Exam 3: The Self

The tendency for people to take credit for their successes but blame failures on other people or on outside circumstances is known as ____.

In Nisbett and Wilson's (1977) studies, when people made choices about which stockings to buy, the people said that they made their choice based on ____.

Research has shown that children are less likely to steal Halloween candy if there is a big mirror in front of them than if there is no mirror. This finding illustrates the fact that ____.

Which "self" involves decision-making?

Self-presentation is considered hypocritical by modern social psychologists.

After several politicians made comments about "legitimate" rape and even argued that, when it resulted in the birth of a child, rape could have positive outcomes, many wondered if the politicians had any idea how others perceived them and the statements they made. In social psychological terms, their ____ self-awareness was questioned.

People who are clinically depressed tend to ____.

When comparing themselves to others, most people choose to compare themselves to people who are ____.

Damian is asked how he is feeling as he gets ready to take the MCAT. He says he is really "calm" but also "nervous." Damian's response suggests that he has ____.

People try to make impressions on others by explicitly telling other people things about themselves ("I have a lot of experience with this"), by wearing certain brands (e.g., Birkenstock, Stussy, Nike, Prada), and by using certain body language (e.g., strutting or crossing one's legs). These are all examples of ________________.

Consider the self-enhancement motive, the consistency motive, and the appraisal motive. According to research, which of these three motives appears to be the strongest when conflicts arise between motives?

Jake grew up in a really religious home, but when he is at college he never goes to church. He considers how rarely he goes to church without his family, and decides that religion must not be very important to him. Jake's experience is best explained by social comparison theory.

If you compare your grade to the grades your friends in this class got and find out they all did better than you on the last test, you have made a downwards social comparison.

Tyra is preparing to take a big standardized exam that contains an English portion and a Mathematics portion. Tyra is convinced that she is strong in English, and that she will perform well on the English part of the exam. But she is equally convinced that she is bad at math, and that she will bomb the Mathematics portion. If Tyra has a strong consistency motive, then ____.

Who is MOST likely to go vote in an election?

Whereas people with high self-esteem are likely to think "I am great," people with low self-esteem are likely to think, ____.

Research on self-esteem and sexuality suggests that, for young women, high self-esteem is related to ____.

According to your text's analysis of revising self-knowledge, changing the way you think about yourself is difficult because ____.

Jetta wonders how she is doing in her class. At first, she thinks she is doing well because she is getting a "B." Then she finds out that nearly every other person in the class is getting an "A" and she feels less happy. The theory of ____ explains why Jetta feels less happy once she finds out how others are doing in the class, too.

Young actors, models, and musicians often get involved with drugs and alcohol very quickly after rising to success. While there are many factors that contribute to this pattern, it is sometimes suggested that young stars get "mixed up" with drugs and alcohol so that they have a good "excuse" in case their career takes a turn for the worse (i.e., they can simply blame misfortunes on "partying too much" rather than on a personal lack of talent-which would seem much more painful!). If this is true, then it would be correct to say that stars who "party too much" are often engaging in ____.