Question 1

Broadly, metamorphism involves

Accepted Answer

A) the settling of crystals in a melt as it cools. 
B) the sorting of grains by size, as accomplished by rivers and beach waves. 
C) the cementation of loose grains and the precipitation of new minerals into pore spaces. 
D) changes in mineralogy and texture in response to heat and stress. 
A) the settling of crystals in a melt as it cools. 
B) the sorting of grains by size, as accomplished by rivers and beach waves. 
C) the cementation of loose grains and the precipitation of new minerals into pore spaces. 
D) changes in mineralogy and texture in response to heat and stress.

Question 2

Nonfoliated metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on their

Accepted Answer

A) Metamorphic texture. 
B) mineral composition. 
C) percentage of preferred orientation. 
D) proximity to the metamorphic source. 
A) Metamorphic texture. 
B) mineral composition. 
C) percentage of preferred orientation. 
D) proximity to the metamorphic source.

Question 3

Mineral assemblages within metamorphic rock are

Accepted Answer

A) always identical to that found within its protolith. 
B) dependent only on the mineral assemblage of its protolith. 
C) dependent only on the temperature and pressure of formation. 
D) dependent on both the mineral content of its protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation. 
A) always identical to that found within its protolith. 
B) dependent only on the mineral assemblage of its protolith. 
C) dependent only on the temperature and pressure of formation. 
D) dependent on both the mineral content of its protolith and the temperature and pressure of formation.

Question 4

Metamorphism is specific to processes that occur in conditions between _________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A) diagenesis; lithification 
B) diagenesis; melting 
C) magmatism; sedimentation 
D) melting; pressure solution 
A) diagenesis; lithification 
B) diagenesis; melting 
C) magmatism; sedimentation 
D) melting; pressure solution

Question 5

Which of the following is a common protolith involved in the formation of quartzite?

Accepted Answer

A) limestone 
B) sandstone 
C) shale 
D) slate 
A) limestone 
B) sandstone 
C) shale 
D) slate

Question 6

Which of the following is a common protolith involved in the formation of slate?

Accepted Answer

A) limestone 
B) sandstone 
C) shale 
D) basalt 
A) limestone 
B) sandstone 
C) shale 
D) basalt

Question 7

Which of the following is a high-grade metamorphic rock?

Accepted Answer

A) quartzite 
B) slate 
C) gneiss 
D) schist 
A) quartzite 
B) slate 
C) gneiss 
D) schist

Question 8

Clay minerals within a slate are changed into mica minerals as a result of the application of heat to a rock. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) pressure solution. 
B) recrystallization. 
C) plastic deformation. 
D) phase change. 
A) pressure solution. 
B) recrystallization. 
C) plastic deformation. 
D) phase change.

Question 9

Within a single mountain range,

Accepted Answer

A) only low-grade metamorphic rocks are likely to be found. 
B) only high-grade metamorphic rocks are likely to be found. 
C) only nonfoliated metamorphic rocks are likely to be found. 
D) it is possible to find a variety of metamorphic rocks produced in distinct facies, including high-, intermediate-, and low-grade rocks. 
A) only low-grade metamorphic rocks are likely to be found. 
B) only high-grade metamorphic rocks are likely to be found. 
C) only nonfoliated metamorphic rocks are likely to be found. 
D) it is possible to find a variety of metamorphic rocks produced in distinct facies, including high-, intermediate-, and low-grade rocks.

Question 10

Draw the orientation of the preferential stress that created the foliation in the image below.

Accepted Answer

See image below. Arr

Question 11

During dynamothermal metamorphism, several metamorphic processes are at work. Describe these processes and what effect they might have on the rocks subjected to this type of metamorphism.

Accepted Answer

Dynamothermal metamorphism occurs in the

Question 12

The progressive transformations that result in the passage of atoms through different rock types over geologic time is called the ___________ cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) Milankovitch 
B) rock 
C) cyclothem 
D) carbon 
A) Milankovitch 
B) rock 
C) cyclothem 
D) carbon

Question 13

Foliated rock is created by a preferential stress oriented ____________ the foliation.

Accepted Answer

A) the same way as 
B) diagonally to 
C) perpendicular to 
D) parallel to 
A) the same way as 
B) diagonally to 
C) perpendicular to 
D) parallel to

Question 14

Slaty cleavage, schistosity, and compositional banding are all examples of

Accepted Answer

A) mineral cleavage. 
B) foliation. 
C) recrystallization. 
D) metamorphic facies. 
A) mineral cleavage. 
B) foliation. 
C) recrystallization. 
D) metamorphic facies.

Question 15

Spreading peanut butter on bread is an application of

Accepted Answer

A) compressive stress. 
B) pressure. 
C) shear stress. 
D) metasomatism. 
A) compressive stress. 
B) pressure. 
C) shear stress. 
D) metasomatism.

Question 16

Elongated or "smeared" mineral grains indicate that a rock was subjected to

Accepted Answer

A) shearing. 
B) compression. 
C) tension. 
D) Pressure solution. 
A) shearing. 
B) compression. 
C) tension. 
D) Pressure solution.

Question 17

A nonfoliated metamorphic rock that is composed entirely of calcite is called

Accepted Answer

A) hornfels. 
B) slate. 
C) quartzite. 
D) marble. 
A) hornfels. 
B) slate. 
C) quartzite. 
D) marble.

Question 18

The blueschist facies is a metamorphic realm of

Accepted Answer

A) high temperature and pressure. 
B) low temperature and pressure. 
C) high temperature but relatively low pressure. 
D) high pressure but relatively low temperature. 
A) high temperature and pressure. 
B) low temperature and pressure. 
C) high temperature but relatively low pressure. 
D) high pressure but relatively low temperature.

Question 19

Metamorphism includes a solid-state change in a rock caused by heat, pressure, and/or hydrothermal fluids. Explain what is meant by solid-state change.

Accepted Answer

A solid-state change takes place when al

Question 20

Marble and quartzite are nonfoliated rocks because

Accepted Answer

A) they are never found beneath fault zones or collisional mountain ranges. 
B) both are dominated by minerals that produce equant grains. 
C) both are dominated by minerals with crystalline structures that cannot be dissolved. 
D) dynamothermal metamorphism can break down the structures of their constituent minerals, but neither of these minerals is stable in that metamorphic environment. 
A) they are never found beneath fault zones or collisional mountain ranges. 
B) both are dominated by minerals that produce equant grains. 
C) both are dominated by minerals with crystalline structures that cannot be dissolved. 
D) dynamothermal metamorphism can break down the structures of their constituent minerals, but neither of these minerals is stable in that metamorphic environment.

Exam 6: A Process of Change: Metamorphism and the Rock Cycle

Broadly, metamorphism involves

Nonfoliated metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on their

Mineral assemblages within metamorphic rock are

Metamorphism is specific to processes that occur in conditions between _________ and __________.

Which of the following is a common protolith involved in the formation of quartzite?

Which of the following is a common protolith involved in the formation of slate?

Which of the following is a high-grade metamorphic rock?

Clay minerals within a slate are changed into mica minerals as a result of the application of heat to a rock. This is an example of

Within a single mountain range,

Draw the orientation of the preferential stress that created the foliation in the image below.

During dynamothermal metamorphism, several metamorphic processes are at work. Describe these processes and what effect they might have on the rocks subjected to this type of metamorphism.

The progressive transformations that result in the passage of atoms through different rock types over geologic time is called the ___________ cycle.

Foliated rock is created by a preferential stress oriented ____________ the foliation.

Slaty cleavage, schistosity, and compositional banding are all examples of

Spreading peanut butter on bread is an application of

Elongated or "smeared" mineral grains indicate that a rock was subjected to

A nonfoliated metamorphic rock that is composed entirely of calcite is called

The blueschist facies is a metamorphic realm of

Metamorphism includes a solid-state change in a rock caused by heat, pressure, and/or hydrothermal fluids. Explain what is meant by solid-state change.

Marble and quartzite are nonfoliated rocks because

The Earth in Context

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of Earth

Riches in Rock: Energy and Mineral Resources

Shaping the Earths Surface: Landscapes, the Hydrologic Cycle, and Mass Wasting

Freshwater: Streams, Lakes, and Groundwater

Extreme Realms: Desert and Glacial Landscapes

Ocean Waters: the Blue of the Blue Marble

Marine Geology: the Study of Ocean Basins and Coasts

The Air We Breathe: Introducing Earths Atmosphere

Winds of the World: the Earths Major Weather Systems

Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Local Weather Systems

Climate and Climate Change

Our Solar System and Beyond

Our Neighborhood in Space

The Sun, Stars, and Deep Space

Prelude: Welcome to Earth Science

Filters

Metamorphism is specific to processes that occur in conditions between _ and __.