Question 1

Which of the following prenatal screening methods results in an image of the fetus' chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  ultrasound 
B)  amniocentesis 
C)  chorionic villus sampling 
D)  amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling 
A)  ultrasound 
B)  amniocentesis 
C)  chorionic villus sampling 
D)  amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling

Question 2

When genetics play an "evocative" role in development, this means that the child's genetic tendencies

Accepted Answer

A)  constrict a child's range of reaction in a given situation. 
B)  reduce the amount of G x E interaction that takes place. 
C)  increase the likelihood that specific genes will become activated in a child's phenotype. 
D)  bring about certain responses from parents and others. 
A)  constrict a child's range of reaction in a given situation. 
B)  reduce the amount of G x E interaction that takes place. 
C)  increase the likelihood that specific genes will become activated in a child's phenotype. 
D)  bring about certain responses from parents and others.

Question 3

Strands of deoxyribonucleic acid molecules that contain the genetic codes are called

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  RNA. 
D)  genes. 
A)  chromosomes. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  RNA. 
D)  genes.

Question 4

Females can only pass ________ to their eggs.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Y chromosome 
B)  the X chromosome 
C)  two X chromosomes 
D)  no sex chromosomes 
A)  the Y chromosome 
B)  the X chromosome 
C)  two X chromosomes 
D)  no sex chromosomes

Question 5

Heritability estimates can range from:

Accepted Answer

A)  -1.0 to +1.0. 
B)  -1.0 to 0. 
C)  0 to +1.0. 
D)  0 to +2.0. 
A)  -1.0 to +1.0. 
B)  -1.0 to 0. 
C)  0 to +1.0. 
D)  0 to +2.0.

Question 6

Which of the following concepts may explain how the relative influence of genetics on cognitive skills appears to become stronger the older a person gets?

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant-recessive relationship 
B)  niche-picking 
C)  shared environment 
D)  epigenesis 
A)  dominant-recessive relationship 
B)  niche-picking 
C)  shared environment 
D)  epigenesis

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a recessive X-linked trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  retinitis pigmentosa 
B)  rickets 
C)  Rett syndrome 
D)  fragile X syndrome 
A)  retinitis pigmentosa 
B)  rickets 
C)  Rett syndrome 
D)  fragile X syndrome

Question 8

Shared environment means

Accepted Answer

A)  the degree of genetic influence on a given trait. 
B)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals. 
C)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals who are living together. 
D)  experiences of the environment that differ across people. 
A)  the degree of genetic influence on a given trait. 
B)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals. 
C)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals who are living together. 
D)  experiences of the environment that differ across people.

Question 9

Half-identical twins are also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  fraternal twins. 
B)  polar body twins. 
C)  identical twins. 
D)  nonidentical. 
A)  fraternal twins. 
B)  polar body twins. 
C)  identical twins. 
D)  nonidentical.

Question 10

A heritability estimate of 0 means that variation in the trait being measured

Accepted Answer

A)  is determined by the genes. 
B)  can be attributed to differences in the environment. 
C)  cannot be reliably estimated. 
D)  can be explained by genetic variation in the population. 
A)  is determined by the genes. 
B)  can be attributed to differences in the environment. 
C)  cannot be reliably estimated. 
D)  can be explained by genetic variation in the population.

Question 11

Both of Madeline's parents have detached earlobes. The chance that she will develop the same trait is between

Accepted Answer

A)  50% and 100%. 
B)  25% and 100%. 
C)  75% and 100%. 
D)  The answer cannot be determined. 
A)  50% and 100%. 
B)  25% and 100%. 
C)  75% and 100%. 
D)  The answer cannot be determined.

Question 12

According to Gilbert Gottlieb's concept of experiential canalization, ___________ provides a wide range of developmental outcomes, while ___________ plays the limiting role.

Accepted Answer

A)  meiosis; mitosis 
B)  nurture; nature 
C)  genetics; the environment 
D)  genotype; phenotype 
A)  meiosis; mitosis 
B)  nurture; nature 
C)  genetics; the environment 
D)  genotype; phenotype

Question 13

The ________ refers to the ways in which nature combines with nurture to produce a given outcome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ refers to the ways in...

Question 14

Mitosis is the type of cell division used to create gametes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Until about one year of age, infants respond similarly to the basic sounds used in all languages. After that, they can detect subtle differences in language sounds only in their native language. Which of the following theories best supports this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  canalization 
B)  experiential canalization 
C)  genetic determinism 
D)  probabilistic epigenesis 
A)  canalization 
B)  experiential canalization 
C)  genetic determinism 
D)  probabilistic epigenesis

Question 16

After fertilization occurs, cell division takes place according to the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  probabilistic epigenesis. 
B)  canalization. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
A)  probabilistic epigenesis. 
B)  canalization. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis.

Question 17

Research on alternative techniques for conception

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates an increased risk for autism. 
B)  does not indicate any particular developmental problems. 
C)  has revealed a delay in language development. 
D)  suggests higher rates of Down syndrome. 
A)  indicates an increased risk for autism. 
B)  does not indicate any particular developmental problems. 
C)  has revealed a delay in language development. 
D)  suggests higher rates of Down syndrome.

Question 18

Fragile X syndrome is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  the loss of an X chromosome during meiosis. 
B)  a disease allele on one X chromosome causing the other X chromosome to become weak. 
C)  the X chromosome (for girls) being weaker than the Y chromosome (for boys). 
D)  the X chromosome being weakened at the tip. 
A)  the loss of an X chromosome during meiosis. 
B)  a disease allele on one X chromosome causing the other X chromosome to become weak. 
C)  the X chromosome (for girls) being weaker than the Y chromosome (for boys). 
D)  the X chromosome being weakened at the tip.

Question 19

Heritability means

Accepted Answer

A)  the degree of genetic influence on a given trait. 
B)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals. 
C)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals who are living together. 
D)  experiences of the environment that differ across people. 
A)  the degree of genetic influence on a given trait. 
B)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals. 
C)  experiences of the environment that are common to all individuals who are living together. 
D)  experiences of the environment that differ across people.

Question 20

The higher the value of a heritability estimate is, the stronger the environmental influence on that trait or behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following prenatal screening methods results in an image of the fetus' chromosomes?

When genetics play an "evocative" role in development, this means that the child's genetic tendencies

Strands of deoxyribonucleic acid molecules that contain the genetic codes are called

Females can only pass ________ to their eggs.

Heritability estimates can range from:

Which of the following concepts may explain how the relative influence of genetics on cognitive skills appears to become stronger the older a person gets?

Which of the following is an example of a recessive X-linked trait?

Shared environment means

Half-identical twins are also known as

A heritability estimate of 0 means that variation in the trait being measured

Both of Madeline's parents have detached earlobes. The chance that she will develop the same trait is between

According to Gilbert Gottlieb's concept of experiential canalization, _ provides a wide range of developmental outcomes, while _ plays the limiting role.

The ________ refers to the ways in which nature combines with nurture to produce a given outcome.

Mitosis is the type of cell division used to create gametes.

Until about one year of age, infants respond similarly to the basic sounds used in all languages. After that, they can detect subtle differences in language sounds only in their native language. Which of the following theories best supports this phenomenon?

After fertilization occurs, cell division takes place according to the process of

Research on alternative techniques for conception

Fragile X syndrome is caused by

Heritability means

The higher the value of a heritability estimate is, the stronger the environmental influence on that trait or behavior.

Exploring Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Socioemotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescenc

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Exam 2: Heredity and the Environment

Which of the following prenatal screening methods results in an image of the fetus' chromosomes?

When genetics play an "evocative" role in development, this means that the child's genetic tendencies

Strands of deoxyribonucleic acid molecules that contain the genetic codes are called

Females can only pass ________ to their eggs.

Heritability estimates can range from:

Which of the following concepts may explain how the relative influence of genetics on cognitive skills appears to become stronger the older a person gets?

Which of the following is an example of a recessive X-linked trait?

Shared environment means

Half-identical twins are also known as

A heritability estimate of 0 means that variation in the trait being measured

Both of Madeline's parents have detached earlobes. The chance that she will develop the same trait is between

According to Gilbert Gottlieb's concept of experiential canalization, ___________ provides a wide range of developmental outcomes, while ___________ plays the limiting role.

The ________ refers to the ways in which nature combines with nurture to produce a given outcome.

Mitosis is the type of cell division used to create gametes.

Until about one year of age, infants respond similarly to the basic sounds used in all languages. After that, they can detect subtle differences in language sounds only in their native language. Which of the following theories best supports this phenomenon?

After fertilization occurs, cell division takes place according to the process of

Research on alternative techniques for conception

Fragile X syndrome is caused by

Heritability means

The higher the value of a heritability estimate is, the stronger the environmental influence on that trait or behavior.

Exploring Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Socioemotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescenc

Filters

According to Gilbert Gottlieb's concept of experiential canalization, _ provides a wide range of developmental outcomes, while _ plays the limiting role.