Question 1

A DNA molecule is a double helix in which A pairs with C and T pairs with G.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

In adipose tissue, fat molecules form when fatty acid molecules and glycerol join by hydrolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration

Accepted Answer

A) break down glucose into 2 pyruvic acid molecules. 
B) occur in the absence of oxygen. 
C) transfer energy to ATP molecules. 
D) all of the answer choices are correct. 
A) break down glucose into 2 pyruvic acid molecules. 
B) occur in the absence of oxygen. 
C) transfer energy to ATP molecules. 
D) all of the answer choices are correct. D

Question 4

A molecule that carries energy in a form the cell can use is

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) glycogen. 
C) vitamin C. 
D) ATP. 
A) glucose. 
B) glycogen. 
C) vitamin C. 
D) ATP.

Question 5

If one strand of DNA has the sequence TCAGGCTATTCCCG, then the complementary sequence of the other strand is

Accepted Answer

A) AGUCCGAUAAGGGC. 
B) AGTCCGATAAGGGC. 
C) TCAGGCTATTCCCG. 
D) UCAGGCUAUUCCCG. 
A) AGUCCGAUAAGGGC. 
B) AGTCCGATAAGGGC. 
C) TCAGGCTATTCCCG. 
D) UCAGGCUAUUCCCG.

Question 6

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The genome consists of entirely protein-encoding genes. 
B) An amino acid encodes a gene. 
C) DNA has five types of nucleotide bases. 
D) Much of the genome does not encode proteins. 
A) The genome consists of entirely protein-encoding genes. 
B) An amino acid encodes a gene. 
C) DNA has five types of nucleotide bases. 
D) Much of the genome does not encode proteins.

Question 7

During DNA replication,

Accepted Answer

A) tRNAs bring specific amino acids to an mRNA molecule. 
B) two single strands of DNA come together, restoring complementary base pairing. 
C) amino acids are joined. 
D) the DNA double helix comes apart, and new nucleotides are brought in, forming two double helices. 
A) tRNAs bring specific amino acids to an mRNA molecule. 
B) two single strands of DNA come together, restoring complementary base pairing. 
C) amino acids are joined. 
D) the DNA double helix comes apart, and new nucleotides are brought in, forming two double helices.

Question 8

The basic steps of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction are

Accepted Answer

A) substrate and product combine, forming an S-P complex. The reaction occurs, enzymes are released, and the unchanged substrate is released and recycled. 
B) substrate and enzyme combine, forming an E-S complex. The reaction occurs, products are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled. 
C) substrate, enzyme, and product combine, forming an S-E-P complex. The reaction occurs, products are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled. 
D) enzyme and product combine, forming an E-P complex. The reaction reverses, enzymes are released, and the unchanged substrate is released and recycled. 
A) substrate and product combine, forming an S-P complex. The reaction occurs, enzymes are released, and the unchanged substrate is released and recycled. 
B) substrate and enzyme combine, forming an E-S complex. The reaction occurs, products are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled. 
C) substrate, enzyme, and product combine, forming an S-E-P complex. The reaction occurs, products are released, and the unchanged enzyme is released and recycled. 
D) enzyme and product combine, forming an E-P complex. The reaction reverses, enzymes are released, and the unchanged substrate is released and recycled.

Question 9

Some insecticides, such as chlorpyrifos, work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which normally breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Where does this insecticide most likely bind to inhibit the enzyme's activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Any location on the amino acid chain that forms the AChE enyzme 
B) A sequence of DNA nucleotides that encodes the AChE enzyme protein molecule 
C) It does not need to bind with the enzyme directly 
D) The part of an enzyme that combines with acetlycholine 
A) Any location on the amino acid chain that forms the AChE enyzme 
B) A sequence of DNA nucleotides that encodes the AChE enzyme protein molecule 
C) It does not need to bind with the enzyme directly 
D) The part of an enzyme that combines with acetlycholine

Question 10

In cellular respiration,

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria release glucose molecules. 
B) energy is released from molecules and is transferred to other molecules. 
C) cells breathe, or take in, O₂ and give off CO₂. 
D) energy is absorbed from glucose and is transferred to CO₂. 
A) mitochondria release glucose molecules. 
B) energy is released from molecules and is transferred to other molecules. 
C) cells breathe, or take in, O₂ and give off CO₂. 
D) energy is absorbed from glucose and is transferred to CO₂.

Question 11

The complete set of genetic instructions in an individual is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The complete set of genetic instructions in...

Question 12

A peptide bond forms between

Accepted Answer

A) a tRNA and an mRNA. 
B) adjacent amino acids. 
C) an mRNA and an rRNA. 
D) a gene and a protein. 
A) a tRNA and an mRNA. 
B) adjacent amino acids. 
C) an mRNA and an rRNA. 
D) a gene and a protein.

Question 13

All of the following are examples of catabolic reactions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) trypsin in the stomach digesting large proteins into smaller ones. 
B) amylase in saliva breaking down starch into simple sugars. 
C) the release of energy by converting ATP into ADP during a metabolic reaction. 
D) synthesizing the enzyme maltase from amino acids. 
A) trypsin in the stomach digesting large proteins into smaller ones. 
B) amylase in saliva breaking down starch into simple sugars. 
C) the release of energy by converting ATP into ADP during a metabolic reaction. 
D) synthesizing the enzyme maltase from amino acids.

Question 14

Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA, but not RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Uracil 
B) Thymine 
C) Guanine 
D) Cytosine 
A) Uracil 
B) Thymine 
C) Guanine 
D) Cytosine

Question 15

The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the ________ , whereas the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the  ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria with O₂ required; cytoplasm with O₂ required 
B) cytoplasm without O₂ required; cytoplasm with CO₂ required 
C) mitochondria without O₂ required; mitochondria with O₂ required 
D) cytoplasm without O₂ required; mitochondria with O₂ required 
A) mitochondria with O₂ required; cytoplasm with O₂ required 
B) cytoplasm without O₂ required; cytoplasm with CO₂ required 
C) mitochondria without O₂ required; mitochondria with O₂ required 
D) cytoplasm without O₂ required; mitochondria with O₂ required

Question 16

A mutation can cause disease if

Accepted Answer

A) the DNA sequence does not change. 
B) the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that affects the encoded protein's functioning. 
C) the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that does not alter the encoded protein's functioning. 
D) it attracts mutagens. 
A) the DNA sequence does not change. 
B) the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that affects the encoded protein's functioning. 
C) the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that does not alter the encoded protein's functioning. 
D) it attracts mutagens.

Question 17

A part of a gene that is a DNA sequence 333 nucleotides long encodes ________ amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) 333 
B) 111 
C) 999 
D) 444 
A) 333 
B) 111 
C) 999 
D) 444

Question 18

Each individual has her or his own genetic code.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Oxidation forms chemical bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A mutation may occur spontaneously or by exposure to a mutagen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

A DNA molecule is a double helix in which A pairs with C and T pairs with G.

In adipose tissue, fat molecules form when fatty acid molecules and glycerol join by hydrolysis.

Anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration

A molecule that carries energy in a form the cell can use is

If one strand of DNA has the sequence TCAGGCTATTCCCG, then the complementary sequence of the other strand is

Which of the following is true?

During DNA replication,

The basic steps of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction are

Some insecticides, such as chlorpyrifos, work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which normally breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Where does this insecticide most likely bind to inhibit the enzyme's activity?

In cellular respiration,

The complete set of genetic instructions in an individual is the ________.

A peptide bond forms between

All of the following are examples of catabolic reactions EXCEPT

Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA, but not RNA?

The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the ________ , whereas the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the ________.

A mutation can cause disease if

A part of a gene that is a DNA sequence 333 nucleotides long encodes ________ amino acids.

Each individual has her or his own genetic code.

Oxidation forms chemical bonds.

A mutation may occur spontaneously or by exposure to a mutagen.

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the , whereas the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the .