Question 1

If, upon assessment, the Mallampati score is class 4, the patient would be at high risk for which type of SDB?

Accepted Answer

A) CSA 
B) OSA 
C) Mixed sleep apnea (MS
A)  
D) SIDS 
A) CSA 
B) OSA 
C) Mixed sleep apnea (MS
A)  
D) SIDS B

Question 2

Which of the following are considered symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
1)Morning headaches
2)Memory loss
3)Hyperactive behavior
4)Difficulty swallowing

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, 3 
B) 2, 4 
C) 1, 3 
D) 1, 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 2, 3 
B) 2, 4 
C) 1, 3 
D) 1, 2, 3, 4 A

Question 3

With what pattern of SDB is SIDS thought to be associated?

Accepted Answer

A) CSA 
B) OSA 
C) MSA 
D) RERA 
A) CSA 
B) OSA 
C) MSA 
D) RERA A

Question 4

What is the peak age of incidence for SIDS?

Accepted Answer

A) Birth to 1 month 
B) 2 to 4 months 
C) 4 to 8 months 
D) 8 months to 1 year 
A) Birth to 1 month 
B) 2 to 4 months 
C) 4 to 8 months 
D) 8 months to 1 year

Question 5

Which of the following will assist the RT in predicting sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
B) Berlin Questionnaire 
C) Inspection of the chest 
D) Electrocardiogram (ECG) 
A) Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
B) Berlin Questionnaire 
C) Inspection of the chest 
D) Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 6

Which of the following diagnostically defines the presence of moderate sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) AHI of 3 
B) AHI of 12 
C) AHI of 32 
D) AHI of 44 
A) AHI of 3 
B) AHI of 12 
C) AHI of 32 
D) AHI of 44

Question 7

To meet the definitive criteria for sleep apnea, how many seconds of air flow cessation during sleep must be documented?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 seconds 
B) 6 seconds 
C) 8 seconds 
D) 10 seconds 
A) 4 seconds 
B) 6 seconds 
C) 8 seconds 
D) 10 seconds

Question 8

Which of the following would not be part of the montage monitored during a polysomnogram study (PSG)?

Accepted Answer

A) SpO₂ 
B) ECG 
C) EEG 
D) EMG of right and left arm 
A) SpO₂ 
B) ECG 
C) EEG 
D) EMG of right and left arm

Question 9

How would you diagnose central sleep apnea (CSA)?

Accepted Answer

A) Obesity 
B) Patient complains of EDS 
C) Excessive snoring 
D) 10-second apnea without respiratory effort during sleep 
A) Obesity 
B) Patient complains of EDS 
C) Excessive snoring 
D) 10-second apnea without respiratory effort during sleep

Question 10

What is the first sign of SDB?

Accepted Answer

A) Snoring 
B) Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) 
C) Hypercarbia 
D) Cyanosis 
A) Snoring 
B) Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) 
C) Hypercarbia 
D) Cyanosis

Question 11

What occurs during REM that results in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypotension 
B) Rise in heart rate 
C) Fall in respiratory rate 
D) Upper airway narrowing 
A) Hypotension 
B) Rise in heart rate 
C) Fall in respiratory rate 
D) Upper airway narrowing

Question 12

Which phase of sleep is characterized by delta or slow waves?

Accepted Answer

A) Stage 1 NREM 
B) Stage 2 NREM 
C) Stage 3 NREM 
D) REM 
A) Stage 1 NREM 
B) Stage 2 NREM 
C) Stage 3 NREM 
D) REM

Question 13

In which stage of sleep does the brain show electrical activity similar to wakefulness on EEG tracings?

Accepted Answer

A) Stage 1 NREM 
B) Stage 2 NREM 
C) Stage 3 NREM 
D) REM 
A) Stage 1 NREM 
B) Stage 2 NREM 
C) Stage 3 NREM 
D) REM

Question 14

What stage of sleep is characterized by large eye rolls and low-amplitude waves on EEG recordings?

Accepted Answer

A) REM 
B) NREM stage 1 
C) NREM stage 2 
D) NREM stage 3 
A) REM 
B) NREM stage 1 
C) NREM stage 2 
D) NREM stage 3

Question 15

Which of the following would be most suggestive of a patient who is liable to have SDB?

Accepted Answer

A) One with a smoking history 
B) An obese patient 
C) A very tall and thin patient 
D) A patient with a history of hypertension 
A) One with a smoking history 
B) An obese patient 
C) A very tall and thin patient 
D) A patient with a history of hypertension

Question 16

A reduction in air flow of between 4% and 50% of baseline air flow for at least 10 seconds during sleep defines which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Apnea 
B) Respiratory effort-related arousal (RER
A)  
C) Arousal 
D) Hypopnea 
A) Apnea 
B) Respiratory effort-related arousal (RER
A)  
C) Arousal 
D) Hypopnea

Question 17

A patient has an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 15.What would this be considered?

Accepted Answer

A) Normal 
B) Mild sleep apnea 
C) Moderate sleep apnea 
D) Severe sleep apnea 
A) Normal 
B) Mild sleep apnea 
C) Moderate sleep apnea 
D) Severe sleep apnea

Question 18

A patient comment regarding the lack of dreaming could mean that the patient is not spending a significant period of sleep in which stage?

Accepted Answer

A) Stage 1 NREM 
B) Stage 2 NREM 
C) Stage 3 NREM 
D) REM 
A) Stage 1 NREM 
B) Stage 2 NREM 
C) Stage 3 NREM 
D) REM

Question 19

What is the most common complaint of patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) Snoring 
B) Headache 
C) Bedwetting 
D) EDS 
A) Snoring 
B) Headache 
C) Bedwetting 
D) EDS

Question 20

What test is used to diagnose sleep disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) Overnight oximetry 
B) Polysomnography 
C) Electroencephalogram (EEG) 
D) Leg twitch study 
A) Overnight oximetry 
B) Polysomnography 
C) Electroencephalogram (EEG) 
D) Leg twitch study

Exam 19: Sleep and Breathing Assessment

If, upon assessment, the Mallampati score is class 4, the patient would be at high risk for which type of SDB?

Which of the following are considered symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)? 1)Morning headaches 2)Memory loss 3)Hyperactive behavior 4)Difficulty swallowing

With what pattern of SDB is SIDS thought to be associated?

What is the peak age of incidence for SIDS?

Which of the following will assist the RT in predicting sleep apnea?

Which of the following diagnostically defines the presence of moderate sleep apnea?

To meet the definitive criteria for sleep apnea, how many seconds of air flow cessation during sleep must be documented?

Which of the following would not be part of the montage monitored during a polysomnogram study (PSG)?

How would you diagnose central sleep apnea (CSA)?

What is the first sign of SDB?

What occurs during REM that results in sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)?

Which phase of sleep is characterized by delta or slow waves?

In which stage of sleep does the brain show electrical activity similar to wakefulness on EEG tracings?

What stage of sleep is characterized by large eye rolls and low-amplitude waves on EEG recordings?

Which of the following would be most suggestive of a patient who is liable to have SDB?

A reduction in air flow of between 4% and 50% of baseline air flow for at least 10 seconds during sleep defines which of the following?

A patient has an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 15.What would this be considered?

A patient comment regarding the lack of dreaming could mean that the patient is not spending a significant period of sleep in which stage?

What is the most common complaint of patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

What test is used to diagnose sleep disorders?

Preparing for the Patient Encounter

The Medical History and the Interview

Cardiopulmonary Symptoms

Vital Signs

Fundamentals of Physical Examination

Neurologic Assessment

Clinical Laboratory Studies

Interpretation of Blood Gases

Pulmonary Function Testing

Chest Imaging

Interpretation of Electrocardiogram Tracings

Neonatal and Pediatric Assessment

Older Patient Assessment

Respiratory Monitoring in Critical Care

Vascular Pressure Monitoring

Cardiac Output Measurement

Bronchoscopy

Nutrition Assessment

Home Care Patient Assessment

Documentation

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