Question 1

Henry Beecher,writing in 1966,stated that medical journals

Accepted Answer

A)  needed to pay more attention to psychological research. 
B)  adequately screened out proposed articles that relied on unethical methods. 
C)  sometimes published articles that relied on unethical research methods. 
D)  routinely ignored reviewers who raised questions about research ethics. 
E)  needed to pay more attention to sociological research. 
A)  needed to pay more attention to psychological research. 
B)  adequately screened out proposed articles that relied on unethical methods. 
C)  sometimes published articles that relied on unethical research methods. 
D)  routinely ignored reviewers who raised questions about research ethics. 
E)  needed to pay more attention to sociological research. C

Question 2

The Nuremberg Code

Accepted Answer

A)  is a set of principles adopted by Nazi doctors. 
B)  is a set of principles regarding the ethics of human experimentation. 
C)  was used by the Nazis to hide news of their actions from other Germans. 
D)  was the first effort to break the DNA code. 
E)  was developed during the 1920s. 
A)  is a set of principles adopted by Nazi doctors. 
B)  is a set of principles regarding the ethics of human experimentation. 
C)  was used by the Nazis to hide news of their actions from other Germans. 
D)  was the first effort to break the DNA code. 
E)  was developed during the 1920s. B

Question 3

Research suggests that doctors can assert their decisions in clinical practice by

Accepted Answer

A)  making decisions without asking the family first. 
B)  ignoring the family's stated wishes. 
C)  shaping the family's wishes through the information they provide. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  a and b only 
A)  making decisions without asking the family first. 
B)  ignoring the family's stated wishes. 
C)  shaping the family's wishes through the information they provide. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  a and b only D

Question 4

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study lasted for about

Accepted Answer

A)  three years. 
B)  five years. 
C)  ten years. 
D)  forty years. 
E)  seventy years. 
A)  three years. 
B)  five years. 
C)  ten years. 
D)  forty years. 
E)  seventy years.

Question 5

Researchers in the Willowbrook study obtained

Accepted Answer

A)  fully voluntary consent from the parents of their subjects. 
B)  fully informed consent from the parents of their subjects. 
C)  consent from the parents of their subjects, but that consent was neither informed nor voluntary. 
D)  no consent of any sort from the parents of their subjects. 
E)  consent from their subjects directly. 
A)  fully voluntary consent from the parents of their subjects. 
B)  fully informed consent from the parents of their subjects. 
C)  consent from the parents of their subjects, but that consent was neither informed nor voluntary. 
D)  no consent of any sort from the parents of their subjects. 
E)  consent from their subjects directly.

Question 6

The purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to investigate

Accepted Answer

A)  which treatments worked best for syphilis. 
B)  which men were most likely to become infected with syphilis. 
C)  whether blacks were more likely than whites to become infected with syphilis. 
D)  whether some treatments for syphilis worked better with whites than with blacks. 
E)  the long-term effects of untreated syphilis in African-American men. 
A)  which treatments worked best for syphilis. 
B)  which men were most likely to become infected with syphilis. 
C)  whether blacks were more likely than whites to become infected with syphilis. 
D)  whether some treatments for syphilis worked better with whites than with blacks. 
E)  the long-term effects of untreated syphilis in African-American men.

Question 7

The Karen Quinlan case demonstrated the problems caused when doctors

Accepted Answer

A)  extend life without regard to the quality of that life. 
B)  perform organ transplants. 
C)  perform kidney dialysis. 
D)  genetically alter fetuses. 
E)  transfer patients from hospitals to nursing homes. 
A)  extend life without regard to the quality of that life. 
B)  perform organ transplants. 
C)  perform kidney dialysis. 
D)  genetically alter fetuses. 
E)  transfer patients from hospitals to nursing homes.

Question 8

Why should sociologists concern themselves with bioethical issues? Why should bioethicists study sociology?

Accepted Answer

Sociologists should concern themselves w

Question 9

Hospital ethics committees

Accepted Answer

A)  now exist at about 10 percent of US hospitals. 
B)  offered legal protection to doctors who performed abortions before it was legalized. 
C)  now focus primarily on the ethics of medical research. 
D)  have essentially replaced the use of individual ethics consultants. 
E)  now focus primarily on abortion decisions. 
A)  now exist at about 10 percent of US hospitals. 
B)  offered legal protection to doctors who performed abortions before it was legalized. 
C)  now focus primarily on the ethics of medical research. 
D)  have essentially replaced the use of individual ethics consultants. 
E)  now focus primarily on abortion decisions.

Question 10

Research on the impact of the bioethics movement suggests that doctors

Accepted Answer

A)  have changed how they make decisions about patient care but not how they document those decisions. 
B)  are now less likely than in the past to tell patients that they have cancer. 
C)  have become more committed to incorporating ethical principles into their work. 
D)  still can assert their discretion over patient care, even when they cannot enforce their decisions. 
E)  routinely fight hard against hospital bureaucrats in order to practice ethically. 
A)  have changed how they make decisions about patient care but not how they document those decisions. 
B)  are now less likely than in the past to tell patients that they have cancer. 
C)  have become more committed to incorporating ethical principles into their work. 
D)  still can assert their discretion over patient care, even when they cannot enforce their decisions. 
E)  routinely fight hard against hospital bureaucrats in order to practice ethically.

Question 11

The adoption of bioethical guidelines has led to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clinicians who focus more on documenting their compliance with guidelines than on following the spirit of those guidelines. 
B)  Ethics review boards that focus primarily on reducing law suits. 
C)  Significant reduction in the worst sorts of abuses of human subjects. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  Clinicians who focus more on documenting their compliance with guidelines than on following the spirit of those guidelines. 
B)  Ethics review boards that focus primarily on reducing law suits. 
C)  Significant reduction in the worst sorts of abuses of human subjects. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 12

In the Baby Doe case,

Accepted Answer

A)  doctors performed surgery unlikely to improve the baby's quality of life. 
B)  parents forced the doctors to perform surgery that the doctors considered unwarranted. 
C)  the baby died after its parents refused to authorize potentially life-saving surgery. 
D)  doctors demanded federal funding for performing surgery on a retarded baby. 
E)  lawyers forced parents to comply with their doctors' decisions regarding their baby's care. 
A)  doctors performed surgery unlikely to improve the baby's quality of life. 
B)  parents forced the doctors to perform surgery that the doctors considered unwarranted. 
C)  the baby died after its parents refused to authorize potentially life-saving surgery. 
D)  doctors demanded federal funding for performing surgery on a retarded baby. 
E)  lawyers forced parents to comply with their doctors' decisions regarding their baby's care.

Question 13

In the study conducted at the Willowbrook State School,doctors

Accepted Answer

A)  purposely infected children with hepatitis. 
B)  treated children who had hepatitis. 
C)  intervened to improve the horrendous conditions in which children were living. 
D)  cut short their experiment once they realized hepatitis could be cured with new drugs. 
E)  found a cure for hepatitis through unethical methods. 
A)  purposely infected children with hepatitis. 
B)  treated children who had hepatitis. 
C)  intervened to improve the horrendous conditions in which children were living. 
D)  cut short their experiment once they realized hepatitis could be cured with new drugs. 
E)  found a cure for hepatitis through unethical methods.

Question 14

Researchers for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Accepted Answer

A)  purposely infected black men with syphilis. 
B)  enlisted the support of local doctors to ensure that their subjects would not receive treatment for syphilis. 
C)  received no government funding for their work. 
D)  were forced to stop the study after five years. 
E)  followed the guidelines laid out in established codes of research ethics. 
A)  purposely infected black men with syphilis. 
B)  enlisted the support of local doctors to ensure that their subjects would not receive treatment for syphilis. 
C)  received no government funding for their work. 
D)  were forced to stop the study after five years. 
E)  followed the guidelines laid out in established codes of research ethics.

Question 15

The effectiveness of commercial Institutional Review Boards is limited by

Accepted Answer

A)  conflicts of interest. 
B)  insufficient federal oversight. 
C)  managed care regulations. 
D)  their reliance on career bureaucrats. 
E)  heavy-handed federal oversight committees. 
A)  conflicts of interest. 
B)  insufficient federal oversight. 
C)  managed care regulations. 
D)  their reliance on career bureaucrats. 
E)  heavy-handed federal oversight committees.

Question 16

The "Baby Fae" case shows that

Accepted Answer

A)  the establishment of research ethics boards by itself cannot prevent unethical research practices. 
B)  animal-to-human organ transplants are feasible. 
C)  parents may not have their babies' best interests in mind when they make medical decisions. 
D)  doctors discriminate against disabled infants. 
E)  euthanasia of seriously disabled infants should be considered seriously. 
A)  the establishment of research ethics boards by itself cannot prevent unethical research practices. 
B)  animal-to-human organ transplants are feasible. 
C)  parents may not have their babies' best interests in mind when they make medical decisions. 
D)  doctors discriminate against disabled infants. 
E)  euthanasia of seriously disabled infants should be considered seriously.

Question 17

Under the Nazi government,

Accepted Answer

A)  doctors sterilized persons considered genetically inferior. 
B)  the marriage of persons with certain diseases was prohibited. 
C)  doctors supervised the killings of state mental hospital patients. 
D)  doctors decided which concentration camp inmates would be killed immediately. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  doctors sterilized persons considered genetically inferior. 
B)  the marriage of persons with certain diseases was prohibited. 
C)  doctors supervised the killings of state mental hospital patients. 
D)  doctors decided which concentration camp inmates would be killed immediately. 
E)  all of the above

Question 18

During the 1960s,hospital selection committees

Accepted Answer

A)  typically decided who would receive kidney dialysis based solely on medical criteria. 
B)  typically decided who would receive kidney dialysis based in part on social criteria. 
C)  typically decided who would receive kidney dialysis based solely on age. 
D)  were abolished by most hospitals. 
E)  were declared legal, but nonetheless fell into disuse. 
A)  typically decided who would receive kidney dialysis based solely on medical criteria. 
B)  typically decided who would receive kidney dialysis based in part on social criteria. 
C)  typically decided who would receive kidney dialysis based solely on age. 
D)  were abolished by most hospitals. 
E)  were declared legal, but nonetheless fell into disuse.

Question 19

Which state's health care system extended coverage to poor residents by deciding in advance that it would not fund certain health care procedures?

Accepted Answer

A)  California 
B)  Hawaii 
C)  Oregon 
D)  Arizona 
E)  Alaska 
A)  California 
B)  Hawaii 
C)  Oregon 
D)  Arizona 
E)  Alaska

Question 20

"Cosmetic psychopharmacology" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of drugs to give individuals advantages over others. 
B)  the continued use of drugs that have been proven ineffective. 
C)  the use of non-prescription drugs by patients. 
D)  the use of drugs by individuals disfigured by burns. 
E)  the use of drugs by the "genetic underclass." 
A)  the use of drugs to give individuals advantages over others. 
B)  the continued use of drugs that have been proven ineffective. 
C)  the use of non-prescription drugs by patients. 
D)  the use of drugs by individuals disfigured by burns. 
E)  the use of drugs by the "genetic underclass."

Henry Beecher,writing in 1966,stated that medical journals

The Nuremberg Code

Research suggests that doctors can assert their decisions in clinical practice by

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study lasted for about

Researchers in the Willowbrook study obtained

The purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to investigate

The Karen Quinlan case demonstrated the problems caused when doctors

Why should sociologists concern themselves with bioethical issues? Why should bioethicists study sociology?

Hospital ethics committees

Research on the impact of the bioethics movement suggests that doctors

The adoption of bioethical guidelines has led to which of the following?

In the Baby Doe case,

In the study conducted at the Willowbrook State School,doctors

Researchers for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

The effectiveness of commercial Institutional Review Boards is limited by

The "Baby Fae" case shows that

Under the Nazi government,

During the 1960s,hospital selection committees

Which state's health care system extended coverage to poor residents by deciding in advance that it would not fund certain health care procedures?

"Cosmetic psychopharmacology" refers to

The Sociology of Health,Illness, and Health Care

The Social Sources of Illness

The Social Distribution of Illness in the United States

Illness and Death in the Less Developed Nations

The Social Meanings of Illness

The Experience of Disability, Chronic Pain, and Chronic Illness

The Sociology of Mental Illness

Health Care in the United States

Health Care Around the Globe

Health Care Settings and Technologies

The Profession of Medicine

Other Mainstream and Alternative Health Care Providers

Filters

Exam 13: Issues in Bioethics

Henry Beecher,writing in 1966,stated that medical journals

The Nuremberg Code

Research suggests that doctors can assert their decisions in clinical practice by

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study lasted for about

Researchers in the Willowbrook study obtained

The purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to investigate

The Karen Quinlan case demonstrated the problems caused when doctors

Why should sociologists concern themselves with bioethical issues? Why should bioethicists study sociology?

Hospital ethics committees

Research on the impact of the bioethics movement suggests that doctors

The adoption of bioethical guidelines has led to which of the following?

In the Baby Doe case,

In the study conducted at the Willowbrook State School,doctors

Researchers for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

The effectiveness of commercial Institutional Review Boards is limited by

The "Baby Fae" case shows that

Under the Nazi government,

During the 1960s,hospital selection committees

Which state's health care system extended coverage to poor residents by deciding in advance that it would not fund certain health care procedures?

"Cosmetic psychopharmacology" refers to

The Sociology of Health,Illness, and Health Care

The Social Sources of Illness

The Social Distribution of Illness in the United States

Illness and Death in the Less Developed Nations

The Social Meanings of Illness

The Experience of Disability, Chronic Pain, and Chronic Illness

The Sociology of Mental Illness

Health Care in the United States

Health Care Around the Globe

Health Care Settings and Technologies

The Profession of Medicine

Other Mainstream and Alternative Health Care Providers

Filters