Question 1

Figure 15-2 The Corticospinal Pathway
Use Figure 15-2 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "5."

Accepted Answer

A) ventral root 
B) upper motor neuron 
C) first-order neuron 
D) second-order neuron 
E) dorsal root 
A) ventral root 
B) upper motor neuron 
C) first-order neuron 
D) second-order neuron 
E) dorsal root

Question 2

Sensory neurons that adapt quickly are called ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) phasic 
B) tonic 
C) intracellular 
D) chemical-channel 
E) opioid 
A) phasic 
B) tonic 
C) intracellular 
D) chemical-channel 
E) opioid

Question 3

The spinal tract that relays information concerning crude touch and pressure to the CNS is the

Accepted Answer

A) fasciculus gracilis. 
B) fasciculus cuneatus. 
C) posterior spinocerebellar. 
D) lateral spinothalamic. 
E) anterior spinothalamic. 
A) fasciculus gracilis. 
B) fasciculus cuneatus. 
C) posterior spinocerebellar. 
D) lateral spinothalamic. 
E) anterior spinothalamic.

Question 4

While playing lacrosse,Frank took a blow to the back of his neck.This caused swelling of the posterior spinal cord at C₇,T₁.What tract lies in this area? What signs might you expect Frank to show while the swelling persists?

Accepted Answer

The posterior spinocerebellar

Question 5

The ________ tract provides subconscious regulation of upper limb muscle tone and movement and is part of the ________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) tectospinal; lateral 
B) rubrospinal; lateral 
C) reticulospinal; medial 
D) vestibulospinal; lateral 
E) corticobulbar; medial 
A) tectospinal; lateral 
B) rubrospinal; lateral 
C) reticulospinal; medial 
D) vestibulospinal; lateral 
E) corticobulbar; medial

Question 6

Mechanoreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure are called

Accepted Answer

A) nociceptors. 
B) baroreceptors. 
C) chemoreceptors. 
D) proprioceptors. 
E) thermoreceptors. 
A) nociceptors. 
B) baroreceptors. 
C) chemoreceptors. 
D) proprioceptors. 
E) thermoreceptors.

Question 7

________ provides information about the intensity,duration,location,and modality of a sensory stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) Baroreceptors 
B) Sensory coding 
C) Tactile receptors 
D) Lamellated corpuscles 
E) Merkel's discs 
A) Baroreceptors 
B) Sensory coding 
C) Tactile receptors 
D) Lamellated corpuscles 
E) Merkel's discs

Question 8

Figure 15-1 Spinothalamic Tracts
Use Figure 15-1 to answer the following questions:
-Which structure conducts action potentials directly from a sensory receptor?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 5 
E) 7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 5 
E) 7

Question 9

Based on the motor homunculus,which of the following body regions has the fewest number of motor units involved?

Accepted Answer

A) tongue 
B) face 
C) hands 
D) back trunk 
A) tongue 
B) face 
C) hands 
D) back trunk

Question 10

A brain injury to a patient results in facial paralysis.Which descending tract is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

A) corticospinal tract 
B) tectospinal tract 
C) rubrospinal tract 
D) corticobulbar tract 
E) reticulospinal tract 
A) corticospinal tract 
B) tectospinal tract 
C) rubrospinal tract 
D) corticobulbar tract 
E) reticulospinal tract

Question 11

Chemoreceptors are located in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) carotid bodies. 
B) aortic bodies. 
C) the skin. 
D) the organs of taste. 
E) the organs of smell. 
A) carotid bodies. 
B) aortic bodies. 
C) the skin. 
D) the organs of taste. 
E) the organs of smell.

Question 12

Sensory encoding of the perceived location of a stimulus depends on

Accepted Answer

A) the frequency of action potentials. 
B) which labeled line is active. 
C) the specific location of the cortical neuron that is stimulated. 
D) the specific sensitivity of the peripheral receptor. 
E) the number of receptors stimulated. 
A) the frequency of action potentials. 
B) which labeled line is active. 
C) the specific location of the cortical neuron that is stimulated. 
D) the specific sensitivity of the peripheral receptor. 
E) the number of receptors stimulated.

Question 13

What are differences and similarities between "crude" touch and "fine" touch sensations?

Accepted Answer

Crude touch refers to sensations from st

Question 14

The descending spinal tract that crosses to the opposite side of the body within the cord is the ________ tract.

Accepted Answer

A) lateral corticospinal 
B) anterior corticospinal 
C) rubrospinal 
D) reticulospinal 
E) vestibulospinal 
A) lateral corticospinal 
B) anterior corticospinal 
C) rubrospinal 
D) reticulospinal 
E) vestibulospinal

Question 15

Peripheral adaptation ________ the number of action potentials that reach the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A) decreases 
B) increases 
C) stabilizes 
D) neutralizes 
E) amplifies 
A) decreases 
B) increases 
C) stabilizes 
D) neutralizes 
E) amplifies

Question 16

For the last few weeks,you have had an odd sensation on your upper thigh.When you touch the naked skin,it feels very strange,like you are touching your skin through layers of cloth.The surrounding area feels normal.Your doctor thinks that this may be related to spinal nerve damage related to a herniated disc.The doctor calls this change in sensation

Accepted Answer

A) paresthesia. 
B) anesthesia. 
C) hypesthesia. 
D) synesthesia. 
E) kinesthesia. 
A) paresthesia. 
B) anesthesia. 
C) hypesthesia. 
D) synesthesia. 
E) kinesthesia.

Question 17

In order for a sensation to become a perception,

Accepted Answer

A) it must be received by the somatosensory cortex. 
B) the individual must vocalize about it. 
C) it must arrive over fast-conducting nerve fibers. 
D) the other senses must be silent. 
E) it must be received by the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus. 
A) it must be received by the somatosensory cortex. 
B) the individual must vocalize about it. 
C) it must arrive over fast-conducting nerve fibers. 
D) the other senses must be silent. 
E) it must be received by the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus.

Question 18

Figure 15-1 Spinothalamic Tracts
Use Figure 15-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the neuron labeled " 1."

Accepted Answer

A) lower motor neuron 
B) upper motor neuron 
C) first-order neuron 
D) second-order neuron 
E) ganglionic neuron 
A) lower motor neuron 
B) upper motor neuron 
C) first-order neuron 
D) second-order neuron 
E) ganglionic neuron

Question 19

Central adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
B) a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
C) inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D) increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
E) a change in motor receptivity of a neuron. 
A) the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
B) a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
C) inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D) increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
E) a change in motor receptivity of a neuron.

Question 20

Destruction of or damage to a lower motor neuron in the somatic nervous system produces

Accepted Answer

A) the inability to localize a stimulus. 
B) a subconscious response to a stimulation. 
C) flaccid paralysis of its muscle fibers (motor unit). 
D) a stimulation of the innervated muscle. 
E) contractile paralysis of its motor unit. 
A) the inability to localize a stimulus. 
B) a subconscious response to a stimulation. 
C) flaccid paralysis of its muscle fibers (motor unit). 
D) a stimulation of the innervated muscle. 
E) contractile paralysis of its motor unit.

Exam 15: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

Figure 15-2 The Corticospinal Pathway Use Figure 15-2 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "5."

Sensory neurons that adapt quickly are called ________ receptors.

The spinal tract that relays information concerning crude touch and pressure to the CNS is the

While playing lacrosse,Frank took a blow to the back of his neck.This caused swelling of the posterior spinal cord at C₇,T₁.What tract lies in this area? What signs might you expect Frank to show while the swelling persists?

The ________ tract provides subconscious regulation of upper limb muscle tone and movement and is part of the ________ pathway.

Mechanoreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure are called

________ provides information about the intensity,duration,location,and modality of a sensory stimulus.

Figure 15-1 Spinothalamic Tracts Use Figure 15-1 to answer the following questions: -Which structure conducts action potentials directly from a sensory receptor?

Based on the motor homunculus,which of the following body regions has the fewest number of motor units involved?

A brain injury to a patient results in facial paralysis.Which descending tract is most likely affected?

Chemoreceptors are located in all of the following except

Sensory encoding of the perceived location of a stimulus depends on

What are differences and similarities between "crude" touch and "fine" touch sensations?

The descending spinal tract that crosses to the opposite side of the body within the cord is the ________ tract.

Peripheral adaptation ________ the number of action potentials that reach the CNS.

In order for a sensation to become a perception,

Figure 15-1 Spinothalamic Tracts Use Figure 15-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the neuron labeled " 1."

Central adaptation refers to

Destruction of or damage to a lower motor neuron in the somatic nervous system produces

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The tract provides subconscious regulation of upper limb muscle tone and movement and is part of the pathway.