Exam 8: B: Language and Thought

What is the system of rules that specifies how words can be arranged into sentences in a language?

Even though he knows only a small percentage of high school athletes go on to professional careers, Charlie believes that he will be drafted by a good Junior team, play for Team Canada in the World Juniors Championship, and then have a career in the NHL. What is Charlie doing?

When your psychology professor used the word "experiment" to refer to the scientific method described in Chapter 2, which property of language was reflected by the term "experiment"?

Seven-year-old Thalia told her mother that the boys playing tag outside were "chasing each other around like puppies." What is reflected in Thalia's use of the metaphor?

The vocabulary and style of communication used by Washoe, the chimp who was raised by researchers to use sign language, was sufficient for some basic communication with humans. Which of the following children would have a communication level that is similar to that of Washoe?

People often find it difficult to solve a problem by using a familiar object in a novel way. What is this called?

When did the cognitive revolution in psychology occur?

Max is using a consumer buying guide to help him decide which cars would be good to buy. Max decides not to buy any car with a mechanical reliability rating of less than six, a crash rating of less than seven, a leg-room rating of less than five, and a fuel efficiency rating of less than six. Which strategy is Max using?

Which of the following is an example of the statement that 'language is symbolic'?

Your Dad has a problem; what to get your Mom for her birthday. He mentally reviews her reaction to presents he has given her in the past (an iron, a toaster, an ice cream maker). If he decides to get her a cappuccino machine because she seemed to like a "luxury" appliance like the ice cream maker more than the "routine" or necessary appliances like the toaster, your Dad would be making use of which approach to problem solving?

When the boy doesn't realize that the word "book" applies to more than just his book, what is this error called?

What conclusion was drawn from the Featured Study on Babbling in the Manual Mode?

What is the term used to describe people who rely on internal frames of reference when orienting themselves in space, and who also tend to analyze and try to restructure the physical environment rather than accepting it as it is?

People tend to put too much faith in their own estimates and beliefs. What is this tendency called?

Barriers to effective problem solving, such as functional fixedness and mental sets, best reflect which unifying theme in psychology?

In the Featured Study on Babbling in the Manual Mode, Petitto and Marentette examined the development of language production in deaf infants. When comparing deaf infants to hearing infants, what did the researchers find?

Imagine you have a problem to solve that has some similarities to problems you have previously solved. If focusing on the similarities leads you relatively quickly to a solution, then which heuristic do you benefit from?

Which of the following is an example of the statement that 'language is generative'?

Which aspect of human language suggests that language is an innate human characteristic?

What is typically included in telegraphic speech?