Question 1

Differentiation is necessary before a cell can exchange material with its environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Physiology is the study of

Accepted Answer

A) how two organisms interact. 
B) how organisms function. 
C) the spread of diseases. 
D) the structure of the body. 
E) two of the choices are correct. 
A) how two organisms interact. 
B) how organisms function. 
C) the spread of diseases. 
D) the structure of the body. 
E) two of the choices are correct.

Question 3

What term is used to describe the steady-state value for any variable that the body attempts to maintain?

Accepted Answer

A) Set point 
B) Equilibrium potential 
C) Error signal 
D) Reflex arc 
E) Median value 
A) Set point 
B) Equilibrium potential 
C) Error signal 
D) Reflex arc 
E) Median value

Question 4

What is the location of the internal pacemaker that sets biological rhythms?

Accepted Answer

A) Suprachiasmatic nucleus of the brain 
B) Ventricles of the heart 
C) Endocrine gland in the gonads 
D) Photoreceptors of the eye 
E) The adrenal glands 
A) Suprachiasmatic nucleus of the brain 
B) Ventricles of the heart 
C) Endocrine gland in the gonads 
D) Photoreceptors of the eye 
E) The adrenal glands

Question 5

During childbirth,as a baby's head is pressed against the mother's cervix,signals are relayed via nerves from cervix to the mother's brain.The brain initiates the secretion of oxytocin (a hormone)from the mother's pituitary gland.Oxytocin stimulates further uterine contractions.As the uterus contracts even harder in response to oxytocin,the baby's head is pushed harder against the cervix;this stimulates yet more nerve signals to the mother's brain,resulting in yet more oxytocin secretion until finally the baby is pushed through the cervix.The integrating center in this process of childbirth is

Accepted Answer

A) the mother's brain. 
B) the mother's cervix. 
C) the nerve signals to the mother's brain. 
D) oxytocin. 
E) the mother's pituitary gland. 
A) the mother's brain. 
B) the mother's cervix. 
C) the nerve signals to the mother's brain. 
D) oxytocin. 
E) the mother's pituitary gland.

Question 6

If a person begins to sweat upon entering a hot room but continued sweating is able to keep the body temperature stable,which of these best describes her condition?

Accepted Answer

A) She is in an equilibrium state. 
B) She is not using energy to maintain a constant temperature. 
C) She is in a steady state. 
D) She is using a positive feedback mechanism. 
E) Two of the choices are correct. 
A) She is in an equilibrium state. 
B) She is not using energy to maintain a constant temperature. 
C) She is in a steady state. 
D) She is using a positive feedback mechanism. 
E) Two of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Neglecting protein differences,which of the following fluids has a virtually identical solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

A) The interstitial fluid and the intracellular fluid 
B) The interstitial fluid and the plasma 
C) The extracellular fluid and the plasma 
D) The interstitial fluid,the extracellular fluid,and the plasma 
E) None of these choices 
A) The interstitial fluid and the intracellular fluid 
B) The interstitial fluid and the plasma 
C) The extracellular fluid and the plasma 
D) The interstitial fluid,the extracellular fluid,and the plasma 
E) None of these choices

Question 8

________ is the general term for a chemical released by the endings of neurons onto other neurons,muscle cells,or gland cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the general term for a...

Question 9

Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body?

Accepted Answer

A) Epithelial cells 
B) Collagen cells 
C) Connective tissue cells 
D) Neurons 
E) Muscle cells 
A) Epithelial cells 
B) Collagen cells 
C) Connective tissue cells 
D) Neurons 
E) Muscle cells

Question 10

A person who is acclimated to a hot environment will begin to react physiologically to a decreased environmental temperature faster than a person who is not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Eating a bag of salty potato chips without increasing sodium excretion would result in what state?

Accepted Answer

A) Positive sodium balance 
B) Negative sodium balance 
C) Stable sodium balance 
D) It can't be determined without knowing the size of the sodium pool 
A) Positive sodium balance 
B) Negative sodium balance 
C) Stable sodium balance 
D) It can't be determined without knowing the size of the sodium pool

Question 12

________ is the term describing regulation of cellular activity by chemical mediators produced by that same cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the term describing regulation of...

Question 13

Homeostatic control systems and acclimatization are examples of biological adaptations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

________ regulation describes regulation of cellular activity by messengers from nearby cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ regulation describes regulation of cellular activity by...

Question 15

The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose into body cells.Its secretion is controlled by a negative feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the cells that secrete insulin.Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

Accepted Answer

A) A decrease in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn lower the blood glucose concentration still further. 
B) An increase in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn lower the blood glucose concentration. 
C) A decrease in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn increase the blood glucose concentration. 
D) An increase in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn increase the blood glucose concentration still further. 
A) A decrease in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn lower the blood glucose concentration still further. 
B) An increase in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn lower the blood glucose concentration. 
C) A decrease in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn increase the blood glucose concentration. 
D) An increase in blood glucose concentration will stimulate insulin secretion,which will in turn increase the blood glucose concentration still further.

Question 16

The extracellular fluid compartment includes the interstitial fluid and plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Some neurons in the vagus nerve have synaptic connections to sinoatrial cells (pacemaker)in the heart.These neurons secrete acetylcholine,which ultimately results in a decreased heart rate.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine control. 
B) exocrine control. 
C) hormonal control. 
D) neural control. 
E) paracrine control. 
A) endocrine control. 
B) exocrine control. 
C) hormonal control. 
D) neural control. 
E) paracrine control.

Question 18

What is the term for the developmental process that leads to specialized cell types?

Accepted Answer

A) Genomics 
B) Differentiation 
C) Homeostasis 
D) Positive feedback 
E) Acclimatization 
A) Genomics 
B) Differentiation 
C) Homeostasis 
D) Positive feedback 
E) Acclimatization

Question 19

Feedforward regulatory processes

Accepted Answer

A) work in anticipation of changes in regulated variables. 
B) are identical to positive feedback processes. 
C) lead to instability of the regulated variable. 
D) maximize fluctuations in the regulated variable. 
E) tend to force physiological variables away from their set point. 
A) work in anticipation of changes in regulated variables. 
B) are identical to positive feedback processes. 
C) lead to instability of the regulated variable. 
D) maximize fluctuations in the regulated variable. 
E) tend to force physiological variables away from their set point.

Question 20

During breastfeeding,as the baby suckles,nerve signals are relayed from the mother's nipple to the mother's brain.The brain initiates the mother's pituitary gland to produce more prolactin (a hormone),which causes more milk to be ejected.This process of breastfeeding is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) negative feedback. 
B) positive feedback. 
C) feedforward regulation. 
D) adaptation. 
E) acclimatization. 
A) negative feedback. 
B) positive feedback. 
C) feedforward regulation. 
D) adaptation. 
E) acclimatization.

Differentiation is necessary before a cell can exchange material with its environment.

Physiology is the study of

What term is used to describe the steady-state value for any variable that the body attempts to maintain?

What is the location of the internal pacemaker that sets biological rhythms?

If a person begins to sweat upon entering a hot room but continued sweating is able to keep the body temperature stable,which of these best describes her condition?

Neglecting protein differences,which of the following fluids has a virtually identical solute concentration?

________ is the general term for a chemical released by the endings of neurons onto other neurons,muscle cells,or gland cells.

Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body?

A person who is acclimated to a hot environment will begin to react physiologically to a decreased environmental temperature faster than a person who is not.

Eating a bag of salty potato chips without increasing sodium excretion would result in what state?

________ is the term describing regulation of cellular activity by chemical mediators produced by that same cell.

Homeostatic control systems and acclimatization are examples of biological adaptations.

________ regulation describes regulation of cellular activity by messengers from nearby cells.

The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose into body cells.Its secretion is controlled by a negative feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the cells that secrete insulin.Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

The extracellular fluid compartment includes the interstitial fluid and plasma.

Some neurons in the vagus nerve have synaptic connections to sinoatrial cells (pacemaker)in the heart.These neurons secrete acetylcholine,which ultimately results in a decreased heart rate.This is an example of

What is the term for the developmental process that leads to specialized cell types?

Feedforward regulatory processes

During breastfeeding,as the baby suckles,nerve signals are relayed from the mother's nipple to the mother's brain.The brain initiates the mother's pituitary gland to produce more prolactin (a hormone),which causes more milk to be ejected.This process of breastfeeding is an example of

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signalling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters

Exam 1: Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology

Differentiation is necessary before a cell can exchange material with its environment.

Physiology is the study of

What term is used to describe the steady-state value for any variable that the body attempts to maintain?

What is the location of the internal pacemaker that sets biological rhythms?

If a person begins to sweat upon entering a hot room but continued sweating is able to keep the body temperature stable,which of these best describes her condition?

Neglecting protein differences,which of the following fluids has a virtually identical solute concentration?

________ is the general term for a chemical released by the endings of neurons onto other neurons,muscle cells,or gland cells.

Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body?

A person who is acclimated to a hot environment will begin to react physiologically to a decreased environmental temperature faster than a person who is not.

Eating a bag of salty potato chips without increasing sodium excretion would result in what state?

________ is the term describing regulation of cellular activity by chemical mediators produced by that same cell.

Homeostatic control systems and acclimatization are examples of biological adaptations.

________ regulation describes regulation of cellular activity by messengers from nearby cells.

The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose into body cells.Its secretion is controlled by a negative feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the cells that secrete insulin.Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

The extracellular fluid compartment includes the interstitial fluid and plasma.

Some neurons in the vagus nerve have synaptic connections to sinoatrial cells (pacemaker)in the heart.These neurons secrete acetylcholine,which ultimately results in a decreased heart rate.This is an example of

What is the term for the developmental process that leads to specialized cell types?

Feedforward regulatory processes

During breastfeeding,as the baby suckles,nerve signals are relayed from the mother's nipple to the mother's brain.The brain initiates the mother's pituitary gland to produce more prolactin (a hormone),which causes more milk to be ejected.This process of breastfeeding is an example of

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signalling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters