Exam 7: Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling

Karen Simmons was curious to know whether her fellow Torontonians were more likely to shop at small,locally-owned store,or big-box stores like Walmart.To satisfy her curiosity,Karen stood on the sidewalk in front of her condo building and asked passers by about their consumer practices.What kind of sampling technique did Karen use?

Define the following:probability proportionate to size (PPS)

Which of the following terms best describes people who engage in illegal or concealed activities such that very often a researcher must use purposive sampling in order to find them?

What is the population in random-digit dialing (RDD)? Does it avoid sampling frame problems?

Professor Johnny Jones draws a systematic sample of 350 churches from all churches and religious institutions in the three Pacific coast states of the continental U.S.and British Columbia.His sampling frame has 35 000 institutions. What is the sampling ratio?

If a confidence interval ranges from 72 to 76 per cent,what is the implicit margin of error?

Define the following:random number table

Sam Smith,the CEO of a local TV station,recently conducted a study of TV watchers in his area.He obtained a list of all residential customers from the cable TV company's billing list.He selected customers from the 20 000 households on the billing list by taking every fortieth household.A trained interviewer then visited each household and asked detailed questions about the viewing habits of various family members. What is the sampling frame in Sam Smith's study?

Define the following:sampling interval

Professor Bobby Birdfeather wants to study how people join a small extremist political organization dedicated to right-wing causes.He first interviews recent recruits and asks who introduced him/her to the organization.He next interviews the named person and asks who introduced him/her to the organization,and so on.What kind of sampling is this?

Define the following:sampling distribution

Professor Mary Mancini studied class level and drinking behaviour at Rocky Mountain University in Red Deer,Alberta.At Rocky Mountain,every student is required to live in one of six 20-story dormitories,and every student has a single room.All dormitory room phone numbers begin with the prefix 747 or 757 (e.g.,phone numbers are 747-0001 to 757-9999).She used the student telephone directory and,after a random start,selected every fifteenth student.She then mailed a questionnaire to the 1000 students selected and had two follow-up postcard reminders.A total of 900 students returned questionnaires.Later,Professor Mancini asked the university registrar's office whether any students were omitted from the directory. About how many students are listed in the Rocky Mountain University student telephone directory?

Postdoctoral fellow Walter Waters used nonrandom sampling in his study of successful scientists.He knew most got excellent grades in high school and university,excelled in mathematics,and had a strong interest in science from a very young age.For his study,he was interested in sampling those who were successful as adult scientists but did poorly in high school,did average or worse in math classes,and showed little interest and aptitude in science until they reached university.What type of sampling was he using?

Define the following:population

Define the following:sample

What are sociograms used to depict?

Define the following:nonrandom sample

Define the following:target population

The Toronto Fire Department has hired you to generate an accurate estimate of how many homes have operational fire prevention systems.The Chief Fire Inspector gave you a list of two million residential telephone customers in the city.You sampled every two-thousandth address on the list.You survey each sampled household by telephone. How large is your sample?

What is the type of sampling that seeks a representative sample using theories from mathematics called?