Exam 9: Peers and Delinquency

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According to some researchers, gangs can be categorized by their dominant activity.Explain Fagan's four categories of gangs.Do you think these categories to be sufficient or would you add an additional type of gang? Explain.

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-Social gang. Involved in few delinquent activities and little drug use other than alcohol and marijuana. Members are more interested in social activities.
-Party gang. Concentrates on drug use and sales but forgoes most delinquent behavior. Drug sales are designed to finance members' personal drug use.
-Serious delinquent gang. Engages in serious delinquent behavior while avoiding drug dealing and usage. Drugs are used only on social occasions.
-Organized gang. Heavily involved in criminality. Drug use and sales are related to other criminal acts. Gang violence is used to establish control over drug sale territories. This gang is on the verge of becoming a formal criminal organization.

_____ pairs one probation officer with two police officers to make surprise visits to the homes, schools, and worksites of high-risk youth probationers during the nontraditional hours of 7 P.M.to midnight.

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The federal government sponsors the _____ to measure gang activity within the United Sates.

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Research conducted by the National Gang Crime Research Center indicates most youths join their first gang at age _____.

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Discuss the anomie/alienation view of why youth join gangs.Do you agree or disagree with this theory? Explain.

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Today, about _____ law enforcement agencies with a gang problem operate a gang unit, including more than half of larger cities.

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Asian gangs tend to far less territorial and less openly visible than other ethnically centered groups.

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Explain Thrasher's, Klein's, and Miller's definitions of gangs.Discuss their similarities or differences.

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The three largest African-American gangs are _____, _____, and _____.

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The _____ view of gang membership suggests that gangs appeal to adolescents' longing for the tribal process that sustained their ancestors.

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Gangs are a uniquely American phenomenon and do not exist outside the U.S.

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According to the text, it is possible that romantic love discourages offending by _____.

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It is more common to have female membership in predominately male gangs than to have single-sex, female only gangs.

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According to control theory approach, articulated by Travis Hirschi, delinquents are very attached to their peers.

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_____ was a problem-oriented policing approach that was developed as part of the Youth Violence Strike Force in Boston.

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According to the text, groups of youths who collectively engage in delinquent behavior are called _____.

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According to the _____ view of gang membership, kids join gangs for protection, fun, survival, and to enhance their lifestyle.

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Discuss the relationship between peer relations and delinquency.Explain your view on the research in this area.

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Frederick Thrasher coined the term _____, to describe a group that fills a crack in the social fabric and maintains standard group practices.

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According to Jeffrey Fagan, this gang concentrates on drug use and sales, forgoing most Delinquent behavior except vandalism.

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