Question 1

During his trip on the Beagle,Darwin found that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) plants and animals living in temperate regions were most similar to each other,regardless of the continent on which they were found 
B) plants and animals living on a continent seemed more closely related to each other than to plants and animals living in similar regions on other continents 
C) fossils found on a particular continent were clearly not related to the plants and animals living on that continent today 
D) plants and animals were similar on every continent and in every type of region 
A) plants and animals living in temperate regions were most similar to each other,regardless of the continent on which they were found 
B) plants and animals living on a continent seemed more closely related to each other than to plants and animals living in similar regions on other continents 
C) fossils found on a particular continent were clearly not related to the plants and animals living on that continent today 
D) plants and animals were similar on every continent and in every type of region B

Question 2

The founder effect differs from a population bottleneck in that the founder effect ________.

Accepted Answer

A) requires a small population 
B) is a type of natural selection 
C) can occur only on an oceanic island colony 
D) involves the isolation of a small colony of individuals from a larger population 
A) requires a small population 
B) is a type of natural selection 
C) can occur only on an oceanic island colony 
D) involves the isolation of a small colony of individuals from a larger population D

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the voyage of the Beagle is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Its purpose was to identify the fastest route from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 
B) It lasted almost 2 years. 
C) It turned into a tremendous opportunity for Darwin to collect fossils,plants,and animals. 
D) It ended with the sinking of the ship off of the coast of Australia,almost 4 years into its journey. 
A) Its purpose was to identify the fastest route from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 
B) It lasted almost 2 years. 
C) It turned into a tremendous opportunity for Darwin to collect fossils,plants,and animals. 
D) It ended with the sinking of the ship off of the coast of Australia,almost 4 years into its journey. C

Question 4

Natural selection ________.

Accepted Answer

A) results in evolutionary adaptation 
B) is a very rare phenomenon 
C) does not affect allelic frequencies 
D) prepares organisms for future changes in the environment 
A) results in evolutionary adaptation 
B) is a very rare phenomenon 
C) does not affect allelic frequencies 
D) prepares organisms for future changes in the environment

Question 5

What does evolutionary fitness measure?

Accepted Answer

A) physical health 
B) longevity 
C) relative reproductive success 
D) population size 
A) physical health 
B) longevity 
C) relative reproductive success 
D) population size

Question 6

Which of the following examples results from disruptive selection?

Accepted Answer

A) The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average weight of newborn humans are about the same. 
B) There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. 
C) There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dog. 
D) Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened. 
A) The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average weight of newborn humans are about the same. 
B) There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. 
C) There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dog. 
D) Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened.

Question 7

While on the Beagle,Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was ________ and sculpted by geologic processes that ________ today.

Accepted Answer

A) old...continue 
B) old...no longer occur 
C) young...continue 
D) young...no longer occur 
A) old...continue 
B) old...no longer occur 
C) young...continue 
D) young...no longer occur

Question 8

Examine the evolutionary tree below.This tree tells us that the amnion is found in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) lungfishes and amphibians 
B) amphibians only 
C) mammals,lizards,and snakes only 
D) mammals,lizards,snakes,crocodiles,and birds 
A) lungfishes and amphibians 
B) amphibians only 
C) mammals,lizards,and snakes only 
D) mammals,lizards,snakes,crocodiles,and birds

Question 9

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for a particular human population with a higher incidence of polydactyly (extra fingers/toes)than the human population as a whole?

Accepted Answer

A) directional selection 
B) disruptive selection 
C) founder effect 
D) bottleneck effect 
A) directional selection 
B) disruptive selection 
C) founder effect 
D) bottleneck effect

Question 10

What leads paleontologists to hypothesize that whales evolved from wolf-like carnivores?

Accepted Answer

A) molecular analysis of whale DNA 
B) observations of fossil teeth 
C) the presence of vestigial structures in both species 
D) mathematical analysis using the Hardy-Weinberg formula 
A) molecular analysis of whale DNA 
B) observations of fossil teeth 
C) the presence of vestigial structures in both species 
D) mathematical analysis using the Hardy-Weinberg formula

Question 11

Chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease first identified in 1998 as a cause of massive amphibian deaths.In some severely impacted populations,a few individuals have survived,perhaps because of some natural resistance.If these resistant individuals continue to survive and prosper,new resistant populations might emerge.This would be an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift 
B) natural selection 
C) the founder effect 
D) sexual selection 
A) genetic drift 
B) natural selection 
C) the founder effect 
D) sexual selection

Question 12

Examine the relationships between the elephants in the figure below.Which one of the following pairs is most closely related?

Accepted Answer

A) Deinotherium and Platybelodon 
B) Barytherium and Stegodon 
C) Loxodonta africana and Loxodonta cyclotis 
D) Mammut and Stegodon 
A) Deinotherium and Platybelodon 
B) Barytherium and Stegodon 
C) Loxodonta africana and Loxodonta cyclotis 
D) Mammut and Stegodon

Question 13

Which is NOT a benefit of the understanding of evolution to understanding the field of biology?

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding evolution helps us to understand molecules. 
B) Understanding evolution helps us to analyze ecosystems. 
C) Understanding evolution helps advance biotechnology and medicine. 
D) Understanding evolution helps us to understand why stars and galaxies change over time. 
A) Understanding evolution helps us to understand molecules. 
B) Understanding evolution helps us to analyze ecosystems. 
C) Understanding evolution helps advance biotechnology and medicine. 
D) Understanding evolution helps us to understand why stars and galaxies change over time.

Question 14

Homology is evidence of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) binomial classification 
B) artificial selection 
C) natural selection 
D) common ancestry 
A) binomial classification 
B) artificial selection 
C) natural selection 
D) common ancestry

Question 15

The figure below shows what happens in insect populations when crops are sprayed with insecticides.This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) genetic drift 
C) founder effect 
D) gene flow 
A) natural selection 
B) genetic drift 
C) founder effect 
D) gene flow

Question 16

Which of the following is a component of the fossil record?

Accepted Answer

A) the distribution of murid rodents in Australia and Asia 
B) the similarity of the forelimbs of cats and bats 
C) molecular sequences 
D) bones of extinct whales 
A) the distribution of murid rodents in Australia and Asia 
B) the similarity of the forelimbs of cats and bats 
C) molecular sequences 
D) bones of extinct whales

Question 17

Natural selection generally results in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) increased genetic variation 
B) a population that is better adapted to a future environment 
C) a population that is adapted to its current environment 
D) an increase in the size of a population 
A) increased genetic variation 
B) a population that is better adapted to a future environment 
C) a population that is adapted to its current environment 
D) an increase in the size of a population

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of sexual selection?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacteria evolve resistance to antibiotics. 
B) Cheetahs experienced a population bottleneck. 
C) Peahens choose to mate with peacocks that have the most beautiful tails. 
D) Female butterflies have a higher survival rate than male butterflies. 
A) Bacteria evolve resistance to antibiotics. 
B) Cheetahs experienced a population bottleneck. 
C) Peahens choose to mate with peacocks that have the most beautiful tails. 
D) Female butterflies have a higher survival rate than male butterflies.

Question 19

The first basic idea of evolutionary adaptation can be traced back to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) ancient Greeks about 2,500 years ago 
B) Aristotle 
C) Lamarck 
D) Darwin 
A) ancient Greeks about 2,500 years ago 
B) Aristotle 
C) Lamarck 
D) Darwin

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) The population is subject to natural selection. 
B) The population is not evolving. 
C) Genetic drift is occurring. 
D) Gene flow in and out of the population occurs. 
A) The population is subject to natural selection. 
B) The population is not evolving. 
C) Genetic drift is occurring. 
D) Gene flow in and out of the population occurs.

Exam 13: How Populations Evolve

During his trip on the Beagle,Darwin found that ________.

The founder effect differs from a population bottleneck in that the founder effect ________.

Which of the following statements about the voyage of the Beagle is TRUE?

Natural selection ________.

What does evolutionary fitness measure?

Which of the following examples results from disruptive selection?

While on the Beagle,Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was ________ and sculpted by geologic processes that ________ today.

Examine the evolutionary tree below.This tree tells us that the amnion is found in ________.

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for a particular human population with a higher incidence of polydactyly (extra fingers/toes)than the human population as a whole?

What leads paleontologists to hypothesize that whales evolved from wolf-like carnivores?

Examine the relationships between the elephants in the figure below.Which one of the following pairs is most closely related?

Which is NOT a benefit of the understanding of evolution to understanding the field of biology?

Homology is evidence of ________.

The figure below shows what happens in insect populations when crops are sprayed with insecticides.This is an example of ________.

Which of the following is a component of the fossil record?

Natural selection generally results in ________.

Which of the following is an example of sexual selection?

The first basic idea of evolutionary adaptation can be traced back to ________.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Introduction: Biology Today

Essential Chemistry for Biology

The Molecules of Life

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy From Food

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

Cellular Reproduction: Cells From Cells

Patterns of Inheritance

The Structure and Function of Dna

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology

How Biological Diversity Evolves

The Evolution of Microbial Life

The Evolution of Plants and Fungi

The Evolution of Animals

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Respiration

The Bodys Defenses

Hormones

Reproduction and Development

Nervous,Sensory,and Locomotor Systems

The Life of a Flowering Plant

The Working Plant

Filters

While on the Beagle,Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was and sculpted by geologic processes that today.