Chat with AIExam 4: Hardware and Software
Describe operating systems and application programs.
(32) 
VerifiedThe operating system is a program that controls that computer's resources.Some of the functions of an operating system are to read and write data,allocate main memory,perform memory swapping,start and stop programs,respond to error conditions,and facilitate backup and recovery.In addition,the operating system creates and manages the user interface,including the display,keyboard,mouse,and other devices.If you want to write a document or query a customer database,you need application programs.Application software performs a service or function.These programs must be licensed in addition to the operating system.Two things need to be kept in mind here.First,a particular version of an operating system is written for a particular type of hardware.Second,application programs are written to use a particular operating system.
Microsoft Office is a closed source project.
(32) VerifiedTrue
Briefly describe the functioning of a computer.
(31) VerifiedThe CPU is the major actor in a computer.To run a program or process data,the computer first transfers the program or data from disk to main memory.Then,to execute an instruction,it moves the instruction from main memory into the CPU via the data channel or bus.The CPU has a small amount of very fast memory called a cache.The CPU keeps frequently used instructions in the cache.Main memory of the computer contains program instructions for Microsoft Excel,Adobe Acrobat,and a browser (Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox).It also contains a block of data and instructions for the operating system (OS),which is a program that controls the computer's resources.Main memory is too small to hold all of the programs and data that a user might want to process.Consequently,the CPU loads programs into memory in chunks.If the user opens another program or needs to load more data the operating system will direct the CPU to attempt to place the new program or data into unused memory.If there is not enough memory,it will remove something and then it will place the just-requested program or data into the vacated space.This process is called memory swapping.
When a user opens a new program,the CPU may ________ and move a block of unused data to make room for the new data.
(32) Which of the following is one of the functions of an application program?
(26) Which of the following is an example of a special function card?
(34) Unix is primarily used in engineering,computer-assisted design,and architecture.
(33) To run a program or process data,the computer first transfers the program or data from disk to ________.
(37) Mac OS and Macintosh computers are used primarily by graphic artists and workers in the arts community.
(37) 
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