Question 1

In her research on natural categories,Rosch found that

Accepted Answer

A) different subjects generally agree on which objects are included in a category and which are not 
B) subjects' reaction times to identify some category members are faster than others 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) different subjects generally agree on which objects are included in a category and which are not 
B) subjects' reaction times to identify some category members are faster than others 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b C

Question 2

Which of the following response rules is consistent with the absolute theory of stimulus control-

Accepted Answer

A) choose the greener of the two stimuli 
B) of the three stimuli,choose the one of intermediate brightness 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) choose the greener of the two stimuli 
B) of the three stimuli,choose the one of intermediate brightness 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b D

Question 3

Experiments on learning sets have shown that

Accepted Answer

A) animals cannot generalize from one problem to another if the stimuli of the two problems are completely unrelated 
B) animals can learn to pay attention to a certain stimulus dimension,such as color 
C) animals can learn to ignore a certain stimulus dimension,such as color 
D) some species acquire learning sets much more quickly than others 
A) animals cannot generalize from one problem to another if the stimuli of the two problems are completely unrelated 
B) animals can learn to pay attention to a certain stimulus dimension,such as color 
C) animals can learn to ignore a certain stimulus dimension,such as color 
D) some species acquire learning sets much more quickly than others D

Question 4

Pavlov believed that generalization was

Accepted Answer

A) an automatic by-product of the conditioning process 
B) dependent on discrimination training along the relevant dimension 
C) partly a and partly b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) an automatic by-product of the conditioning process 
B) dependent on discrimination training along the relevant dimension 
C) partly a and partly b 
D) neither a nor b

Question 5

Spence's theory of stimulus control states that during discrimination training

Accepted Answer

A) an excitatory generalization gradient develops around the S⁺ 
B) an inhibitory generalization gradient develops around the S 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) an excitatory generalization gradient develops around the S⁺ 
B) an inhibitory generalization gradient develops around the S 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b

Question 6

Rosch concluded from her experiments that natural categories

Accepted Answer

A) include central and peripheral instances 
B) have distinct boundaries 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) include central and peripheral instances 
B) have distinct boundaries 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b

Question 7

If a woman's insomnia is due to poor stimulus control,she should

Accepted Answer

A) always remain in bed until she falls asleep,no matter how long it takes 
B) lie in bed and read or engage in some other behavior that takes her mind off her problems 
C) not get into bed until she is sleepy 
D) all of the above 
A) always remain in bed until she falls asleep,no matter how long it takes 
B) lie in bed and read or engage in some other behavior that takes her mind off her problems 
C) not get into bed until she is sleepy 
D) all of the above

Question 8

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received intradimensional training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S⁺ and a 950 Hz tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

Accepted Answer

A) typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz 
B) extremely narrow generalization gradients 
C) flat generalization gradients 
D) no generalization to other tones 
A) typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz 
B) extremely narrow generalization gradients 
C) flat generalization gradients 
D) no generalization to other tones

Question 9

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received presence-absence training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S⁺ and the absence of a tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

Accepted Answer

A) typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz 
B) extremely narrow generalization gradients 
C) flat generalization gradients 
D) no generalization to other tones 
A) typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz 
B) extremely narrow generalization gradients 
C) flat generalization gradients 
D) no generalization to other tones

Question 10

The phenomenon of peak shift is sometimes observed in

Accepted Answer

A) successive discrimination tasks 
B) simultaneous discrimination tasks 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) successive discrimination tasks 
B) simultaneous discrimination tasks 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b

Question 11

Which of the following response rules is consistent with the relational theory of stimulus control-

Accepted Answer

A) choose the greener of the two stimuli 
B) of the three stimuli,choose the one of intermediate brightness 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) choose the greener of the two stimuli 
B) of the three stimuli,choose the one of intermediate brightness 
C) both a and b 
D) neither a nor b

Question 12

Based on Terrace's research on "errorless" discrimination learning,
Which of the following strategies is not a good way to develop good discrimination between an S⁺ and an S--

Accepted Answer

A) present the S- briefly at first 
B) allow the animal to make many responses to the S- early in training 
C) present the S- early in training 
D) None of the above are good strategies. 
A) present the S- briefly at first 
B) allow the animal to make many responses to the S- early in training 
C) present the S- early in training 
D) None of the above are good strategies.

Question 13

Experiments on sensory deprivation have shown that if birds are prevented from seeing different colors when they are young,

Accepted Answer

A) the birds are color blind as adults 
B) the birds can still see different colors but respond to all of them in the same way 
C) the birds may still discriminate between different colors in a generalization test 
D) the birds will discriminate between different colors in a generalization test only after they receive discrimination training 
A) the birds are color blind as adults 
B) the birds can still see different colors but respond to all of them in the same way 
C) the birds may still discriminate between different colors in a generalization test 
D) the birds will discriminate between different colors in a generalization test only after they receive discrimination training

Question 14

Treating the number "8" and the word "eight" as the same mathematical concept is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a learning set 
B) generalization 
C) stimulus equivalence 
D) absolute stimulus control 
A) a learning set 
B) generalization 
C) stimulus equivalence 
D) absolute stimulus control

Question 15

Results of experiments on the intermediate-size problem

Accepted Answer

A) clearly favor the absolute theory of stimulus control 
B) clearly favor the relational theory of stimulus control 
C) do not clearly favor either theory 
D) only favor the absolute position if one takes into account Spence's theory of inhibitory gradients 
A) clearly favor the absolute theory of stimulus control 
B) clearly favor the relational theory of stimulus control 
C) do not clearly favor either theory 
D) only favor the absolute position if one takes into account Spence's theory of inhibitory gradients

Question 16

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received nondifferential training with a 1000 Hz tone--the same tone was present on every trial.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

Accepted Answer

A) typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz 
B) extremely narrow generalization gradients 
C) flat generalization gradients 
D) no generalization to other tones 
A) typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz 
B) extremely narrow generalization gradients 
C) flat generalization gradients 
D) no generalization to other tones

Question 17

According to the theory of Lashley and Wade,generalization is

Accepted Answer

A) an automatic by-product of the conditioning process 
B) dependent on discrimination training along the relevant dimension 
C) partly a and partly b 
D) neither a nor b 
A) an automatic by-product of the conditioning process 
B) dependent on discrimination training along the relevant dimension 
C) partly a and partly b 
D) neither a nor b

Question 18

Experiments on stimulus equivalence are different than other research on concept formation because

Accepted Answer

A) the members of each "category" are not similar in form,color,or any other attribute 
B) subjects know the "categories" before the experiment begins 
C) subjects who cannot speak actually perform better than those who can 
D) the "categories" are those found in the natural world 
A) the members of each "category" are not similar in form,color,or any other attribute 
B) subjects know the "categories" before the experiment begins 
C) subjects who cannot speak actually perform better than those who can 
D) the "categories" are those found in the natural world

Question 19

In deciding whether an ostrich is a bird,a child would probably

Accepted Answer

A) respond faster than if the question was whether a robin is a bird 
B) respond slower than if the question was whether a robin is a bird 
C) treat the example of ostrich as a central instance 
D) have a distinct mental boundary between birds and non-birds 
A) respond faster than if the question was whether a robin is a bird 
B) respond slower than if the question was whether a robin is a bird 
C) treat the example of ostrich as a central instance 
D) have a distinct mental boundary between birds and non-birds

Question 20

The phenomenon of peak shift,the most rapid responding is shifted

Accepted Answer

A) toward the more intense stimulus 
B) away from the more intense stimulus 
C) toward the S⁻ 
D) away from the S⁻ 
A) toward the more intense stimulus 
B) away from the more intense stimulus 
C) toward the S⁻ 
D) away from the S⁻

In her research on natural categories,Rosch found that

Which of the following response rules is consistent with the absolute theory of stimulus control-

Experiments on learning sets have shown that

Pavlov believed that generalization was

Spence's theory of stimulus control states that during discrimination training

Rosch concluded from her experiments that natural categories

If a woman's insomnia is due to poor stimulus control,she should

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received intradimensional training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S⁺ and a 950 Hz tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received presence-absence training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S⁺ and the absence of a tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

The phenomenon of peak shift is sometimes observed in

Which of the following response rules is consistent with the relational theory of stimulus control-

Based on Terrace's research on "errorless" discrimination learning, Which of the following strategies is not a good way to develop good discrimination between an S⁺ and an S--

Experiments on sensory deprivation have shown that if birds are prevented from seeing different colors when they are young,

Treating the number "8" and the word "eight" as the same mathematical concept is an example of

Results of experiments on the intermediate-size problem

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received nondifferential training with a 1000 Hz tone--the same tone was present on every trial.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

According to the theory of Lashley and Wade,generalization is

Experiments on stimulus equivalence are different than other research on concept formation because

In deciding whether an ostrich is a bird,a child would probably

The phenomenon of peak shift,the most rapid responding is shifted

History, background, and Basic Concepts

Innate Behavior Patterns and Habituation

Basic Principles of Classical Conditioning

Theories and Research on Classical Conditioning

Basic Principles of Operant Conditioning

Reinforcement Schedules: Experimental Analyses and Applications

Avoidance and Punishment

Theories and Research on Operant Conditioning

Comparative Cognition

Learning by Observation

Learning Motor Skills

Choice

Filters

Exam 9: Stimulus Control and Concept Learning

In her research on natural categories,Rosch found that

Which of the following response rules is consistent with the absolute theory of stimulus control-

Experiments on learning sets have shown that

Pavlov believed that generalization was

Spence's theory of stimulus control states that during discrimination training

Rosch concluded from her experiments that natural categories

If a woman's insomnia is due to poor stimulus control,she should

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received intradimensional training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S⁺ and a 950 Hz tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received presence-absence training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S⁺ and the absence of a tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

The phenomenon of peak shift is sometimes observed in

Which of the following response rules is consistent with the relational theory of stimulus control-

Based on Terrace's research on "errorless" discrimination learning, Which of the following strategies is not a good way to develop good discrimination between an S⁺ and an S--

Experiments on sensory deprivation have shown that if birds are prevented from seeing different colors when they are young,

Treating the number "8" and the word "eight" as the same mathematical concept is an example of

Results of experiments on the intermediate-size problem

In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received nondifferential training with a 1000 Hz tone--the same tone was present on every trial.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced

According to the theory of Lashley and Wade,generalization is

Experiments on stimulus equivalence are different than other research on concept formation because

In deciding whether an ostrich is a bird,a child would probably

The phenomenon of peak shift,the most rapid responding is shifted

History, background, and Basic Concepts

Innate Behavior Patterns and Habituation

Basic Principles of Classical Conditioning

Theories and Research on Classical Conditioning

Basic Principles of Operant Conditioning

Reinforcement Schedules: Experimental Analyses and Applications

Avoidance and Punishment

Theories and Research on Operant Conditioning

Comparative Cognition

Learning by Observation

Learning Motor Skills

Choice

Filters