Question 1

Some bacteria are responsible for degrading concrete. How do they accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

In concrete sewer pipes, some microbes d

Question 2

Discuss the impact of deforestation on atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

Accepted Answer

Deforestation leads to increased CO₂ leve

Question 3

In the marine photic zone, the rate of photosynthesis:

Accepted Answer

A)  is equal to the amount of CO2 released from the niche 
B)  exceeds the rate of respiration 
C)  is less than the respiration rate 
D)  does not affect carbon cycling 
E)  is inversely related to rate of respiration 
A)  is equal to the amount of CO2 released from the niche 
B)  exceeds the rate of respiration 
C)  is less than the respiration rate 
D)  does not affect carbon cycling 
E)  is inversely related to rate of respiration

Question 4

Why do farmers apply isoflavonoids to their fields?

Accepted Answer

A)  to decrease the amount of oxygen 
B)  to increase the amount of carbon 
C)  to decrease the number of plant pathogens 
D)  to increase the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria 
E)  to directly stimulate plant growth 
A)  to decrease the amount of oxygen 
B)  to increase the amount of carbon 
C)  to decrease the number of plant pathogens 
D)  to increase the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria 
E)  to directly stimulate plant growth

Question 5

Which of the following can readily assimilate Fe3+?

Accepted Answer

A)  plants 
B)  bacteria 
C)  animals 
D)  fungi 
E)  protists 
A)  plants 
B)  bacteria 
C)  animals 
D)  fungi 
E)  protists

Question 6

In polluted ocean waters, what type of organisms may contribute significantly to global warming?

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthetic algae 
B)  methanogens 
C)  vent bacteria 
D)  marine mammals 
E)  denitrifying bacteria 
A)  photosynthetic algae 
B)  methanogens 
C)  vent bacteria 
D)  marine mammals 
E)  denitrifying bacteria

Question 7

Which is the most stable form of nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  NO 
B)  NO2- 
C)  N2 
D)  NH3 
E)  NH 
A)  NO 
B)  NO2- 
C)  N2 
D)  NH3 
E)  NH

Question 8

Much of the carbon and nitrogen in wetlands is cycled by:

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  plants and aerobic heterotrophs 
C)  wild fire 
D)  anaerobic bacteria and archaea such as methanogens 
E)  cyanobacteria and phototrophs 
A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  plants and aerobic heterotrophs 
C)  wild fire 
D)  anaerobic bacteria and archaea such as methanogens 
E)  cyanobacteria and phototrophs

Question 9

What are two mechanisms used by marine organisms to adapt to the paucity of phosphorous supply?

Accepted Answer

Some marine organisms can cut their phos

Question 10

Which of the following reservoirs contains the most rapidly cycled carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmosphere 
B)  ocean biomass 
C)  ocean inorganic molecules 
D)  land biomass 
E)  crust below land and ocean 
A)  the atmosphere 
B)  ocean biomass 
C)  ocean inorganic molecules 
D)  land biomass 
E)  crust below land and ocean

Question 11

On which of the following planets does humankind expect to find life because of the similarity of its geology to that of Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jupiter 
B)  Venus 
C)  Mars 
D)  Jupiter's moon Europa 
E)  Pluto 
A)  Jupiter 
B)  Venus 
C)  Mars 
D)  Jupiter's moon Europa 
E)  Pluto

Question 12

The largest reservoir for carbon is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the atmosphere 
B)  ocean biomass 
C)  carbonate rocks and subsurface carbon 
D)  wetlands 
E)  fossil fuels 
A)  the atmosphere 
B)  ocean biomass 
C)  carbonate rocks and subsurface carbon 
D)  wetlands 
E)  fossil fuels

Question 13

Nitrogen is a major element for life on Earth. Discuss some of the reasons for its versatile use.

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen has the highest number of oxida

Question 14

The element with the highest percentage of dry weight in bacteria is:

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium 
B)  carbon 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  nitrogen 
E)  phosphorus 
A)  calcium 
B)  carbon 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  nitrogen 
E)  phosphorus

Question 15

Compare and contrast the burning of fossil fuels in modern times with the rise of ancient cyanobacteria on atmospheric and planetary conditions.

Accepted Answer

Both of these activities alter the atmos

Question 16

Describe the wetland system set up by a hog farmer to treat his hog-farm waste.

Accepted Answer

Marshes and wetlands act as natural filt

Question 17

Which of the following would decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  burning of logs 
B)  microbial decomposition of logs 
C)  increase in photosynthesis by plants 
D)  anaerobic decay of debris 
E)  increase in respiration by animals 
A)  burning of logs 
B)  microbial decomposition of logs 
C)  increase in photosynthesis by plants 
D)  anaerobic decay of debris 
E)  increase in respiration by animals

Question 18

Discuss how human activities have perturbed the nitrogen cycle.

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen gas constitutes about 79% of

Question 19

What would happen if household wastewater was emptied into local receiving rivers without prior treatment?

Accepted Answer

Wastewater is rich in organic matter, wh

Question 20

Which of the following is a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon 
B)  iron 
C)  zinc 
D)  phosphorus 
E)  nitrogen 
A)  carbon 
B)  iron 
C)  zinc 
D)  phosphorus 
E)  nitrogen

Exam 22: Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Some bacteria are responsible for degrading concrete. How do they accomplish this?

Discuss the impact of deforestation on atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

In the marine photic zone, the rate of photosynthesis:

Why do farmers apply isoflavonoids to their fields?

Which of the following can readily assimilate Fe3+?

In polluted ocean waters, what type of organisms may contribute significantly to global warming?

Which is the most stable form of nitrogen?

Much of the carbon and nitrogen in wetlands is cycled by:

What are two mechanisms used by marine organisms to adapt to the paucity of phosphorous supply?

Which of the following reservoirs contains the most rapidly cycled carbon?

On which of the following planets does humankind expect to find life because of the similarity of its geology to that of Earth?

The largest reservoir for carbon is:

Nitrogen is a major element for life on Earth. Discuss some of the reasons for its versatile use.

The element with the highest percentage of dry weight in bacteria is:

Compare and contrast the burning of fossil fuels in modern times with the rise of ancient cyanobacteria on atmospheric and planetary conditions.

Describe the wetland system set up by a hog farmer to treat his hog-farm waste.

Which of the following would decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Discuss how human activities have perturbed the nitrogen cycle.

What would happen if household wastewater was emptied into local receiving rivers without prior treatment?

Which of the following is a macronutrient?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Bio-techniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

What Do Winning Organizations Do Well

Understanding Customer Needs

Choosing Which Customers to Serve

Developing a Strong Marketing Plan

Product and Brand Strategies

Pricing Strategies

Channel Strategies

Marketing Communications Strategies

Delivering Customer Value

Building a Customer-Focused Business

Customer Attraction, Satisfaction, and Retention Strategies

Building the Marketing Organization of the Future

Filters

Which of the following can readily assimilate Fe³⁺?