Question 1

The rough endoplasmic reticulum appears rough because of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) sterols in its membrane 
B) fats and sugars on its surface 
C) multiple ribosomes on its surface 
D) proteins in the lumen of the ER 
A) sterols in its membrane 
B) fats and sugars on its surface 
C) multiple ribosomes on its surface 
D) proteins in the lumen of the ER

Question 2

The periplasmic space is found _____.

Accepted Answer

A) only in Gram positive organisms 
B) between the nuclear area and the cell membrane 
C) primarily in acid fast bacteria 
D) between the innercell membrane and outer cell wall membrane 
A) only in Gram positive organisms 
B) between the nuclear area and the cell membrane 
C) primarily in acid fast bacteria 
D) between the innercell membrane and outer cell wall membrane

Question 3

Osmosis most directly involves:

Accepted Answer

A) water moving down a concentration gradient 
B) organic molecules crossing a membrane 
C) energy being expended to import large molecules into the cell 
D) sugars and salts moving down their concentration gradient 
A) water moving down a concentration gradient 
B) organic molecules crossing a membrane 
C) energy being expended to import large molecules into the cell 
D) sugars and salts moving down their concentration gradient

Question 4

Which of the following statements is false

Accepted Answer

A) All bacteria are capable of forming capsules. 
B) The chemical composition of each capsule is unique to a particular strain of bacteria. 
C) Slime layers are usually thinner than capsules. 
D) A slime layer protects bacteria against drying and helps trap nutrients near a cell. 
A) All bacteria are capable of forming capsules. 
B) The chemical composition of each capsule is unique to a particular strain of bacteria. 
C) Slime layers are usually thinner than capsules. 
D) A slime layer protects bacteria against drying and helps trap nutrients near a cell.

Question 5

Removal of the cell wall of a Gram positive bacteria results in the formation of a _____.

Accepted Answer

A) protoplast 
B) spheroplast 
C) periplast 
D) polyplast 
A) protoplast 
B) spheroplast 
C) periplast 
D) polyplast

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the endosymbiotic hypothesis is false

Accepted Answer

A) Eukaryotic cells have both 70S and 80S ribosomes. 
B) Mitochondria have their own DNA. 
C) When removed from cells,mitochondria continue to grow and divide. 
D) Mitochondria are about the same size as prokaryotic cells. 
A) Eukaryotic cells have both 70S and 80S ribosomes. 
B) Mitochondria have their own DNA. 
C) When removed from cells,mitochondria continue to grow and divide. 
D) Mitochondria are about the same size as prokaryotic cells.

Question 7

The most important structural component of bacterial cell walls is _____.

Accepted Answer

A) teichoic acid 
B) lipotechoic acid 
C) peptidoglycan 
D) glutamic acid 
A) teichoic acid 
B) lipotechoic acid 
C) peptidoglycan 
D) glutamic acid

Question 8

Endospores are usually induced to form when:

Accepted Answer

A) temperatures rise 
B) certain nutrient are depleted 
C) radiation is detected 
D) water is lost from the cell 
A) temperatures rise 
B) certain nutrient are depleted 
C) radiation is detected 
D) water is lost from the cell

Question 9

Which bacterial genus normally lacks a cell wall

Accepted Answer

A) Mycobacterium 
B) Streptococcus 
C) Mycoplasma 
D) Bacillus 
A) Mycobacterium 
B) Streptococcus 
C) Mycoplasma 
D) Bacillus

Question 10

The cytoskeleton consists of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) microfilaments and sterols 
B) microtubules and proteins 
C) microfilaments and microtubules 
D) sterols and proteins 
A) microfilaments and sterols 
B) microtubules and proteins 
C) microfilaments and microtubules 
D) sterols and proteins

Question 11

Prokaryotic cells divide by _____.

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis 
B) binary fission 
C) meiosis 
D) mitosis asexually and meiosis sexually 
A) mitosis 
B) binary fission 
C) meiosis 
D) mitosis asexually and meiosis sexually

Question 12

_____ occurs when bacteria differ widely in form.

Accepted Answer

A) Pleomorphism 
B) Polymorphism 
C) Anamorphism 
D) Telomorphism 
A) Pleomorphism 
B) Polymorphism 
C) Anamorphism 
D) Telomorphism

Question 13

Endospores are typically found in the genus:

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus 
B) Clostridium 
C) Mycobacterium 
D) Staphylococci 
A) Streptococcus 
B) Clostridium 
C) Mycobacterium 
D) Staphylococci

Question 14

Which of the following statements about motility is false

Accepted Answer

A) Chemotaxis is the movement of bacteria toward or away from a chemical. 
B) Pseudopodia are associated with fungi. 
C) Bacteria use helical flagellar movements to orient towards external signals. 
D) Pseudopodia are temporary projections of cytoplasm. 
A) Chemotaxis is the movement of bacteria toward or away from a chemical. 
B) Pseudopodia are associated with fungi. 
C) Bacteria use helical flagellar movements to orient towards external signals. 
D) Pseudopodia are temporary projections of cytoplasm.

Question 15

Mycolic acid would be found primarily in the cell wall of:

Accepted Answer

A) Gram positive bacteria 
B) Gram negative bacteria 
C) Gram variable bacteria 
D) Acid-fast bacteria 
A) Gram positive bacteria 
B) Gram negative bacteria 
C) Gram variable bacteria 
D) Acid-fast bacteria

Question 16

Peptidoglycan makes up more than 50% of a ________ cell wall.

Accepted Answer

A) Gram negative 
B) Gram positive 
C) Gram variable 
D) acid-fast 
A) Gram negative 
B) Gram positive 
C) Gram variable 
D) acid-fast

Question 17

When the fluid within a cell has a higher concentration of dissolved substances than the fluid surrounding the cell,we say the fluid surrounding the cell is _____.

Accepted Answer

A) hypertonic 
B) isotonic 
C) superhypertonic 
D) hypotonic 
A) hypertonic 
B) isotonic 
C) superhypertonic 
D) hypotonic

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the prokaryotic cells surface-to-volume ratio is false

Accepted Answer

A) Because of their small size,bacteria have a small surface-to-volume ratio. 
B) Eukaryotes have surface-to-volume ratio that is only 1/10 that of prokaryotes. 
C) The prokaryotes surface-to-volume ratio means that nutrients can easily and quickly reach all parts of the cell as no internal part of the cell is very far from the surface. 
D) A bacteria with a surface area of about 12 microns squared and a volume of 4 cubic microns has a surface-to-volume ratio of 3:1. 
A) Because of their small size,bacteria have a small surface-to-volume ratio. 
B) Eukaryotes have surface-to-volume ratio that is only 1/10 that of prokaryotes. 
C) The prokaryotes surface-to-volume ratio means that nutrients can easily and quickly reach all parts of the cell as no internal part of the cell is very far from the surface. 
D) A bacteria with a surface area of about 12 microns squared and a volume of 4 cubic microns has a surface-to-volume ratio of 3:1.

Question 19

Bacteria move by means of:

Accepted Answer

A) cilia 
B) flagella 
C) fimbriae 
D) pili 
A) cilia 
B) flagella 
C) fimbriae 
D) pili

Question 20

The charged,phosphate end of a membrane phospholipid is:

Accepted Answer

A) water-fearing 
B) hydrophilic 
C) hydrophobic 
D) none of these 
A) water-fearing 
B) hydrophilic 
C) hydrophobic 
D) none of these

Exam 5: Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

The rough endoplasmic reticulum appears rough because of _____.

The periplasmic space is found _____.

Osmosis most directly involves:

Which of the following statements is false

Removal of the cell wall of a Gram positive bacteria results in the formation of a _____.

Which of the following statements about the endosymbiotic hypothesis is false

The most important structural component of bacterial cell walls is _____.

Endospores are usually induced to form when:

Which bacterial genus normally lacks a cell wall

The cytoskeleton consists of _____.

Prokaryotic cells divide by _____.

_____ occurs when bacteria differ widely in form.

Endospores are typically found in the genus:

Which of the following statements about motility is false

Mycolic acid would be found primarily in the cell wall of:

Peptidoglycan makes up more than 50% of a ________ cell wall.

When the fluid within a cell has a higher concentration of dissolved substances than the fluid surrounding the cell,we say the fluid surrounding the cell is _____.

Which of the following statements about the prokaryotic cells surface-to-volume ratio is false

Bacteria move by means of:

The charged,phosphate end of a membrane phospholipid is:

Scope and History of Microbiology

The Microbiome

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: The Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immune Disorders

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Diseases

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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