Exam 6: Learning and Behavior Analysis

According to research examining the most effective way to punish children's misbehavior, the concept of "time out" was explored. Researchers found that "time out" was most effective when administered to children between the ages of ____ and ____ years.

According to Skinner, the three-term contingency is composed of a(n)

Research has shown that response rates under ________ schedules show a "scalloped" pattern.

In their use of operant conditioning techniques to train animals from many species to perform various behaviors, the Brelands described instances of animal "misbehavior." They attributed this misbehavior to the

In classical conditioning, nature provides the ________ connection, and conditioning provides the ________ connection.

Imagine that you are observing one of Pavlov's early experiments on classical conditioning. After a dog is placed in a harness, what is most likely to happen?

All of the following are critical elements that define learning EXCEPT for which one?

Why do researchers study an organism's performance if they are really interested in whether the organism has learned?

The parents are trying to get their three-year-old daughter to go to bed without fussing, but sometimes they give in to her tears and let her stay up later. On the basis of the partial reinforcement effect, it can be expected that the child's fussing will

Thorndike's law of effect emphasizes the relationship between

B. F. Skinner formulated the position known as ________ some time after reading Watson's book ________.

A student would like to change his study habits by applying what he knows about reinforcement contingencies to his routines. He has written down the basic rules that he plans to follow. All of the student's rules are correct EXCEPT for which one?

All of the following behaviors are instances of operants EXCEPT for which one?

You read about a program designed to help patients in a psychiatric hospital take better care of themselves and their environment and engage in more positive social interactions. After engaging in specified behaviors, the patients are given plastic chips that can be exchanged later for rewards and privileges. Such systems are technically known as

A student notices that a classmate is praised by the teacher for asking questions in class. The student then begins asking questions also. The student is exhibiting learning through

Classical conditioning is more complex than Pavlov originally realized in that a neutral stimulus will only become an effective CS if it is appropriately

A child was very sick and unable to attend school. While she was ill, she received lots of attention and was excused from her normal responsibilities. Although she no longer has symptoms, the child says she still does not feel well. A behavior analyst would most likely suggest that the child's current behavior is the result of

In classical conditioning, any stimulus that naturally elicits a reflexive behavior is called a(n) ________ stimulus, and the behavior it elicits is called the ________ response.

Conditioning is usually most effective in a ________ paradigm, while conditioning is very poor with a ________ paradigm.

When people take drugs repeatedly in the same setting, the body responds with countermeasures intended to reestablish homeostasis. In the language of classical conditioning, these countermeasures to the drug are the ________ and the setting in which the drug is taken is the ________.