Exam 6: Theories of Cognitive Development

Information-processing theorists believe that developmental change occurs

What are five forms of developmental change that occur with age proposed by information-processing theorists?

Cross-cultural studies have shown that scaffolding occurs only in industrialized nations.

Who is likely to be able to answer a hypothetical question such as,"What would happen if no one had to work anymore?"

According to information-processing,as children grow,they develop better strategies,increased capacity of working memory,and more effective executive function.

Preschoolers' naïve theories of biology are complex but incomplete.For instance,they believe that plants are not living things.

Which is most like a computer's RAM (Random Access Memory)?

According to Vygotsky,development is optimal when

The limitless,permanent storehouse of knowledge of the world is called

Piaget claimed that understanding of objects develops slowly,however,modern researchers have shown that babies understand objects much earlier than Piaget claimed.

You are the parent of two young children,ages four and six years.They have been playing outside and they come running inside asking for a drink.All of the drinking glasses in the house,except two,are dirty.One of these glasses is tall and narrow and the other is short and squat.You KNOW that your children will argue with each other if one thinks that the other child is getting more to drink.Based on your knowledge of conservation of liquid in preoperational children,what should you do to avoid an argument? Explain your answer.

The computer is used as a metaphor for the mind in which theory?

You have been watching your friend Deb trying to teach her son Sean how to do a puzzle.Sean has done this puzzle many times and he usually just needs help with the pieces that are in a difficult area that is all black.Deb is trying to help Sean but her instructions would be appropriate for a child who has never done the puzzle before.What can you tell Deb about Vygotsky's theory,in general,and scaffolding,in particular,that might help her teach Sean in more effective ways?

One of Piaget's greatest contributions to teaching was constructivism,the view that children are active participants in their own development.

Information-processing theorists refer to sensory memory,working memory,and long-term memory as mental

Research has shown that infants as young as one year do not have an understanding of intentionality,but by age two,children understand that people's behaviour is often intentional.

As children get older,their speed of processing

Centration is characterized by

Inhibitory processes

Cognitive activities that require very little effort are referred to as