Exam 11: Programming

 When taking the object-oriented approach to a problem, one of the first steps is to identify the objects that pertain to a solution.​ 

 Encapsulation refers to the process of hiding the internal details of objects and their ___________.​

 In a repetition control structure, the computer is directed to repeat one or more instructions until a certain condition is met. The section of code that repeats is usually referred to as a(n) ___________.​ 

 The core of a computer program is a sequence of instructions. 

 A(n) ____ code, is a command word for an operation such as add, compare, or jump.​

 The _______________ paradigm describes aspects of a problem that lead to a solution.​​ 

 During ___________ execution, the first instruction in the program is executed first, then the second instruction, and so on, to the last instruction in the program.​

 ​Computer historians believe that ____________ was the first programming language to work with objects, classes, inheritance, and methods. 

 An API is a set of application or operating system functions that programmers can add to the programs they create.​ 

 Prolog allows you to ask open-ended questions by replacing constants with __________.​ 

 Microprocessors only understand machine language, so there has to be some way to convert assembly language instructions into 1s and 0s.​ 

 In Prolog programming, a(n) __________ represents one of the main subjects that a fact describes.​

 As an alternative to a compiler, a(n) ________ converts and executes one statement at a time while the program is running.​

 The ________________ paradigm is based on the idea that the solution for a problem can be visualized in terms of objects that interact with each other.​ 

 The procedural paradigm focuses on an algorithm that describes a solution, the _____________ paradigm focuses on describing the problem.​

 A(n) ___________ converts all the statements in a program in a single batch, and the resulting collection of instructions, called ________, is placed in a new file.​ 

 The declarative paradigm is fundamentally quite similar to the procedural paradigm.​ 

 Each fact in a Prolog program is similar to a record in a database, but you can query a Prolog program's database by asking a question, called a(n) _______ in Prolog jargon.​

 Keywords can be combined with specific ____________, which provide more detailed instructions for the computer to carry out.​

 In the context of programming, a problem ____________ defines certain elements that must be manipulated to achieve a result or goal.​