Question 1

The radiation doses that most people are exposed to are measured in rems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The mutation rates for different genes are affected by several factors.Which of the following statements about mutation rates for different genes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gene size affects mutation rates for genes. 
B)  Nucleotide repeats found in some genes can increase in number with each generation. 
C)  Genes with many adjacent A/T base pairs often have a high mutation rate. 
D)  The smaller the gene, the lower the mutation rate. 
E)  Nucleotide composition does not affect mutation rates of genes. 
A)  Gene size affects mutation rates for genes. 
B)  Nucleotide repeats found in some genes can increase in number with each generation. 
C)  Genes with many adjacent A/T base pairs often have a high mutation rate. 
D)  The smaller the gene, the lower the mutation rate. 
E)  Nucleotide composition does not affect mutation rates of genes.

Question 3

Epigenetics is the study of DNA mutations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Base insertions usually lead to frameshift mutations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Methylation within the region of a promoter increases expression of that gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

MATCHING
Match the associated terms.
-cell suicide

Accepted Answer

A) genome 
B) millirem 
C) apoptosis 
D) histones 
E) free radical
F)imprinting
G)proofreading
H)mutation
I)methylation
J)frameshift
K)senescence 
A) genome 
B) millirem 
C) apoptosis 
D) histones 
E) free radical
F)imprinting
G)proofreading
H)mutation
I)methylation
J)frameshift
K)senescence

Question 7

Which of the following statements about epigenetics is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epigenetic changes occur because of DNA mutations. 
B)  Epigenetic changes are only due to genetic factors. 
C)  Epigenetic changes alter the replication of DNA. 
D)  Epigenetic modifications can be caused by environmental factors.. 
E)  Epigenetic drugs are widely used to treat many genetic disorders. 
A)  Epigenetic changes occur because of DNA mutations. 
B)  Epigenetic changes are only due to genetic factors. 
C)  Epigenetic changes alter the replication of DNA. 
D)  Epigenetic modifications can be caused by environmental factors.. 
E)  Epigenetic drugs are widely used to treat many genetic disorders.

Question 8

Exposure to radiation

Accepted Answer

A)  is easily avoidable. 
B)  can cause the formation of free radicals. 
C)  is entirely from exposure to natural background radiation. 
D)  repairs mistakes made during DNA replication. 
E)  for the average American is mainly due to dental x-rays. 
A)  is easily avoidable. 
B)  can cause the formation of free radicals. 
C)  is entirely from exposure to natural background radiation. 
D)  repairs mistakes made during DNA replication. 
E)  for the average American is mainly due to dental x-rays.

Question 9

Mutations

Accepted Answer

A)  are always easy to detect. 
B)  always occur in genes. 
C)  show up at a rate of about 6-7 mutations per child born. 
D)  are usually only detected when there is a change in phenotype. 
E)  are always harmful to an individual. 
A)  are always easy to detect. 
B)  always occur in genes. 
C)  show up at a rate of about 6-7 mutations per child born. 
D)  are usually only detected when there is a change in phenotype. 
E)  are always harmful to an individual.

Question 10

Free radicals

Accepted Answer

A)  only cause frameshift mutations. 
B)  form due to base analogs. 
C)  form when atoms have unpaired electrons. 
D)  are not reactive. 
E)  are incorporated into DNA instead of normal bases. 
A)  only cause frameshift mutations. 
B)  form due to base analogs. 
C)  form when atoms have unpaired electrons. 
D)  are not reactive. 
E)  are incorporated into DNA instead of normal bases.

Question 11

Types of mutations include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  single nucleotide substitutions. 
B)  insertions. 
C)  deletions. 
D)  trinucleotide repeats. 
E)  methylation of DNA. 
A)  single nucleotide substitutions. 
B)  insertions. 
C)  deletions. 
D)  trinucleotide repeats. 
E)  methylation of DNA.

Question 12

Researchers have found that when radiation doses are below _____,the major risk is an increase in the risk of cancer.

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000 rem 
B)  360 mrem 
C)  1 rem 
D)  5000 rem 
E)  5000 mrem 
A)  100,000 rem 
B)  360 mrem 
C)  1 rem 
D)  5000 rem 
E)  5000 mrem

Question 13

The nitrates found in certain food preservatives can cause mutations by

Accepted Answer

A)  incorporating into DNA in place of normal bases. 
B)  inserting into the DNA helix. 
C)  modifying the structure of DNA bases. 
D)  increasing the number of certain trinucleotide repeats. 
E)  causing nucleotide insertions. 
A)  incorporating into DNA in place of normal bases. 
B)  inserting into the DNA helix. 
C)  modifying the structure of DNA bases. 
D)  increasing the number of certain trinucleotide repeats. 
E)  causing nucleotide insertions.

Question 14

Mutations are only

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. 
B)  changes in the amino acid sequence of proteins. 
C)  changes in the nucleotide sequence of RNA. 
D)  caused by mistakes in DNA replication. 
E)  caused by environmental agents. 
A)  changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. 
B)  changes in the amino acid sequence of proteins. 
C)  changes in the nucleotide sequence of RNA. 
D)  caused by mistakes in DNA replication. 
E)  caused by environmental agents.

Question 15

An average American undergoes a full-body CAT scan.This does not have much of an effect on their annual radiation dose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The main source of radiation exposure for most of the U.S.population is exposure to cosmic radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Chemicals present in some pesticides

Accepted Answer

A)  resemble the phosphate groups found in DNA. 
B)  cause base insertion mutations. 
C)  change the structure of DNA bases. 
D)  cause single-nucleotide substitution mutations. 
E)  cause mutations by binding to the DNA polymerase. 
A)  resemble the phosphate groups found in DNA. 
B)  cause base insertion mutations. 
C)  change the structure of DNA bases. 
D)  cause single-nucleotide substitution mutations. 
E)  cause mutations by binding to the DNA polymerase.

Question 18

Cite examples of how nucleotide repeats can cause genetic disorders.How does the number of repeats relate to the severity of the disorder?

Accepted Answer

Some genes contain nucleotide repeats th

Question 19

Base analogs

Accepted Answer

A)  often cause frameshift mutations. 
B)  lead to single-nucleotide substitution mutations. 
C)  resemble the sugars found in DNA nucleotides. 
D)  cause breakage of DNA strands. 
E)  resemble the phosphate groups found in DNA nucleotides. 
A)  often cause frameshift mutations. 
B)  lead to single-nucleotide substitution mutations. 
C)  resemble the sugars found in DNA nucleotides. 
D)  cause breakage of DNA strands. 
E)  resemble the phosphate groups found in DNA nucleotides.

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the associated terms.
-Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) genome 
B) millirem 
C) apoptosis 
D) histones 
E) free radical
F)imprinting
G)proofreading
H)mutation
I)methylation
J)frameshift
K)senescence 
A) genome 
B) millirem 
C) apoptosis 
D) histones 
E) free radical
F)imprinting
G)proofreading
H)mutation
I)methylation
J)frameshift
K)senescence

The radiation doses that most people are exposed to are measured in rems.

The mutation rates for different genes are affected by several factors.Which of the following statements about mutation rates for different genes is FALSE?

Epigenetics is the study of DNA mutations.

Base insertions usually lead to frameshift mutations.

Methylation within the region of a promoter increases expression of that gene.

MATCHING Match the associated terms. -cell suicide

Which of the following statements about epigenetics is TRUE?

Exposure to radiation

Mutations

Free radicals

Types of mutations include all of the following EXCEPT

Researchers have found that when radiation doses are below _____,the major risk is an increase in the risk of cancer.

The nitrates found in certain food preservatives can cause mutations by

Mutations are only

An average American undergoes a full-body CAT scan.This does not have much of an effect on their annual radiation dose.

The main source of radiation exposure for most of the U.S.population is exposure to cosmic radiation.

Chemicals present in some pesticides

Cite examples of how nucleotide repeats can cause genetic disorders.How does the number of repeats relate to the severity of the disorder?

Base analogs

MATCHING Match the associated terms. -Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Sex and Development

Assisted Reproductive Technology

Changes in Chromosome Number

How Genes Are Transmitted From Generation to Generation

Gene Expression and Gene Regulation

Biotechnology

Genetic Testing and Prenatal Diagnosis

DNA Forensics

Genomics

Inheritance of Complex Traits

Cancer and the Cell Cycle

Behavior

Immunogenetics

Genetics and Populations

Human Evolution

A Different World: The Past, Present, and Future of Human Genetics

Biology Basics 1-Cells and Cell Structure

Biology Basics 2-DNA and RNA

Biology Basics 3-Genes, Populations, and the Environment

Filters

Exam 6: Changes in DNA: Mutations and Epigenetics

The radiation doses that most people are exposed to are measured in rems.

The mutation rates for different genes are affected by several factors.Which of the following statements about mutation rates for different genes is FALSE?

Epigenetics is the study of DNA mutations.

Base insertions usually lead to frameshift mutations.

Methylation within the region of a promoter increases expression of that gene.

MATCHING Match the associated terms. -cell suicide

Which of the following statements about epigenetics is TRUE?

Exposure to radiation

Mutations

Free radicals

Types of mutations include all of the following EXCEPT

Researchers have found that when radiation doses are below _____,the major risk is an increase in the risk of cancer.

The nitrates found in certain food preservatives can cause mutations by

Mutations are only

An average American undergoes a full-body CAT scan.This does not have much of an effect on their annual radiation dose.

The main source of radiation exposure for most of the U.S.population is exposure to cosmic radiation.

Chemicals present in some pesticides

Cite examples of how nucleotide repeats can cause genetic disorders.How does the number of repeats relate to the severity of the disorder?

Base analogs

MATCHING Match the associated terms. -Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Sex and Development

Assisted Reproductive Technology

Changes in Chromosome Number

How Genes Are Transmitted From Generation to Generation

Gene Expression and Gene Regulation

Biotechnology

Genetic Testing and Prenatal Diagnosis

DNA Forensics

Genomics

Inheritance of Complex Traits

Cancer and the Cell Cycle

Behavior

Immunogenetics

Genetics and Populations

Human Evolution

A Different World: The Past, Present, and Future of Human Genetics

Biology Basics 1-Cells and Cell Structure

Biology Basics 2-DNA and RNA

Biology Basics 3-Genes, Populations, and the Environment

Filters