Exam 11: The Challenges of Intercultural Communication: Managing Differences

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What recommendations were made to avoid prejudice and racism?  How are they similar?​

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Several recommendations have been made to avoid prejudice and racism. Some of these recommendations include promoting diversity and inclusion in all aspects of society, educating people about the harmful effects of prejudice and racism, implementing anti-discrimination policies and laws, and encouraging open and respectful dialogue about these issues.

These recommendations are similar in that they all aim to address the root causes of prejudice and racism by promoting understanding, empathy, and equality. They emphasize the importance of creating a more inclusive and equitable society where everyone is treated with respect and dignity regardless of their race or background. Additionally, they all recognize the need for ongoing education and awareness to challenge and change prejudiced attitudes and behaviors. Overall, these recommendations share the common goal of creating a more just and harmonious society for all individuals.

The two most important aspects of flexible stereotyping are: ​

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What are stereotypes and how do people acquire them?​

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Stereotypes are oversimplified, fixed, and often negative beliefs or assumptions about a particular group of people. They can be based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, religion, or nationality. People acquire stereotypes through a variety of ways, including socialization, media influence, personal experiences, and cultural norms.

During the process of socialization, individuals learn about the world around them and the people in it. This includes learning about different social groups and the characteristics associated with them. Media, including television, movies, and the internet, also play a significant role in shaping stereotypes. The portrayal of certain groups in a particular way can reinforce and perpetuate stereotypes.

Personal experiences, whether direct or indirect, can also contribute to the formation of stereotypes. For example, if someone has a negative encounter with a person from a specific group, they may generalize that experience to the entire group. Additionally, cultural norms and societal attitudes can influence the development of stereotypes.

It's important to recognize that stereotypes are often inaccurate and can lead to prejudice and discrimination. Challenging and unlearning stereotypes involves education, exposure to diverse perspectives, and actively seeking to understand and empathize with others. By acknowledging and addressing stereotypes, individuals can work towards creating a more inclusive and equitable society.

Ethnocentrism,stereotyping,prejudice,and racism are all linked to a "narrow lens."​

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A rigid,irrational generalization about a category of people is also referred to as ____.​

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Define prejudice and provide an example.

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Discuss each of the three characteristics of ethnocentrism described in the text. Be sure to include the concepts of levels,universality,and contributions to cultural identity.​

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Why are stereotypes pervasive? ​

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To function effectively,a society does not need to have any ethnic pride and loyalty to its unique cultural traditions.​

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What is the term used to describe 'a cognitive structure containing the perceiver's knowledge,beliefs,and expectancies about some human social groups? 

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At what stage of culture shock does a person begin to recognize the reality of the new setting? ​

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Stereotypes are learned,not innate.​

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A great deal of prejudice is built into the major organizations and institutions of a society.

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What recommendations did the authors offer readers to help them avoid ethnocentric tendencies?​

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Regardless of culture,everyone is ethnocentric to some degree.​

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The strongest level of expressed prejudice is ____.​

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The second stage of culture shock is the crisis period.

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Learning about the language of a host culture is all about language acquisition.​

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What are the levels of ethnocentrism? ​

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Stereotypes are resistant to change and once formed,tend to be reinforced rather than  reduced through direct contact with the target group.

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