Question 1

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Preganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord. 
B) Ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or near to effectors. 
C) Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long. 
D) The actions of the parasympathetic division are more localized than those of the sympathetic division. 
E) The ganglionic neurons always release acetylcholine. 
A) Preganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord. 
B) Ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or near to effectors. 
C) Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long. 
D) The actions of the parasympathetic division are more localized than those of the sympathetic division. 
E) The ganglionic neurons always release acetylcholine.

Question 2

A neuron with nicotinic receptors is exposed to acetylcholine.This will lead to

Accepted Answer

A) activation of chemically-gated ion channels. 
B) excitation of the neuron. 
C) entry of sodium ions into the neuron. 
D) depolarization of the neuron. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) activation of chemically-gated ion channels. 
B) excitation of the neuron. 
C) entry of sodium ions into the neuron. 
D) depolarization of the neuron. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 3

Sympathomimetic drugs might be used to

Accepted Answer

A) decrease heart rate. 
B) decrease blood pressure. 
C) dilate airways. 
D) increase gastric motility. 
E) reduce blood sugar levels. 
A) decrease heart rate. 
B) decrease blood pressure. 
C) dilate airways. 
D) increase gastric motility. 
E) reduce blood sugar levels.

Question 4

Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the

Accepted Answer

A) intramural ganglia. 
B) collateral ganglia. 
C) chain ganglia. 
D) brain stem. 
E) suprarenal medullae. 
A) intramural ganglia. 
B) collateral ganglia. 
C) chain ganglia. 
D) brain stem. 
E) suprarenal medullae.

Question 5

Stimulation of the neurons in the celiac ganglion would lead to

Accepted Answer

A) relaxation of the urinary sphincter. 
B) increased heart rate. 
C) conversion of liver glycogen reserves into glucose. 
D) activation of ventral sweat glands. 
E) increased gastric motility. 
A) relaxation of the urinary sphincter. 
B) increased heart rate. 
C) conversion of liver glycogen reserves into glucose. 
D) activation of ventral sweat glands. 
E) increased gastric motility.

Question 6

Which of the following provides preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to structures in the neck and in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Accepted Answer

A) vagus nerves 
B) sciatic nerves 
C) glossopharyngeal nerves 
D) pelvic nerves 
E) cervicothoracocabdominopelvic nerves 
A) vagus nerves 
B) sciatic nerves 
C) glossopharyngeal nerves 
D) pelvic nerves 
E) cervicothoracocabdominopelvic nerves

Question 7

Drugs that have effects similar to those of sympathetic activation are called sympathomimetic drugs.Which of the following would you not expect to observe in a person who has taken a sympathomimetic drug?

Accepted Answer

A) sweating 
B) increased heart rate 
C) dilation of respiratory passages 
D) decreased blood pressure 
E) increased blood sugar level 
A) sweating 
B) increased heart rate 
C) dilation of respiratory passages 
D) decreased blood pressure 
E) increased blood sugar level

Question 8

Conversion of a short-term memory to a long-term memory is called

Accepted Answer

A) memory conversion. 
B) anterograde amnesia. 
C) memory programming. 
D) memory consolidation. 
E) memory engraving. 
A) memory conversion. 
B) anterograde amnesia. 
C) memory programming. 
D) memory consolidation. 
E) memory engraving.

Question 9

Damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve would likely cause

Accepted Answer

A) increase in heart rate. 
B) problems in sexual arousal. 
C) a reduction in saliva. 
D) visual problems. 
E) urine retention. 
A) increase in heart rate. 
B) problems in sexual arousal. 
C) a reduction in saliva. 
D) visual problems. 
E) urine retention.

Question 10

The sympathetic division is also called the ________ division.

Accepted Answer

A) thoracolumbar 
B) craniosacral 
C) thoracocranial 
D) craniolumbar 
E) craniococcygeal 
A) thoracolumbar 
B) craniosacral 
C) thoracocranial 
D) craniolumbar 
E) craniococcygeal

Question 11

Parasympathetic blocking agents can be useful in treating

Accepted Answer

A) heart failure. 
B) high blood pressure. 
C) urinary incontinence. 
D) hyperactivity. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) heart failure. 
B) high blood pressure. 
C) urinary incontinence. 
D) hyperactivity. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about adrenergic receptors is true?

Accepted Answer

A) They are G proteins. 
B) When activated,cAMP levels are affected. 
C) Epinephrine activates both alpha and beta types. 
D) Norepinephrine activates both alpha and beta types. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) They are G proteins. 
B) When activated,cAMP levels are affected. 
C) Epinephrine activates both alpha and beta types. 
D) Norepinephrine activates both alpha and beta types. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 13

Based on stimulation studies,the "headquarters" of the reticular activating system appears to be based in the

Accepted Answer

A) medulla. 
B) pons. 
C) midbrain. 
D) diencephalon. 
E) cerebrum. 
A) medulla. 
B) pons. 
C) midbrain. 
D) diencephalon. 
E) cerebrum.

Question 14

Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within

Accepted Answer

A) intramural ganglia. 
B) collateral ganglia. 
C) sympathetic chain ganglia. 
D) suprarenal ganglia. 
E) white rami. 
A) intramural ganglia. 
B) collateral ganglia. 
C) sympathetic chain ganglia. 
D) suprarenal ganglia. 
E) white rami.

Question 15

The level of tonic activity of autonomic neurons determines the ________ of an individual.

Accepted Answer

A) isotonic tone 
B) clonic activity 
C) autonomic tone 
D) nervous function 
E) action potentials 
A) isotonic tone 
B) clonic activity 
C) autonomic tone 
D) nervous function 
E) action potentials

Question 16

After arousal by a sensory stimulus,consciousness can be maintained by positive feedback,because of activity in the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebral cortex. 
B) basal nuclei. 
C) sensory pathways. 
D) motor pathways. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) cerebral cortex. 
B) basal nuclei. 
C) sensory pathways. 
D) motor pathways. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 17

Which of the following visceral reflexes is not coordinated by the medulla oblongata?

Accepted Answer

A) swallowing reflex 
B) vasomotor reflex 
C) coughing reflex 
D) cardioacceleratory reflex 
E) pupillary reflex 
A) swallowing reflex 
B) vasomotor reflex 
C) coughing reflex 
D) cardioacceleratory reflex 
E) pupillary reflex

Question 18

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia.

Accepted Answer

A) intramural 
B) collateral 
C) chain 
D) prevertebral 
E) suprarenal 
A) intramural 
B) collateral 
C) chain 
D) prevertebral 
E) suprarenal

Question 19

Postganglionic fibers release neurotransmitter on peripheral effectors

Accepted Answer

A) at distinct synapses. 
B) at pearl-like swellings called varicosities. 
C) into capillaries within the target organ. 
D) at the end plates. 
E) at sympathetic chain ganglia. 
A) at distinct synapses. 
B) at pearl-like swellings called varicosities. 
C) into capillaries within the target organ. 
D) at the end plates. 
E) at sympathetic chain ganglia.

Question 20

The ________ nervous system stimulates the arrector pili muscles and gives you "goosebumps."

Accepted Answer

A) parasympathetic 
B) afferent 
C) dorsal 
D) sympathetic 
E) somatic 
A) parasympathetic 
B) afferent 
C) dorsal 
D) sympathetic 
E) somatic

Exam 16: The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false?

A neuron with nicotinic receptors is exposed to acetylcholine.This will lead to

Sympathomimetic drugs might be used to

Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the

Stimulation of the neurons in the celiac ganglion would lead to

Which of the following provides preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to structures in the neck and in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Drugs that have effects similar to those of sympathetic activation are called sympathomimetic drugs.Which of the following would you not expect to observe in a person who has taken a sympathomimetic drug?

Conversion of a short-term memory to a long-term memory is called

Damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve would likely cause

The sympathetic division is also called the ________ division.

Parasympathetic blocking agents can be useful in treating

Which of the following statements about adrenergic receptors is true?

Based on stimulation studies,the "headquarters" of the reticular activating system appears to be based in the

Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within

The level of tonic activity of autonomic neurons determines the ________ of an individual.

After arousal by a sensory stimulus,consciousness can be maintained by positive feedback,because of activity in the

Which of the following visceral reflexes is not coordinated by the medulla oblongata?

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia.

Postganglionic fibers release neurotransmitter on peripheral effectors

The ________ nervous system stimulates the arrector pili muscles and gives you "goosebumps."

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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