Exam 2: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

The value of the membrane potential to which an axon must be depolarized to initiate an action potential is called the ________ potential for that neuron.

Communication between two neurons is always achieved through chemical, and not electrical, mechanisms.

The most caudal lobe of the cerebral cortex is the ________ lobe.

Which of the following statements best describes the immediate consequence of neurotransmitter molecules binding to ligand-gated ion channel receptors?

The volume of cortex that is not sensory or motor has traditionally been termed ________ cortex.

The dorsal portions of the gray matter in the spinal cord carry

At the resting state, a higher concentration of ________ is found outside a neuron and a higher concentration of ________ is found inside a neuron.

Histological methods have been used to classify the cerebral cortex into different cytoarchitectonic divisions, such as the Brodmann areas. Can we predict the function of a brain region based on cytoarchitectonics? Why or why not?

Injury to the hypothalamus would most likely interfere with

The hippocampus is considered part of the neocortex.

All of the structures listed here are major components of the basal ganglia EXCEPT the

The morphology of the brain of Albert Einstein revealed an unusual Sylvian fissure, the division that separates the _______ lobe from the ________ lobes.

The term concentration gradient refers to a difference in the

A patient recently suffered a traumatic blow to the head. She reports that she is having social difficulties, such as adding inappropriate comments to conversations. She cannot seem to control these outbursts. Which area of her cortex is most likely affected?

As a result of a brain injury to this diencephalic structure, a patient is experiencing disruptions in maintaining homeostasis of bodily states and endocrine control.

Describe the structure, and explain the function, of three types of glial cells.

A patient reports that she is functionally blind after a focal brain injury, even though her eyes and optic nerves are completely intact. Of the structures listed here, the most probable location for the brain injury is the

The effect of a particular neurotransmitter on postsynaptic neurons

If you were to insert a microelectrode through the cell membrane of a neuron, you would be able to demonstrate that

The primary visual cortex, or V1, is located in