Question 1

Giving a subject full information about all aspects of an experiment after the subject has fulfilled his or her role in an experiment is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  confounding. 
B)  deception. 
C)  debriefing 
D)  random assignment. 
A)  confounding. 
B)  deception. 
C)  debriefing 
D)  random assignment.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not true of experimenter bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  It canfluence the researcher'sterpretation of experimental results. 
B)  It does not actuallyfluence the subjects' behaviour 
C)  The researcher's expectations become a self-fulfilling prophecy. 
D)  It can be controlled if the researcher uses the double-blind technique. 
A)  It canfluence the researcher'sterpretation of experimental results. 
B)  It does not actuallyfluence the subjects' behaviour 
C)  The researcher's expectations become a self-fulfilling prophecy. 
D)  It can be controlled if the researcher uses the double-blind technique.

Question 3

Population is to ________ as sample is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviour; opinions 
B)  representative; biased 
C)  people; attitudes 
D)  whole; part 
A)  behaviour; opinions 
B)  representative; biased 
C)  people; attitudes 
D)  whole; part

Question 4

When a study is conducted for the purpose of solving practical problems, the research would be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  a theory. 
B)  applied research 
C)  basic research. 
D)  a hypothesis. 
A)  a theory. 
B)  applied research 
C)  basic research. 
D)  a hypothesis.

Question 5

According to the text, which of the following statements is not true of the subjects in psychological research over the last thirty years?

Accepted Answer

A)  There have been more college students than older subjects. 
B)  There have been more whites than blacks. 
C)  There have been more males than females. 
D)  There have been more older subjects than college students 
A)  There have been more college students than older subjects. 
B)  There have been more whites than blacks. 
C)  There have been more males than females. 
D)  There have been more older subjects than college students

Question 6

Of the following, which statement would most likely be endorsed by Sigmund Freud?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are capable of making conscious, rational choices, which can lead to growth and psychological health. 
B)  Because the mind is both useful and used, we should examine how it helps us adapt to a complex and changing world. 
C)  Human behaviour is primarily determined by unconscious mental forces and conflicts 
D)  Because mental events cannot be observed, psychology should restrict its focus to observable, measurable behaviour. 
A)  People are capable of making conscious, rational choices, which can lead to growth and psychological health. 
B)  Because the mind is both useful and used, we should examine how it helps us adapt to a complex and changing world. 
C)  Human behaviour is primarily determined by unconscious mental forces and conflicts 
D)  Because mental events cannot be observed, psychology should restrict its focus to observable, measurable behaviour.

Question 7

Experts generally agree that the best survey research

Accepted Answer

A)  uses the personalterview as the principle method of gatheringformation 
B)  uses the questionnaire method. 
C)  is not affected by the data gathering method. 
D)  uses neither the questionnaire nor the personalterview method. 
A)  uses the personalterview as the principle method of gatheringformation 
B)  uses the questionnaire method. 
C)  is not affected by the data gathering method. 
D)  uses neither the questionnaire nor the personalterview method.

Question 8

The biological perspective suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  much of human behaviour can be explained by biological processes 
B)  there are no areas of human behaviour that we do not understand. 
C)  all human behaviour is rooted unconscious causes. 
D)  all behaviour is learned from our biological parents. 
A)  much of human behaviour can be explained by biological processes 
B)  there are no areas of human behaviour that we do not understand. 
C)  all human behaviour is rooted unconscious causes. 
D)  all behaviour is learned from our biological parents.

Question 9

When researchers can specify the conditions under which a behaviour or event is likely to occur, they have accomplished the goal of

Accepted Answer

A)  explanation. 
B)  influence. 
C)  description. 
D)  prediction 
A)  explanation. 
B)  influence. 
C)  description. 
D)  prediction

Question 10

Margot is interested in determining if people who play video games also socialize while playing their games. She goes to a local arcade and carefully observes the behaviour of persons in the area. Margot is collecting information with the

Accepted Answer

A)  laboratory observation method. 
B)  case study method. 
C)  naturalistic observation method 
A)  laboratory observation method. 
B)  case study method. 
C)  naturalistic observation method

Question 11

Which of the following describes a negative correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no relationship between the variables. 
B)  When the value of one variable goes down, the value of the other goes down. 
C)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other goes up. 
D)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other variable goes down 
A)  There is no relationship between the variables. 
B)  When the value of one variable goes down, the value of the other goes down. 
C)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other goes up. 
D)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other variable goes down

Question 12

Which statement is true regarding the selection of subjects for a survey?

Accepted Answer

A)  Generalization to the larger population will be fairly accurate, regardless of the way the sample has been chosen. 
B)  The sample should contain important subgroups within the population the same proportions as they are found the larger population 
C)  The most accurate surveys are those with the largest number of subjects. 
D)  If the sample is relatively large, it need not be representative. 
A)  Generalization to the larger population will be fairly accurate, regardless of the way the sample has been chosen. 
B)  The sample should contain important subgroups within the population the same proportions as they are found the larger population 
C)  The most accurate surveys are those with the largest number of subjects. 
D)  If the sample is relatively large, it need not be representative.

Question 13

Professor Jones explains serious mental disorders in terms of chemical imbalances in the brain. She favours the

Accepted Answer

A)  biological perspective 
B)  psychoanalytic perspective. 
C)  cognitive perspective. 
D)  behavioural perspective. 
A)  biological perspective 
B)  psychoanalytic perspective. 
C)  cognitive perspective. 
D)  behavioural perspective.

Question 14

Research results can be influenced if a researcher unconsciously behaves differently toward subjects in the various groups based on his or her preconceived notions. This is called

Accepted Answer

A)  experimenter bias 
B)  demand characteristics. 
C)  selection bias. 
D)  the placebo effect. 
A)  experimenter bias 
B)  demand characteristics. 
C)  selection bias. 
D)  the placebo effect.

Question 15

All of the following are true about the Gestalt school of psychology led by Max Wertheimer except

Accepted Answer

A)  It was, part, a reaction against structuralism. 
B)  It proposed that that we can best understand conscious experience by reducing it to its basic elements. 
C)  It provided a coherent therapy that was contrast to behaviourism and psychoanalysis 
D)  It suggested that the whole of perception was more than the sum of its parts. 
A)  It was, part, a reaction against structuralism. 
B)  It proposed that that we can best understand conscious experience by reducing it to its basic elements. 
C)  It provided a coherent therapy that was contrast to behaviourism and psychoanalysis 
D)  It suggested that the whole of perception was more than the sum of its parts.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  The results of an experiment can befluenced by either the expectations of the subject or those of the researcher. 
B)  The experimental method is the only one which can be used to identify cause-effect relationships between variables. 
C)  Properly conducted experiments are always free offluence of a researcher's expectations 
D)  Ethical considerations can sometimes prevent researchers from using the experimental method even when they want to learn about cause-effect relationships. 
A)  The results of an experiment can befluenced by either the expectations of the subject or those of the researcher. 
B)  The experimental method is the only one which can be used to identify cause-effect relationships between variables. 
C)  Properly conducted experiments are always free offluence of a researcher's expectations 
D)  Ethical considerations can sometimes prevent researchers from using the experimental method even when they want to learn about cause-effect relationships.

Question 17

A psychologist is conducting an experiment to test the influence that coloured backgrounds of pages in textbooks have on the amount of information retained by students. She has a short text printed in three versions, each with a different colour of background. After students in three separate groups read their assigned text, she tests the students' retention. In this study, the retention of what the students read is the

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variable 
B)  random variable. 
C)  independent variable. 
D)  control variable. 
A)  dependent variable 
B)  random variable. 
C)  independent variable. 
D)  control variable.

Question 18

Which research method is used to determine the relationship between two characteristics, events or behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  The survey 
B)  The correlational method 
C)  The case study 
D)  Naturalistic observation 
A)  The survey 
B)  The correlational method 
C)  The case study 
D)  Naturalistic observation

Question 19

Because behaviourism was focused on observable and measurable behaviour, those who embraced the approach did not accept the introspective methods of the other schools.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

All of the following are limitations of naturalistic observation except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The method is not useful situations where more than a few subjects have to be observed 
B)  The presence of the researcher mayfluence the behaviour of the subjects. 
C)  The researcher has little or no control over conditions. 
D)  The expectations of the researcher may distort his or her observations. 
A)  The method is not useful situations where more than a few subjects have to be observed 
B)  The presence of the researcher mayfluence the behaviour of the subjects. 
C)  The researcher has little or no control over conditions. 
D)  The expectations of the researcher may distort his or her observations.

Giving a subject full information about all aspects of an experiment after the subject has fulfilled his or her role in an experiment is referred to as

Which of the following statements is not true of experimenter bias?

Population is to as sample is to .

When a study is conducted for the purpose of solving practical problems, the research would be described as

According to the text, which of the following statements is not true of the subjects in psychological research over the last thirty years?

Of the following, which statement would most likely be endorsed by Sigmund Freud?

Experts generally agree that the best survey research

The biological perspective suggests that

When researchers can specify the conditions under which a behaviour or event is likely to occur, they have accomplished the goal of

Margot is interested in determining if people who play video games also socialize while playing their games. She goes to a local arcade and carefully observes the behaviour of persons in the area. Margot is collecting information with the

Which of the following describes a negative correlation?

Which statement is true regarding the selection of subjects for a survey?

Professor Jones explains serious mental disorders in terms of chemical imbalances in the brain. She favours the

Research results can be influenced if a researcher unconsciously behaves differently toward subjects in the various groups based on his or her preconceived notions. This is called

All of the following are true about the Gestalt school of psychology led by Max Wertheimer except

Which of the following is not a true statement?

Which research method is used to determine the relationship between two characteristics, events or behaviours?

Because behaviourism was focused on observable and measurable behaviour, those who embraced the approach did not accept the introspective methods of the other schools.

All of the following are limitations of naturalistic observation except which of the following?

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Conciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychology Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Psychology

Giving a subject full information about all aspects of an experiment after the subject has fulfilled his or her role in an experiment is referred to as

Which of the following statements is not true of experimenter bias?

Population is to ________ as sample is to ________.

When a study is conducted for the purpose of solving practical problems, the research would be described as

According to the text, which of the following statements is not true of the subjects in psychological research over the last thirty years?

Of the following, which statement would most likely be endorsed by Sigmund Freud?

Experts generally agree that the best survey research

The biological perspective suggests that

When researchers can specify the conditions under which a behaviour or event is likely to occur, they have accomplished the goal of

Margot is interested in determining if people who play video games also socialize while playing their games. She goes to a local arcade and carefully observes the behaviour of persons in the area. Margot is collecting information with the

Which of the following describes a negative correlation?

Which statement is true regarding the selection of subjects for a survey?

Professor Jones explains serious mental disorders in terms of chemical imbalances in the brain. She favours the

Research results can be influenced if a researcher unconsciously behaves differently toward subjects in the various groups based on his or her preconceived notions. This is called

All of the following are true about the Gestalt school of psychology led by Max Wertheimer except

Which of the following is not a true statement?

Which research method is used to determine the relationship between two characteristics, events or behaviours?

Because behaviourism was focused on observable and measurable behaviour, those who embraced the approach did not accept the introspective methods of the other schools.

All of the following are limitations of naturalistic observation except which of the following?

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Conciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychology Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Population is to as sample is to .