Question 1

The gastroesophageal sphincter is normally closed to prevent

Accepted Answer

A) air from entering the esophagus during breathing 
B) gastric contents from refluxing into the esophagus 
C) vomiting 
D) esophageal leaking into the stomach 
E) food from entering the pharynx 
A) air from entering the esophagus during breathing 
B) gastric contents from refluxing into the esophagus 
C) vomiting 
D) esophageal leaking into the stomach 
E) food from entering the pharynx

Question 2

During defecation, the internal anal sphincter relaxes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The defecation reflex

Accepted Answer

A) is initiated when mass movements force fecal material into the rectum, stimulating stretch receptors in the rectal wall 
B) involves relaxation of the internal anal sphincter 
C) involves contraction of the sigmoid colon and rectum 
D) can be overridden by voluntary contraction of the external anal sphincter 
E) has all of the above characteristics 
A) is initiated when mass movements force fecal material into the rectum, stimulating stretch receptors in the rectal wall 
B) involves relaxation of the internal anal sphincter 
C) involves contraction of the sigmoid colon and rectum 
D) can be overridden by voluntary contraction of the external anal sphincter 
E) has all of the above characteristics

Question 4

The four basic digestive processes are ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

motility,

Question 5

Most of the digestive secretions do not remain in the fecal material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Blood flow into the liver is via the

Accepted Answer

A) hepatic vein 
B) hepatic portal vein 
C) hepatic artery 
D) all of the above 
E) only b and c 
A) hepatic vein 
B) hepatic portal vein 
C) hepatic artery 
D) all of the above 
E) only b and c

Question 7

Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the ____________________ (what part?) of the stomach under the influence of ____________________ (what enzyme?).

Accepted Answer

BODY, SALI

Question 8

The most important function of the stomach is to begin protein digestion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Bile acts on

Accepted Answer

A) distention of the stomach 
B) gastrin 
C) carbohydrate in the stomach 
D) fat in the duodenum 
E) fat in the stomach 
A) distention of the stomach 
B) gastrin 
C) carbohydrate in the stomach 
D) fat in the duodenum 
E) fat in the stomach

Question 10

Which statement about cholecystokinin is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) It is secreted by the endocrine portion of the pancreas. 
B) It stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. 
C) It causes contraction of the gallbladder. 
D) Both a and c 
E) All of the above 
A) It is secreted by the endocrine portion of the pancreas. 
B) It stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. 
C) It causes contraction of the gallbladder. 
D) Both a and c 
E) All of the above

Question 11

Absorption of ______ is/are linked to active sodium absorption at the basolateral border of the epithelial cell.

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) glucose 
C) galactose 
D) amino acids 
E) all of the above 
A) water 
B) glucose 
C) galactose 
D) amino acids 
E) all of the above

Question 12

The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by a high concentration of _____________ ions in the stomach..

Accepted Answer

The answer of The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing...

Question 13

The pancreas does not

Accepted Answer

A) have endocrine tissue 
B) have exocrine tissue 
C) secrete an alkaline fluid 
D) secrete pepsinogen 
E) secrete trypsinogen 
A) have endocrine tissue 
B) have exocrine tissue 
C) secrete an alkaline fluid 
D) secrete pepsinogen 
E) secrete trypsinogen

Question 14

Which of the following is not a component of saliva?

Accepted Answer

A) amylase 
B) mucus 
C) pepsin 
D) lysozyme 
E) water 
A) amylase 
B) mucus 
C) pepsin 
D) lysozyme 
E) water

Question 15

_______________ is the plasma protein that transports iron in the blood, whereas ___________ is the granular form of iron stored in the small intestine epithelial cells.

Accepted Answer

Transferri

Question 16

Indicate which hormone(s) is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code.
a.secretin and CCK
b.secretin
c.CCK
d.gastrin
-Secreted by the pyloric gland area

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate which hormone(s) is being described by...

Question 17

The principal clinical manifestation of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is incomplete protein digestion resulting from the deficiency of the powerful pancreatic proteolytic enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which statement is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Salivation is entirely under neural control. 
B) Parasympathetic stimulation and sympathetic stimulation both increase salivary secretion. 
C) The acquired salivary reflex occurs upon stimulation of chemoreceptors and/or pressure receptors in the mouth. 
D) Parasympathetic stimulation produces a watery saliva rich in enzymes. 
E) The salivary center is located in the medulla. 
A) Salivation is entirely under neural control. 
B) Parasympathetic stimulation and sympathetic stimulation both increase salivary secretion. 
C) The acquired salivary reflex occurs upon stimulation of chemoreceptors and/or pressure receptors in the mouth. 
D) Parasympathetic stimulation produces a watery saliva rich in enzymes. 
E) The salivary center is located in the medulla.

Question 19

Which statement is incorrect about parasympathetic stimulation of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

A) In general, it is excitatory for digestive organs. 
B) It comes primarily through the vagus nerve. 
C) It is part of the extrinsic nerve supply to the digestive tract. 
D) It causes salivary glands to secrete saliva rich in mucus. 
E) It increases salivary, gastric, pancreatic, and biliary secretion. 
A) In general, it is excitatory for digestive organs. 
B) It comes primarily through the vagus nerve. 
C) It is part of the extrinsic nerve supply to the digestive tract. 
D) It causes salivary glands to secrete saliva rich in mucus. 
E) It increases salivary, gastric, pancreatic, and biliary secretion.

Question 20

Indicate which item in the top column best describes the item in the bottom column by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
a.Secretes NaHCO3
b.Enzyme for protein digestion secreted by pancreas
c.First to activate pepsinogen
d.Enzyme for fat digestion
e.Functions inside brush border
f.Secretes gastrin
g.Stimulates parietal and chief cells
h.Enzyme for carbohydrate digestion that functions primarily in the body of the stomach
i.Secreted by chief cells
j.Secretes pancreatic enzymes
k.Secreted by duodenal cells in response to the presence of acid
l.Stimulates pancreatic acinar cells
-Cholecystokinin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate which item in the top column...

The gastroesophageal sphincter is normally closed to prevent

During defecation, the internal anal sphincter relaxes.

The defecation reflex

The four basic digestive processes are , , , and .

Most of the digestive secretions do not remain in the fecal material.

Blood flow into the liver is via the

Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the (what part?) of the stomach under the influence of (what enzyme?).

The most important function of the stomach is to begin protein digestion.

Bile acts on

Which statement about cholecystokinin is incorrect?

Absorption of ______ is/are linked to active sodium absorption at the basolateral border of the epithelial cell.

The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by a high concentration of _____________ ions in the stomach..

The pancreas does not

Which of the following is not a component of saliva?

_____ is the plasma protein that transports iron in the blood, whereas _ is the granular form of iron stored in the small intestine epithelial cells.

Indicate which hormone(s) is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code. a.secretin and CCK b.secretin c.CCK d.gastrin -Secreted by the pyloric gland area

The principal clinical manifestation of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is incomplete protein digestion resulting from the deficiency of the powerful pancreatic proteolytic enzymes.

Which statement is incorrect?

Which statement is incorrect about parasympathetic stimulation of the digestive system?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 16: The Digestive System

The gastroesophageal sphincter is normally closed to prevent

During defecation, the internal anal sphincter relaxes.

The defecation reflex

The four basic digestive processes are ____________________, ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Most of the digestive secretions do not remain in the fecal material.

Blood flow into the liver is via the

Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the ____________________ (what part?) of the stomach under the influence of ____________________ (what enzyme?).

The most important function of the stomach is to begin protein digestion.

Bile acts on

Which statement about cholecystokinin is incorrect?

Absorption of ______ is/are linked to active sodium absorption at the basolateral border of the epithelial cell.

The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by a high concentration of _____________ ions in the stomach..

The pancreas does not

Which of the following is not a component of saliva?

_______________ is the plasma protein that transports iron in the blood, whereas ___________ is the granular form of iron stored in the small intestine epithelial cells.

Indicate which hormone(s) is being described by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code. a.secretin and CCK b.secretin c.CCK d.gastrin -Secreted by the pyloric gland area

The principal clinical manifestation of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is incomplete protein digestion resulting from the deficiency of the powerful pancreatic proteolytic enzymes.

Which statement is incorrect?

Which statement is incorrect about parasympathetic stimulation of the digestive system?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

The four basic digestive processes are , , , and .

Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the (what part?) of the stomach under the influence of (what enzyme?).

_____ is the plasma protein that transports iron in the blood, whereas _ is the granular form of iron stored in the small intestine epithelial cells.