Question 1

What is one way in which the cardiovascular system of a mammal is different than that of an arthropod such as an insect?

Accepted Answer

A) The heart of the mammal pumps blood into arteries,while the insect heart does not. 
B) Veins send blood to a mammal's lungs,while insect veins send blood to the heart. 
C) A mammal's blood is always contained inside vessels,while an insect's blood sometimes leaves the vessels. 
D) A mammal has a heart to pump blood,while an insect does not have a heart. 
A) The heart of the mammal pumps blood into arteries,while the insect heart does not. 
B) Veins send blood to a mammal's lungs,while insect veins send blood to the heart. 
C) A mammal's blood is always contained inside vessels,while an insect's blood sometimes leaves the vessels. 
D) A mammal has a heart to pump blood,while an insect does not have a heart. C

Question 2

A scientist claimed that students might get better scores on written exams if they wiggle their legs frequently while taking an exam.This could work (but it is not better than studying)because wiggling legs might ________.

Accepted Answer

A) propel more blood from the legs back to the heart,increasing oxygen flow to the brain 
B) add more oxygen to the blood that is returning to the heart 
C) shake out more of the carbon dioxide that lingers in the blood returning to the heart 
D) break up blood clots in the legs,which slow the movement of blood back to the heart 
A) propel more blood from the legs back to the heart,increasing oxygen flow to the brain 
B) add more oxygen to the blood that is returning to the heart 
C) shake out more of the carbon dioxide that lingers in the blood returning to the heart 
D) break up blood clots in the legs,which slow the movement of blood back to the heart A

Question 3

The Antarctic icefishes are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin.Which of the following would be LEAST likely to alter gas transport from the environment to an icefish's cells?

Accepted Answer

A) higher oceanic temperatures from global warming 
B) higher concentrations of carbon monoxide in the water from pollution 
C) higher concentrations of carbon dioxide in the water from pollution 
D) an injury that reduces the surface area of gills 
A) higher oceanic temperatures from global warming 
B) higher concentrations of carbon monoxide in the water from pollution 
C) higher concentrations of carbon dioxide in the water from pollution 
D) an injury that reduces the surface area of gills B

Question 4

The cardiovascular system of a mouse works like that of a human.A mouse is moved from sea level (low altitude)to the top of a mountain (high altitude).How could this mouse's cardiovascular system maintain a similar rate of oxygen delivery to its tissues now that the mouse is at the top of the mountain?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease breathing rate. 
B) Decrease heart rate. 
C) Increase the depth of ventilation. 
D) Increase lung pressure. 
A) Decrease breathing rate. 
B) Decrease heart rate. 
C) Increase the depth of ventilation. 
D) Increase lung pressure.

Question 5

What structure do lobsters use for gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

A) gills 
B) lungs 
C) skin 
D) tracheae 
A) gills 
B) lungs 
C) skin 
D) tracheae

Question 6

Blood is propelled back to the heart by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) rhythmic contractions of muscles in the walls of veins and the action of one-way valves 
B) skeletal muscle contractions around veins and the action of one-way valves 
C) the negative pressure of the heart pulling blood into the empty chambers 
D) the natural flow of blood into ever-larger blood vessels leading to the heart 
A) rhythmic contractions of muscles in the walls of veins and the action of one-way valves 
B) skeletal muscle contractions around veins and the action of one-way valves 
C) the negative pressure of the heart pulling blood into the empty chambers 
D) the natural flow of blood into ever-larger blood vessels leading to the heart

Question 7

In humans,oxygen is delivered to the cells of the body by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a closed circulatory system 
B) an open circulatory system 
C) diffusion 
D) diffusion and facilitated diffusion 
A) a closed circulatory system 
B) an open circulatory system 
C) diffusion 
D) diffusion and facilitated diffusion

Question 8

A heart murmur occurs when there is a defect in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a heart valve 
B) the sinoatrial node 
C) arterioles 
D) the timing of the cardiac cycle 
A) a heart valve 
B) the sinoatrial node 
C) arterioles 
D) the timing of the cardiac cycle

Question 9

Which blood vessels have thin,leaky walls?

Accepted Answer

A) capillaries 
B) venules 
C) arteries 
D) none of the above 
A) capillaries 
B) venules 
C) arteries 
D) none of the above

Question 10

Please refer to the following art to answer the following questions.
  
-Examine the structure of blood vessels in the following figure.Which one of the following has the structure best suited to chemical exchange between the blood and tissues?

Accepted Answer

A) venule 
B) capillary 
C) arteriole 
D) artery 
A) venule 
B) capillary 
C) arteriole 
D) artery

Question 11

In a person with SCD,where would red blood cells with a sickle shape be LEAST likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

A) pulmonary arteries 
B) pulmonary veins 
C) right atrium 
D) right ventricle 
A) pulmonary arteries 
B) pulmonary veins 
C) right atrium 
D) right ventricle

Question 12

Why do cigarette smokers cough more than most people do?

Accepted Answer

A) The tar in cigarette smoke tends to make alveoli stick closed.Coughing opens them. 
B) Coughing is the respiratory system's attempt to clear itself of the thick mucus that is produced in response to smoke exposure. 
C) Cigarette smoking partially paralyzes the lungs; coughing exchanges the resultant "dead air." 
D) Coughing stimulates blood flow to the lungs. 
A) The tar in cigarette smoke tends to make alveoli stick closed.Coughing opens them. 
B) Coughing is the respiratory system's attempt to clear itself of the thick mucus that is produced in response to smoke exposure. 
C) Cigarette smoking partially paralyzes the lungs; coughing exchanges the resultant "dead air." 
D) Coughing stimulates blood flow to the lungs.

Question 13

Which of these carry(ies)oxygen-poor blood?

Accepted Answer

A) pulmonary arteries 
B) pulmonary veins 
C) aorta 
D) left ventricle 
A) pulmonary arteries 
B) pulmonary veins 
C) aorta 
D) left ventricle

Question 14

Veins carry ________.

Accepted Answer

A) blood away from the heart 
B) oxygen-rich blood 
C) oxygen-poor blood 
D) blood toward the heart 
A) blood away from the heart 
B) oxygen-rich blood 
C) oxygen-poor blood 
D) blood toward the heart

Question 15

Heart Block is one type of electrical defect in the heart in which the electrical signal from the sinoatrial node to the relay point is delayed.Predict the effect of Heart Block on the cardiac cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) The atria relax for a shorter period of time. 
B) The atria relax for a longer period of time. 
C) The ventricles relax for a shorter period of time. 
D) The ventricles relax for a longer period of time. 
A) The atria relax for a shorter period of time. 
B) The atria relax for a longer period of time. 
C) The ventricles relax for a shorter period of time. 
D) The ventricles relax for a longer period of time.

Question 16

Which of these animals has a double circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A) fish 
B) grasshopper 
C) dog 
D) hydra 
A) fish 
B) grasshopper 
C) dog 
D) hydra

Question 17

To graph their results,the scientists would plot the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) number of yawns on the x-axis 
B) dependent variable on the x-axis 
C) level of carbon dioxide on the x-axis 
D) age of college students on the x-axis 
A) number of yawns on the x-axis 
B) dependent variable on the x-axis 
C) level of carbon dioxide on the x-axis 
D) age of college students on the x-axis

Question 18

Cigarette smoking ________.

Accepted Answer

A) is responsible for about one in five deaths of Americans every year 
B) accounts for 80-90% of all cases of lung cancer 
C) can affect the health of nonsmokers through secondhand smoke 
D) all of the above 
A) is responsible for about one in five deaths of Americans every year 
B) accounts for 80-90% of all cases of lung cancer 
C) can affect the health of nonsmokers through secondhand smoke 
D) all of the above

Question 19

Gas exchange requires a surface that is both ________.

Accepted Answer

A) durable and stiff 
B) protected within the body and connected to the circulatory system 
C) thin and moist 
D) permeable to oxygen and impermeable to carbon dioxide 
A) durable and stiff 
B) protected within the body and connected to the circulatory system 
C) thin and moist 
D) permeable to oxygen and impermeable to carbon dioxide

Question 20

If yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing,then which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Athletes should yawn more when exercising compared to when they are not exercising. 
B) Tibetan mountaineers yawn more when they are walking compared to when they are standing still. 
C) People adapted to lower altitudes should yawn the same amount when they are at high altitudes. 
D) Athletes who have trained at high altitudes should inhale a greater volume of air when yawning compared to those who have trained only at low altitudes. 
A) Athletes should yawn more when exercising compared to when they are not exercising. 
B) Tibetan mountaineers yawn more when they are walking compared to when they are standing still. 
C) People adapted to lower altitudes should yawn the same amount when they are at high altitudes. 
D) Athletes who have trained at high altitudes should inhale a greater volume of air when yawning compared to those who have trained only at low altitudes.

Exam 23: Circulation and Respiration

What is one way in which the cardiovascular system of a mammal is different than that of an arthropod such as an insect?

A scientist claimed that students might get better scores on written exams if they wiggle their legs frequently while taking an exam.This could work (but it is not better than studying)because wiggling legs might ________.

The Antarctic icefishes are the only known vertebrates to lack hemoglobin.Which of the following would be LEAST likely to alter gas transport from the environment to an icefish's cells?

What structure do lobsters use for gas exchange?

Blood is propelled back to the heart by ________.

In humans,oxygen is delivered to the cells of the body by ________.

A heart murmur occurs when there is a defect in ________.

Which blood vessels have thin,leaky walls?

Please refer to the following art to answer the following questions. -Examine the structure of blood vessels in the following figure.Which one of the following has the structure best suited to chemical exchange between the blood and tissues?

In a person with SCD,where would red blood cells with a sickle shape be LEAST likely to be found?

Why do cigarette smokers cough more than most people do?

Which of these carry(ies)oxygen-poor blood?

Veins carry ________.

Heart Block is one type of electrical defect in the heart in which the electrical signal from the sinoatrial node to the relay point is delayed.Predict the effect of Heart Block on the cardiac cycle.

Which of these animals has a double circulatory system?

To graph their results,the scientists would plot the ________.

Cigarette smoking ________.

Gas exchange requires a surface that is both ________.

If yawning has a regulatory mechanism similar to breathing,then which of the following is TRUE?

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Populations Evolve

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters