Question 1

What problem is associated with nasal flaring?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypoxemia 
B) Increased lung compliance 
C) Increased work of breathing 
D) Increased dead space ventilation 
A) Hypoxemia 
B) Increased lung compliance 
C) Increased work of breathing 
D) Increased dead space ventilation

Question 2

Which of the following will cause a decrease in vocal fremitus upon palpation?

Accepted Answer

A) Atelectasis 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Lung tumor 
D) Pneumothorax 
A) Atelectasis 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Lung tumor 
D) Pneumothorax

Question 3

Which of the following terms applies to an abnormal increase in vocal resonance?

Accepted Answer

A) Fremitus 
B) Egophony 
C) Bronchophony 
D) None of the above 
A) Fremitus 
B) Egophony 
C) Bronchophony 
D) None of the above

Question 4

Retractions and bulging are observed:

Accepted Answer

A) when the work of breathing is very high. 
B) during heavy exercise. 
C) only in newborns and children. 
D) primarily in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. 
A) when the work of breathing is very high. 
B) during heavy exercise. 
C) only in newborns and children. 
D) primarily in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

Question 5

Which of the following terms is used to describe double vision?

Accepted Answer

A) Miosis 
B) Diplopia 
C) Nystagmus 
D) None of the above 
A) Miosis 
B) Diplopia 
C) Nystagmus 
D) None of the above

Question 6

Which of the following terms best describes continuous types of adventitious lung sounds?

Accepted Answer

A) Rhonchi 
B) Stridor 
C) Wheezes 
D) Sibilant rales 
A) Rhonchi 
B) Stridor 
C) Wheezes 
D) Sibilant rales

Question 7

Which of the following clinical disorders is characterized by the point of maximal impulse being felt in the epigastric area?

Accepted Answer

A) Atelectasis 
B) Emphysema 
C) Pneumothorax 
D) Chronic bronchitis 
A) Atelectasis 
B) Emphysema 
C) Pneumothorax 
D) Chronic bronchitis

Question 8

Which of the following is not associated with dilated and unresponsive pupils?

Accepted Answer

A) Opiates 
B) Atropine 
C) Brain death 
D) Catecholamines 
A) Opiates 
B) Atropine 
C) Brain death 
D) Catecholamines

Question 9

At what angle should the head of the bed be elevated to assess jugular vein pressure (JVP)?

Accepted Answer

A) 15 degrees 
B) 30 degrees 
C) 45 degrees 
D) 90 degrees 
A) 15 degrees 
B) 30 degrees 
C) 45 degrees 
D) 90 degrees

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to cause tracheal deviation?

Accepted Answer

A) Left upper lobe pneumonia 
B) Right upper lobe pneumothorax 
C) Left lower lobe pleural effusion 
D) Right lower lobe pleural effusion 
A) Left upper lobe pneumonia 
B) Right upper lobe pneumothorax 
C) Left lower lobe pleural effusion 
D) Right lower lobe pleural effusion

Question 11

All of the following are characteristics of breath sounds that should be evaluated whenever chest auscultation is performed except:

Accepted Answer

A) the breath rate. 
B) the pitch (vibration frequency). 
C) the amplitude or intensity (loudness). 
D) the duration of inspiration versus expiration. 
A) the breath rate. 
B) the pitch (vibration frequency). 
C) the amplitude or intensity (loudness). 
D) the duration of inspiration versus expiration.

Question 12

Which of the following terms describes the sinking inward of the skin overlying the rib cage with each inspiratory effort?

Accepted Answer

A) Ataxia 
B) Bulging 
C) Retractions 
D) Mydriasis 
A) Ataxia 
B) Bulging 
C) Retractions 
D) Mydriasis

Question 13

Which of the following characteristics does not apply to normal tracheal breath sounds?

Accepted Answer

A) Loud 
B) Low pitched 
C) High pitched 
D) Fairly equal inspiratory and expiratory components 
A) Loud 
B) Low pitched 
C) High pitched 
D) Fairly equal inspiratory and expiratory components

Question 14

What may cause the point of maximal impulse to shift to the anterior axillary region on the left?

Accepted Answer

A) A tension pneumothorax on the right 
B) Right ventricular hypertrophy 
C) Cor pulmonale 
D) Pericarditis 
A) A tension pneumothorax on the right 
B) Right ventricular hypertrophy 
C) Cor pulmonale 
D) Pericarditis

Question 15

Which of the following findings is consistent with reduced perfusion?

Accepted Answer

A) Peripheral cyanosis 
B) Hepatomegaly 
C) Loud P2 sound 
D) Jugular vein distention (JV
D)  
A) Peripheral cyanosis 
B) Hepatomegaly 
C) Loud P2 sound 
D) Jugular vein distention (JV
D)

Question 16

Which of the following techniques is most useful for application of the bell portion of the stethoscope?

Accepted Answer

A) Press it lightly against the chest wall. 
B) Press it firmly against the chest wall. 
C) Hold it about 1 cm from the chest wall. 
D) Slide it gently in a circular motion on the chest wall. 
A) Press it lightly against the chest wall. 
B) Press it firmly against the chest wall. 
C) Hold it about 1 cm from the chest wall. 
D) Slide it gently in a circular motion on the chest wall.

Question 17

Which of the following descriptions does not apply to normal vesicular breath sounds?

Accepted Answer

A) Soft with low intensity 
B) Minimal expiratory component 
C) Heard primarily over the lung parenchyma 
D) High pitched as compared with tracheal breath sounds 
A) Soft with low intensity 
B) Minimal expiratory component 
C) Heard primarily over the lung parenchyma 
D) High pitched as compared with tracheal breath sounds

Question 18

What clinical problem is associated with a gallop rhythm?

Accepted Answer

A) Left-to-right shunt 
B) Myocardial infarction sequelae 
C) Overdistention of the ventricles 
D) All of the above 
A) Left-to-right shunt 
B) Myocardial infarction sequelae 
C) Overdistention of the ventricles 
D) All of the above

Question 19

What change in the heart sounds is associated with cor pulmonale?

Accepted Answer

A) Loud A2 
B) Loud M1 
C) Loud T2 
D) Loud P2 
A) Loud A2 
B) Loud M1 
C) Loud T2 
D) Loud P2

Question 20

What is the normal distance that the liver spans in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?

Accepted Answer

A) 6 cm 
B) 8 cm 
C) 10 cm 
D) 14 cm 
A) 6 cm 
B) 8 cm 
C) 10 cm 
D) 14 cm

Exam 5: Fundamentals of Physical Examination

What problem is associated with nasal flaring?

Which of the following will cause a decrease in vocal fremitus upon palpation?

Which of the following terms applies to an abnormal increase in vocal resonance?

Retractions and bulging are observed:

Which of the following terms is used to describe double vision?

Which of the following terms best describes continuous types of adventitious lung sounds?

Which of the following clinical disorders is characterized by the point of maximal impulse being felt in the epigastric area?

Which of the following is not associated with dilated and unresponsive pupils?

At what angle should the head of the bed be elevated to assess jugular vein pressure (JVP)?

Which of the following is most likely to cause tracheal deviation?

All of the following are characteristics of breath sounds that should be evaluated whenever chest auscultation is performed except:

Which of the following terms describes the sinking inward of the skin overlying the rib cage with each inspiratory effort?

Which of the following characteristics does not apply to normal tracheal breath sounds?

What may cause the point of maximal impulse to shift to the anterior axillary region on the left?

Which of the following findings is consistent with reduced perfusion?

Which of the following techniques is most useful for application of the bell portion of the stethoscope?

Which of the following descriptions does not apply to normal vesicular breath sounds?

What clinical problem is associated with a gallop rhythm?

What change in the heart sounds is associated with cor pulmonale?

What is the normal distance that the liver spans in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?

Preparing for the Patient Encounter

The Medical History and the Interview

Cardiopulmonary Symptoms

Vital Signs

Neurologic Assessment

Clinical Laboratory Studies

Interpretation of Blood Gases

Pulmonary Function Testing

Chest Imaging

Interpretation of Electrocardiogram Tracings

Neonatal and Pediatric Assessment

Older Patient Assessment

Respiratory Monitoring in Critical Care

Vascular Pressure Monitoring

Cardiac Output Measurement

Bronchoscopy

Nutrition Assessment

Sleep and Breathing Assessment

Home Care Patient Assessment

Documentation

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