Question 1

Copying DNA information into an mRNA molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A) translation. 
B) synthesis. 
C) replication. 
D) transcription. 
A) translation. 
B) synthesis. 
C) replication. 
D) transcription.

Question 2

In DNA replication, the two strands of the double helix separate and enzymes place A, C, G, and U nucleotides opposite their complements, forming two double helices from one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Energy is defined as

Accepted Answer

A) something important for chemical reactions. 
B) the ability to do work. 
C) the heat given off from chemical reactions. 
D) the heat required to start a reaction. 
A) something important for chemical reactions. 
B) the ability to do work. 
C) the heat given off from chemical reactions. 
D) the heat required to start a reaction.

Question 4

How many codons specify the twenty types of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A) 61 
B) 23 
C) 46 
D) 3 
A) 61 
B) 23 
C) 46 
D) 3

Question 5

Catabolism builds up molecules and anabolism breaks down molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A sequence of DNA is CTGATGTCTA. Its complement is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A sequence of DNA is CTGATGTCTA. Its...

Question 7

An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose, and three phosphates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes an mRNA of sequence

Accepted Answer

A) AACGGUGCACCACGG. 
B) UUGCCACGUGGUGCC. 
C) AACGGTGCACCACGG. 
D) UUCGGAGCUCCUCGG. 
A) AACGGUGCACCACGG. 
B) UUGCCACGUGGUGCC. 
C) AACGGTGCACCACGG. 
D) UUCGGAGCUCCUCGG.

Question 9

A cell may contain hundreds of different types of enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In glycolysis, the enzyme phosphofructokinase catalyzes the slowest part of this metabolic process and can therefore be considered a rate-limiting enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The molecule that an enzyme affects is its ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The molecule that an enzyme affects is...

Question 12

The portion of a DNA molecule that contains the genetic information for making a protein is called a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk. Individuals who are lactose intolerant lack the enzyme to break this sugar down into monosaccharides. Based on enzyme nomenclature, what enzyme is deficient in these individuals?

Accepted Answer

A) Lact ese 
B) Lact ose 
C) Lacto gen 
D) Lact ase 
A) Lact ese 
B) Lact ose 
C) Lacto gen 
D) Lact ase

Question 14

Adenine and guanine are ________  and cytosine and thymine are ________.

Accepted Answer

purines; pyrimidines

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzyme surrounds and completely contains the substrate. 
B) The substrate surrounds and completely contains the enzyme. 
C) The enzyme temporarily deactivates the substrate. 
D) Part of the enzyme temporarily binds part of the substrate molecule. 
A) The enzyme surrounds and completely contains the substrate. 
B) The substrate surrounds and completely contains the enzyme. 
C) The enzyme temporarily deactivates the substrate. 
D) Part of the enzyme temporarily binds part of the substrate molecule.

Question 16

For each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, 2 ATPs, 16 H atoms, and 4 CO₂ molecules are produced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In the DNA damage response,

Accepted Answer

A) repair enzymes replace mismatched nucleotides in DNA. 
B) repair enzymes replace mismatched nucleotides in RNA. 
C) repair enzymes replace mismatched amino acids in protein. 
D) more than one codon encodes one type of amino acid. 
A) repair enzymes replace mismatched nucleotides in DNA. 
B) repair enzymes replace mismatched nucleotides in RNA. 
C) repair enzymes replace mismatched amino acids in protein. 
D) more than one codon encodes one type of amino acid.

Question 18

If an organism is known to have a mutation in the DNA sequence of a gene that codes for an enzyme, but still produces a functional enzyme, which of the following is most likely TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) The mutation did not lead to a change in the amino acid sequence of the enzyme. 
B) Chaperone proteins are able to repair the error in the DNA sequence. 
C) The mutation must have occurred in the part of the sequence coding for the active site. 
D) Transcription of the gene into RNA is able to repair the mutation. 
A) The mutation did not lead to a change in the amino acid sequence of the enzyme. 
B) Chaperone proteins are able to repair the error in the DNA sequence. 
C) The mutation must have occurred in the part of the sequence coding for the active site. 
D) Transcription of the gene into RNA is able to repair the mutation.

Question 19

Synthesis of a protein stops when

Accepted Answer

A) any of three specific anticodons are encountered in the mRNA. 
B) there is no more DNA. 
C) any of three "stop" codons are encountered in the mRNA. 
D) the ribosome becomes fatigued. 
A) any of three specific anticodons are encountered in the mRNA. 
B) there is no more DNA. 
C) any of three "stop" codons are encountered in the mRNA. 
D) the ribosome becomes fatigued.

Question 20

A different enzyme may catalyze the formation and the breakdown of the same molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

Copying DNA information into an mRNA molecule is called

In DNA replication, the two strands of the double helix separate and enzymes place A, C, G, and U nucleotides opposite their complements, forming two double helices from one.

Energy is defined as

How many codons specify the twenty types of amino acids?

Catabolism builds up molecules and anabolism breaks down molecules.

A sequence of DNA is CTGATGTCTA. Its complement is ________.

An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose, and three phosphates.

A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes an mRNA of sequence

A cell may contain hundreds of different types of enzymes.

In glycolysis, the enzyme phosphofructokinase catalyzes the slowest part of this metabolic process and can therefore be considered a rate-limiting enzyme.

The molecule that an enzyme affects is its ________.

The portion of a DNA molecule that contains the genetic information for making a protein is called a gene.

Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk. Individuals who are lactose intolerant lack the enzyme to break this sugar down into monosaccharides. Based on enzyme nomenclature, what enzyme is deficient in these individuals?

Adenine and guanine are ________ and cytosine and thymine are ________.

Which of the following best describes the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate?

For each acetyl CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, 2 ATPs, 16 H atoms, and 4 CO₂ molecules are produced.

In the DNA damage response,

If an organism is known to have a mutation in the DNA sequence of a gene that codes for an enzyme, but still produces a functional enzyme, which of the following is most likely TRUE?

Synthesis of a protein stops when

A different enzyme may catalyze the formation and the breakdown of the same molecule.

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

Adenine and guanine are and cytosine and thymine are .