Exam 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

 The basal ganglia, substantia nigra, and red nucleus are important for which of the following functions?

 A lymphatic system was discovered recently in which part of the nervous system?

 The first animals with simple nerve nets probably evolved about _________ years ago.

 Agriculture, urbanization, and literacy appear to have produced _________ in human brain size.

 The autonomic nervous system directly controls

 The release of hormones by the pituitary gland is regulated primarily by the

 Among chordates, early brains have _________ than later developing brains.

 What types of tissue protect the nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system?

 An anatomical section that divides the brain parallel to the midline and perpendicular to the ground is a ______ section.

 The nerve fibers originate in the cerebral cortex and control movement cross the midline just above the junction of the medulla and spinal cord. As a result, these fibers provide input to _________ structures of the body or structures that are on the _________ side of the midline as the cortical cells providing their motor input.

 The primary auditory cortex is located in the _________ lobes.

 When industrialization covered British trees with soot, moths with darker coloring became more numerous. When pollution was reduced again, lighter colored moths became more numerous. This situation illustrates the process of

 The ______ contributes to muscle coordination, muscle tone, balance, and some types of learning.

 The ____ is important in coordination of skilled movements.

 The region consisting of the head, neck, and arms is served by nerves exiting the _________ division of the spinal cord.

 All cranial nerves carry both sensory and motor information to and from the brain.

 A major evolutionary step was the process of cephalization (getting a head), with chordates having a single brain rather than a series of ganglia. What advantages does a brain confer to an animal that is not possible with ganglia?

 Lucy is experiencing problems with maintaining both her muscle tone and her balance. Her physician is likely to look for the source of her problems in the

 The parietal lobes are found rostral to the occipital lobes and posterior to the frontal lobes.

 The olfactory bulbs participate in the processing of which sensory modality?