is a 6-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring?

Accepted Answer

A) pyrimidine 
B) purine 
C) anose 
D) ribonucleotide 
A) pyrimidine 
B) purine 
C) anose 
D) ribonucleotide

Question 6

What is the nucleotide sequence of the DNA strand that is complementary to 5'-ATCGCAACTGTCACTA-3'?

Accepted Answer

A) 5'-TAGCGTTGACAGTGAT-3' 
B) 5'-UAGUGACAGUUGCGAU-3' 
C) 5'-TAGTGACAGTTGCGAT-3' 
D) 5'-ATCACTGTCAACGCTA-3' 
A) 5'-TAGCGTTGACAGTGAT-3' 
B) 5'-UAGUGACAGUUGCGAU-3' 
C) 5'-TAGTGACAGTTGCGAT-3' 
D) 5'-ATCACTGTCAACGCTA-3'

Question 7

Which of the following best describes cAMP and cGMP?

Accepted Answer

A) inhibitors 
B) phosphomonoesters 
C) phosphodiesters 
D) nucleosides 
A) inhibitors 
B) phosphomonoesters 
C) phosphodiesters 
D) nucleosides

Question 8

In addition to the nucleus,what eukaryotic cellular structure also contains DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) ribosome 
B) mitochondrion 
C) peroxisome 
D) vacuole 
A) ribosome 
B) mitochondrion 
C) peroxisome 
D) vacuole

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an important characteristic of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) adenine and uracil as a base pair 
B) a 1:1 ratio between pyrimidine residues and purine residues 
C) hydrogen bonding between base pairs 
D) information accessed through transcription of the information into RNA 
A) adenine and uracil as a base pair 
B) a 1:1 ratio between pyrimidine residues and purine residues 
C) hydrogen bonding between base pairs 
D) information accessed through transcription of the information into RNA

Question 10

Which is of the following is NOT correct for purines and pyrimidines?

Accepted Answer

A) They are aliphatic. 
B) They are nitrogenous bases. 
C) They exhibit strong UV absorption. 
D) They are capable of keto-enol tautomerization. 
A) They are aliphatic. 
B) They are nitrogenous bases. 
C) They exhibit strong UV absorption. 
D) They are capable of keto-enol tautomerization.

Question 11

What type of bond links the nitrogenous base to the nucleotide sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) α-anhydride 
B) α-N-amide 
C) β-N-acetyl (glycosidic) 
D) α-N-hemiacetal 
A) α-anhydride 
B) α-N-amide 
C) β-N-acetyl (glycosidic) 
D) α-N-hemiacetal

Question 12

How is a polynucleotide chain read in a nucleic acid structure?

Accepted Answer

A) from the poly(U)head to the poly(
A) tail 
B) from the 3'-end to the 5'-tail 
C) from the 5'-end to the 3'-end 
D) from the poly-p head to the 5'-end 
A) from the poly(U)head to the poly(
A) tail 
B) from the 3'-end to the 5'-tail 
C) from the 5'-end to the 3'-end 
D) from the poly-p head to the 5'-end

Question 13

What is the net charge on nucleotide monophosphates?

Accepted Answer

A) +2 
B) +1 
C) -1 
D) -2 
A) +2 
B) +1 
C) -1 
D) -2

Question 14

Which of the following purine derivatives is NOT found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A) guanine 
B) adenine 
C) xanthine 
D) uric acid 
A) guanine 
B) adenine 
C) xanthine 
D) uric acid

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic for tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) At least 1 unique tRNA species is dedicated to chauffeuring each amino acid to ribosomes for insertion into growing polypeptides. 
B) tRNAs are molecules containing greater than 100 residues. 
C) tRNAs fold into characteristic secondary structures. 
D) tRNAs possess a 3'-terminal nucleotide sequence that reads -CCA. 
A) At least 1 unique tRNA species is dedicated to chauffeuring each amino acid to ribosomes for insertion into growing polypeptides. 
B) tRNAs are molecules containing greater than 100 residues. 
C) tRNAs fold into characteristic secondary structures. 
D) tRNAs possess a 3'-terminal nucleotide sequence that reads -CCA.

Question 16

Which of the following is/are released upon complete hydrolysis of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A) ribose from DNA 
B) amino acids 
C) 2-deoxyribose from RNA 
D) phosphoric acid 
A) ribose from DNA 
B) amino acids 
C) 2-deoxyribose from RNA 
D) phosphoric acid

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an example of nucleotide function?

Accepted Answer

A) TTP in phosphoryl group transfers 
B) CTP in phospholipid synthesis 
C) UTP in complex carbohydrate synthesis 
D) ATP in energy for the cell 
A) TTP in phosphoryl group transfers 
B) CTP in phospholipid synthesis 
C) UTP in complex carbohydrate synthesis 
D) ATP in energy for the cell

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pyrimidines?

Accepted Answer

A) 6-membered ring 
B) heterocyclic 
C) fused 5-membered rings 
D) 2 nitrogens separated by a carbonyl 
A) 6-membered ring 
B) heterocyclic 
C) fused 5-membered rings 
D) 2 nitrogens separated by a carbonyl

Question 19

Which of the following structures does NOT participate in H-bond formation?

Accepted Answer

A) the amino group of cytosine,adenine,and guanine 
B) the ring nitrogens at position 3 of pyrimidines and 1 of purines 
C) the carbon double bonds found in the bases 
D) the carbonyl group at position 4 of uracil and thymine,position 2 of cytosine,and position 6 of guanine 
A) the amino group of cytosine,adenine,and guanine 
B) the ring nitrogens at position 3 of pyrimidines and 1 of purines 
C) the carbon double bonds found in the bases 
D) the carbonyl group at position 4 of uracil and thymine,position 2 of cytosine,and position 6 of guanine

Question 20

Which of these molecules contains an acid anhydride bond?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) DNA 
C) UMP 
D) RNA 
A) ATP 
B) DNA 
C) UMP 
D) RNA

Exam 24: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Which of the following classifies eukaryotic mRNAs synthesized in the nucleus?

Which of the following statements correctly identifies type II restriction endonucleases?

With which of these ions do nucleotide triphosphates and nucleotide diphosphates often form stable complexes?

Which component of the nucleotide serves as an information symbol,channelling the nucleotide to appropriate metabolic activities such as in phosphoryl group transfer reactions?

Which of these compounds is a 6-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring?

What is the nucleotide sequence of the DNA strand that is complementary to 5'-ATCGCAACTGTCACTA-3'?

Which of the following best describes cAMP and cGMP?

In addition to the nucleus,what eukaryotic cellular structure also contains DNA?

Which of the following is NOT an important characteristic of DNA?

Which is of the following is NOT correct for purines and pyrimidines?

What type of bond links the nitrogenous base to the nucleotide sugar?

How is a polynucleotide chain read in a nucleic acid structure?

What is the net charge on nucleotide monophosphates?

Which of the following purine derivatives is NOT found in nucleic acids?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic for tRNA?

Which of the following is/are released upon complete hydrolysis of nucleic acids?

Which of the following is NOT an example of nucleotide function?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pyrimidines?

Which of the following structures does NOT participate in H-bond formation?

Which of these molecules contains an acid anhydride bond?

The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena

Water: the Medium of Life

Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Amino Acids

Proteins: Their Primary Structure and Biological Functions

Proteins: Secondary, tertiary, and Quaternary Structure

Carbohydrates and the Glycoconjugates of Cell Surfaces

Lipids

Lipid Biosynthesis

Membranes and Membrane Transport

The Reception and Transmission of Extracellular Information

Enzymes Kinetics and Specificity

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Enzyme Regulation

Molecular Motors

Nutrition and the Organization of Metabolism

Glycolysis

The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism

Structure of Nucleic Acids

Synthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides

Recombinant Dna: Cloning and Creation of Chimeric Genes

DNA Metabolism: Replication, recombination, and Repair

Transcription and the Regulation of Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis

Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression

Completing the Protein Life Cycle: Folding, processing, and Degradation

Metabolic Integration and Organ Specialization

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