Question 1

Which of the following is true of victims of bullying?

Accepted Answer

A) Boys are more likely than girls to become long-term victims. 
B) Once the bullying stops,so do the psychological consequences of the bullying on the victim. 
C) The harmful effects of bullying may linger when the bullying itself is long over. 
D) All victims of bullying are passive. 
A) Boys are more likely than girls to become long-term victims. 
B) Once the bullying stops,so do the psychological consequences of the bullying on the victim. 
C) The harmful effects of bullying may linger when the bullying itself is long over. 
D) All victims of bullying are passive.

Question 2

A new student in school enters the cafeteria looking lonely and scared.Who is most likely to help the new student adjust to school by showing her how to get her lunch and sitting with her?

Accepted Answer

A) Allie,who knows her from church 
B) Sarah,who isn't familiar with the cafeteria routine because she usually eats at home 
C) Janelle,who was punished by the teacher earlier in the day 
D) Emily,who won't be able to talk to her friends if she sits with the new student 
A) Allie,who knows her from church 
B) Sarah,who isn't familiar with the cafeteria routine because she usually eats at home 
C) Janelle,who was punished by the teacher earlier in the day 
D) Emily,who won't be able to talk to her friends if she sits with the new student

Question 3

Parental use of ________ is associated with high levels of aggressive behaviour in children.

Accepted Answer

A) reasoning 
B) time out 
C) physical punishment 
D) positive reinforcement 
A) reasoning 
B) time out 
C) physical punishment 
D) positive reinforcement

Question 4

Lyndon is an eight-year-old boy who wants to have everything now! He seems unable to wait for anything.For example,although his parents have encouraged him to save a small portion of his weekly allowance,Lyndon invariably spends all of it,usually on the day that he receives it.How might his parents encourage Lyndon to exercise self-control and delay gratification?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 5

Michael decided that hugging his grandmother was a good thing to do,because every time he did,she gave him a piece of candy.Michael is in Kohlberg's ________ level of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) unconventional 
B) conventional 
C) postconventional 
D) preconventional 
A) unconventional 
B) conventional 
C) postconventional 
D) preconventional

Question 6

According to Piaget's theory of moral development,five- to seven-year-old children are in a stage called ________,in which they believe that rules are created by wise adults,and,therefore,must be followed and cannot be changed.

Accepted Answer

A) moral relativism 
B) moral realism 
C) the preconventional level 
D) the conventional level 
A) moral relativism 
B) moral realism 
C) the preconventional level 
D) the conventional level

Question 7

Research suggests that children who are highly aggressive

Accepted Answer

A) are equally likely to be boys or girls. 
B) are more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older. 
C) are likely to remain aggressive but are no more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older. 
D) are simply being playful and are likely to outgrow their aggressiveness as they get older. 
A) are equally likely to be boys or girls. 
B) are more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older. 
C) are likely to remain aggressive but are no more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older. 
D) are simply being playful and are likely to outgrow their aggressiveness as they get older.

Question 8

Children who are most likely to resist temptation

Accepted Answer

A) frequently look at the tempting object. 
B) remind themselves of rules against touching the tempting object. 
C) do not try to divert attention from the object of temptation. 
D) do not have a concrete way of handling the temptation. 
A) frequently look at the tempting object. 
B) remind themselves of rules against touching the tempting object. 
C) do not try to divert attention from the object of temptation. 
D) do not have a concrete way of handling the temptation.

Question 9

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they do not feel responsible for the person in need.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following does Carol Gilligan believe forms the basis of moral reasoning in women?

Accepted Answer

A) justice 
B) care and concern for others 
C) the need to find rewards and avoid guilt 
D) the need to mature 
A) justice 
B) care and concern for others 
C) the need to find rewards and avoid guilt 
D) the need to mature

Question 11

A person in Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning stresses the need for conformity to the existing social norms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 13

Colin committed murder.Courtney failed to send thank-you notes for gifts.What kind of transgressions did Colin and Courtney commit?

Accepted Answer

A) Colin and Courtney both violated moral rules. 
B) Colin and Courtney both violated social conventions. 
C) Colin violated a moral rule,but Courtney violated a social convention. 
D) Colin violated a social convention,but Courtney violated a moral rule. 
A) Colin and Courtney both violated moral rules. 
B) Colin and Courtney both violated social conventions. 
C) Colin violated a moral rule,but Courtney violated a social convention. 
D) Colin violated a social convention,but Courtney violated a moral rule.

Question 14

One likely path of genetic influence in helping behaviour involves ________,a hormone that influences many social behaviours (e.g. ,nurturance,empathy,affiliation,and cooperation).

Accepted Answer

A) oxytocin 
B) testosterone 
C) estrogen 
D) adrenaline 
A) oxytocin 
B) testosterone 
C) estrogen 
D) adrenaline

Question 15

Self-control is the ability to control one's behaviour and to inhibit impulsive responding to temptations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to research,how does the moral reasoning of males and females compare?

Accepted Answer

A) Males think about moral issues in terms of justice,while females think about moral issues in terms of caring for others. 
B) Males emphasize interpersonal relations when using moral reasoning,whereas females are more likely to consider justice. 
C) Male moral reasoning tends to be more advanced than female moral reasoning. 
D) Males and females do not differ markedly in the bases of their moral reasoning. 
A) Males think about moral issues in terms of justice,while females think about moral issues in terms of caring for others. 
B) Males emphasize interpersonal relations when using moral reasoning,whereas females are more likely to consider justice. 
C) Male moral reasoning tends to be more advanced than female moral reasoning. 
D) Males and females do not differ markedly in the bases of their moral reasoning.

Question 17

Children are more likely to be aggressive when parents are coercive and emotionally uninvested in them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Research has shown that both men and women use caring for others and justice as bases for moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Victims of aggression are less tolerant of personal attacks when their self-esteem increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Children who develop concrete ways of resisting temptation (e.g. ,singing,reminding oneself of the rules,etc. ) are more likely to be successful at resisting temptation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following is true of victims of bullying?

A new student in school enters the cafeteria looking lonely and scared.Who is most likely to help the new student adjust to school by showing her how to get her lunch and sitting with her?

Parental use of ________ is associated with high levels of aggressive behaviour in children.

Michael decided that hugging his grandmother was a good thing to do,because every time he did,she gave him a piece of candy.Michael is in Kohlberg's ________ level of moral reasoning.

According to Piaget's theory of moral development,five- to seven-year-old children are in a stage called ________,in which they believe that rules are created by wise adults,and,therefore,must be followed and cannot be changed.

Research suggests that children who are highly aggressive

Children who are most likely to resist temptation

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they do not feel responsible for the person in need.

Which of the following does Carol Gilligan believe forms the basis of moral reasoning in women?

A person in Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning stresses the need for conformity to the existing social norms.

Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning.

Colin committed murder.Courtney failed to send thank-you notes for gifts.What kind of transgressions did Colin and Courtney commit?

One likely path of genetic influence in helping behaviour involves ________,a hormone that influences many social behaviours (e.g. ,nurturance,empathy,affiliation,and cooperation).

Self-control is the ability to control one's behaviour and to inhibit impulsive responding to temptations.

According to research,how does the moral reasoning of males and females compare?

Children are more likely to be aggressive when parents are coercive and emotionally uninvested in them.

Research has shown that both men and women use caring for others and justice as bases for moral reasoning.

Victims of aggression are less tolerant of personal attacks when their self-esteem increases.

Children who develop concrete ways of resisting temptation (e.g. ,singing,reminding oneself of the rules,etc. ) are more likely to be successful at resisting temptation.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Social Influences

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Exam 12: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Which of the following is true of victims of bullying?

A new student in school enters the cafeteria looking lonely and scared.Who is most likely to help the new student adjust to school by showing her how to get her lunch and sitting with her?

Parental use of ________ is associated with high levels of aggressive behaviour in children.

Michael decided that hugging his grandmother was a good thing to do,because every time he did,she gave him a piece of candy.Michael is in Kohlberg's ________ level of moral reasoning.

According to Piaget's theory of moral development,five- to seven-year-old children are in a stage called ________,in which they believe that rules are created by wise adults,and,therefore,must be followed and cannot be changed.

Research suggests that children who are highly aggressive

Children who are most likely to resist temptation

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they do not feel responsible for the person in need.

Which of the following does Carol Gilligan believe forms the basis of moral reasoning in women?

A person in Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning stresses the need for conformity to the existing social norms.

Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning.

Colin committed murder.Courtney failed to send thank-you notes for gifts.What kind of transgressions did Colin and Courtney commit?

One likely path of genetic influence in helping behaviour involves ________,a hormone that influences many social behaviours (e.g. ,nurturance,empathy,affiliation,and cooperation).

Self-control is the ability to control one's behaviour and to inhibit impulsive responding to temptations.

According to research,how does the moral reasoning of males and females compare?

Children are more likely to be aggressive when parents are coercive and emotionally uninvested in them.

Research has shown that both men and women use caring for others and justice as bases for moral reasoning.

Victims of aggression are less tolerant of personal attacks when their self-esteem increases.

Children who develop concrete ways of resisting temptation (e.g. ,singing,reminding oneself of the rules,etc. ) are more likely to be successful at resisting temptation.

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters