Question 1

A drug that increases the contractility of the heart is known as a positive:

Accepted Answer

A) inotrope. 
B) dromotrope. 
C) chromotrope. 
D) vasoconstrictor. 
A) inotrope. 
B) dromotrope. 
C) chromotrope. 
D) vasoconstrictor.

Question 2

Which of the following is not used in continuous cardiac output monitoring?

Accepted Answer

A) Echocardiography 
B) Doppler ultrasound 
C) Pulse contour cardiac output monitoring 
D) Thermal dilution 
A) Echocardiography 
B) Doppler ultrasound 
C) Pulse contour cardiac output monitoring 
D) Thermal dilution

Question 3

What method of measuring cardiac output is most popular in intensive care units (ICUs) around the country?

Accepted Answer

A) Thermodilution 
B) Fick method 
C) Pulse contour method 
D) Intravascular ultrasound 
A) Thermodilution 
B) Fick method 
C) Pulse contour method 
D) Intravascular ultrasound

Question 4

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle in 1 minute is the definition of:

Accepted Answer

A) afterload. 
B) cardiac output. 
C) stroke volume. 
D) ejection fraction. 
A) afterload. 
B) cardiac output. 
C) stroke volume. 
D) ejection fraction.

Question 5

The strength of contraction of the myocardial muscle fibers is related directly to the amount of stretch on the fiber before contraction is a definition of:

Accepted Answer

A) preload. 
B) Starling law. 
C) cardiac contractility. 
D) ventricular compliance. 
A) preload. 
B) Starling law. 
C) cardiac contractility. 
D) ventricular compliance.

Question 6

In patients with pulmonary hypertension, the right ventricular stroke work index will be:

Accepted Answer

A) less than normal. 
B) the same as normal. 
C) greater than normal. 
D) equal to the left ventricular stroke work index. 
A) less than normal. 
B) the same as normal. 
C) greater than normal. 
D) equal to the left ventricular stroke work index.

Question 7

Intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has what effect on afterload?

Accepted Answer

A) No effect 
B) A dampening effect 
C) An enhancing effect 
D) An unknown effect 
A) No effect 
B) A dampening effect 
C) An enhancing effect 
D) An unknown effect

Question 8

All of the following can be used to assess cardiac output noninvasively except:

Accepted Answer

A) the pulse pressure. 
B) echocardiography. 
C) Doppler ultrasound. 
D) transthoracic electrical bioimpedance. 
A) the pulse pressure. 
B) echocardiography. 
C) Doppler ultrasound. 
D) transthoracic electrical bioimpedance.

Question 9

At rest, approximately what percentage of total blood volume is stored in the venous system?

Accepted Answer

A) 16% 
B) 32% 
C) 48% 
D) 64% 
A) 16% 
B) 32% 
C) 48% 
D) 64%

Question 10

Bradycardia in an adult is defined as a heart rate less than _____ beats/min.

Accepted Answer

A) 50 
B) 60 
C) 100 
D) 120 
A) 50 
B) 60 
C) 100 
D) 120

Question 11

All of the following may cause a decrease in ventricular compliance except:

Accepted Answer

A) inotropic drugs. 
B) vasodilator drugs. 
C) myocardial infarction. 
D) positive end-expiratory pressure. 
A) inotropic drugs. 
B) vasodilator drugs. 
C) myocardial infarction. 
D) positive end-expiratory pressure.

Question 12

IPPB with PEEP has what effect on preload?

Accepted Answer

A) No effect 
B) A dampening effect 
C) An enhancing effect 
D) An unknown effect 
A) No effect 
B) A dampening effect 
C) An enhancing effect 
D) An unknown effect

Question 13

Which of the following does not have a direct effect on stroke volume?

Accepted Answer

A) Preload 
B) Heart rate 
C) Afterload 
D) Contractility 
A) Preload 
B) Heart rate 
C) Afterload 
D) Contractility

Question 14

Tachycardia in an adult is defined as a heart rate greater than _____ beats/min.

Accepted Answer

A) 50 
B) 60 
C) 100 
D) 120 
A) 50 
B) 60 
C) 100 
D) 120

Question 15

To standardize the measurement of cardiac output in individuals of different sizes, the value for cardiac output is divided by the person's body surface area.The result is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac work. 
B) the cardiac index. 
C) the standardized cardiac output. 
D) the cardiac end-systolic volume. 
A) cardiac work. 
B) the cardiac index. 
C) the standardized cardiac output. 
D) the cardiac end-systolic volume.

Question 16

The filling pressure of the right heart also is known as the _____ pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) Starling 
B) central venous 
C) ventricular filling 
D) pulmonary capillary wedge 
A) Starling 
B) central venous 
C) ventricular filling 
D) pulmonary capillary wedge

Question 17

The cardiac output of the right ventricle is the same as the cardiac output of the left ventricle.Compared with the left ventricle, the cardiac work index of the right ventricle is:

Accepted Answer

A) less. 
B) the same. 
C) somewhat greater. 
D) much greater. 
A) less. 
B) the same. 
C) somewhat greater. 
D) much greater.

Question 18

The normal ejection fraction is approximately:

Accepted Answer

A) less than 50%. 
B) 55% to 60%. 
C) 65% to 70%. 
D) 75% to 80%. 
A) less than 50%. 
B) 55% to 60%. 
C) 65% to 70%. 
D) 75% to 80%.

Question 19

To obtain the coronary perfusion pressure, what two values are needed?

Accepted Answer

A) Afterload and preload 
B) Ejection fraction and heart rate 
C) Mean arterial pressure and afterload 
D) Diastolic blood pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 
A) Afterload and preload 
B) Ejection fraction and heart rate 
C) Mean arterial pressure and afterload 
D) Diastolic blood pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

Question 20

The filling pressure of the left heart also is known as the _____ pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) Starling 
B) central venous 
C) ventricular filling 
D) pulmonary capillary wedge 
A) Starling 
B) central venous 
C) ventricular filling 
D) pulmonary capillary wedge

Exam 16: Cardiac Output Measurement

A drug that increases the contractility of the heart is known as a positive:

Which of the following is not used in continuous cardiac output monitoring?

What method of measuring cardiac output is most popular in intensive care units (ICUs) around the country?

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle in 1 minute is the definition of:

The strength of contraction of the myocardial muscle fibers is related directly to the amount of stretch on the fiber before contraction is a definition of:

In patients with pulmonary hypertension, the right ventricular stroke work index will be:

Intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has what effect on afterload?

All of the following can be used to assess cardiac output noninvasively except:

At rest, approximately what percentage of total blood volume is stored in the venous system?

Bradycardia in an adult is defined as a heart rate less than _____ beats/min.

All of the following may cause a decrease in ventricular compliance except:

IPPB with PEEP has what effect on preload?

Which of the following does not have a direct effect on stroke volume?

Tachycardia in an adult is defined as a heart rate greater than _____ beats/min.

To standardize the measurement of cardiac output in individuals of different sizes, the value for cardiac output is divided by the person's body surface area.The result is known as:

The filling pressure of the right heart also is known as the _____ pressure.

The cardiac output of the right ventricle is the same as the cardiac output of the left ventricle.Compared with the left ventricle, the cardiac work index of the right ventricle is:

The normal ejection fraction is approximately:

To obtain the coronary perfusion pressure, what two values are needed?

The filling pressure of the left heart also is known as the _____ pressure.

Preparing for the Patient Encounter

The Medical History and the Interview

Cardiopulmonary Symptoms

Vital Signs

Fundamentals of Physical Examination

Neurologic Assessment

Clinical Laboratory Studies

Interpretation of Blood Gases

Pulmonary Function Testing

Chest Imaging

Interpretation of Electrocardiogram Tracings

Neonatal and Pediatric Assessment

Older Patient Assessment

Respiratory Monitoring in Critical Care

Vascular Pressure Monitoring

Bronchoscopy

Nutrition Assessment

Sleep and Breathing Assessment

Home Care Patient Assessment

Documentation

Filters