Exam 2: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

The corpus callosum

The cell body of a neuron contains the same machinery found in most cells, including a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria.

What are the major differences between electrotonic conduction and the action potential? Describe how these two processes play out in neural transmission.

Of the following choices, the most anterior portion of the frontal lobes-the prefrontal cortex-is most critical to

This brain structure is often called the gateway to the cortex because almost all sensory inputs synapse here before continuing to their primary cortical sensory areas.

The neocortex contains ______ cortical layers, with ________ typically being the input layer.

The amplitude of an action potential is directly proportional to the size of the initial depolarization that produced it.

The brainstem includes all of the following components EXCEPT the

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced in the lateral and third ventricles by the

Which of the following statements regarding the prenatal development of the human nervous system is correct?

Sulci are the protruding rounded surfaces of the cortex, and gyri are the fissures and invaginations between the sulci.

The term cytoarchitectonics refers to

Describe the events following the fertilization of an egg that pertain to the development of the nervous system. In your answer, name the three main types of cell lines found in the blastula and describe what parts of the organism these cells become.

Two main types of projections extend from the cell body of a neuron. ________ receive inputs from other neurons, while ________ send information to other neurons.

The nodes of Ranvier are

The ___________________ is a system of structures that includes the ____________. This system has been implicated in_____________________.

The ease with which a cell membrane will permit ions to cross is referred to as

Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action potential. In your answer, describe the movement of Na⁺ ions and K⁺ ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in electrical potential.

The ___________, which is comprised of _________, restricts the diffusion of certain molecules and microbes from the circulatory system, protecting the brain from chemical compounds that might otherwise interfere with neuronal activity.

The thick outer membrane that encloses the brain within the skull is the