Exam 1: Critical Thinking: Why Its Important?

When Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1815-1902)refused to support the Fifteenth Amendment,which gave voting rights to black men but not to women,she argued that the Amendment had the logical flaw known as "false dilemma."

Having good analytic communication,good research skills,and advanced cognitive development are factors that shape how well a person thinks analytically,but not critically.

The War of 1812 is an example of failed military strategy,i.e.a subgroup of critical thinking strategy,in that the U.S.did not adequately assess the Canadian response to the U.S.mission to annex Canada.

Clichés help simplify the issue and get to the heart of the matter that is to be critically analyzed.

Having good research and inquiry skills involves being able to

People with low self-esteem,although they are less successful in life,are not thereby more vulnerable to manipulation by others.

What generalization is suggested by the Milgram experiment and the Stanford University prison experiment?

"Sophomoritis" is the term educators apply to people who are immature and over-confident.

Resistance,defined as "the use of immature defense mechanisms that are rigid,impulsive,maladaptive,and nonanalytical" can act as a barrier to critical thinking.

William Perry,and then later researchers,studied the cognitive development of college students.When the results are simplified into a developmental continuum of three stages,the third stage is called

Seeking out only evidence that supports one's views and dismissing as unreliable statistics that contradict those views is known as

According to the 2013 Freshman Survey,the most important objective for students entering college is "raising a family."

Name a necessary element of effective decision making.

Al Gore,in his book Assault on Reason (2007),claims that when there is an increase in the power of the government and an increase in the control of the media by the wealthy,there is a corresponding

The word critical is derived from the Greek word kritikos,which means "discernment," "ability to judge," or "decision-making."

What resources did the participants in the Milgram and Stanford University prison experiments who resisted hurting their subjects have that the other participants probably did not?

Some people think that the cognitive developmental stage known as "relativism"-viz.when students stop thinking in "black and white" ways and swing to the other extreme of thinking there are no right and wrong answers at all-is really not a genuine philosophical position at all,but rather a means of avoiding having one's ideas challenged.

When Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans,hundreds of people died who might otherwise have been saved,due to what critical thinking error?

Critical thinking skills have been found to help us

Effective critical thinkers are able to balance belief and doubt with an attitude of