Exam 1: Developing Self-Awareness

You are a vice-president of operations for a Fortune 500 company and have six area managers reporting to you.Using Rokeach's value classification system,identify and explain the key values your managers are most likely to perceive as the most important to their success in the workplace.

Based on the Locus of Control Scale you determine you are an external.This means that you have always been an external and will always be an external,because locus of control is a fixed trait.

Your boss was arrested for embezzlement at the office.As he walks past you handcuffed,he states,"You know,you and I possess the same values,I just didn't have the courage to act on mine." Which is the boss an example of?

Self-awareness is at the foundation of personal life management skills.

Specific vs.diffuse refers to the cultural dimension that either general societal rules or relationships with others govern people's behavior.

Someone who is strong on the planning dimension of cognitive style tends to seek agendas,outlines,and clear processes.

After graduation you have decided to stay in Bedford Falls,the only place you have ever known.Which area of self-awareness probably affected your decision?

To know one's self,what is most prescribed?

Which is not one of the most researched big five personality attributes?

Describe examples (either from real life or a story of your own construction)that depicts at least two of Trompenaar's pairs of cultural dimensions.What behaviors or attitudes are associated with each dimension in the examples you describe?

Managers of Spanish or Hispanic origin place a high degree of emphasis on personal accomplishments and achievements.

The concept of sensitive line refers to the point at which individuals welcome information about themselves from their co-workers.

Describe a story (either fictional or from real life)that depicts an individual developing through the three major phases of value maturity.

Which is true concerning people who have higher core self-evaluation scores?

Self-awareness can be managed by exercising minimal control over when and what kind of information one receives about oneself and by not involving others in the pursuit of self-understanding.

The three dimensions of tolerance of ambiguity are novelty,insolubility,and control.

Javier was getting a drink from the water cooler when Hartman approached excitedly and exclaimed,"Guess what,Javier? I got the deal ...I got the big contract ...we finally closed the sale with that giant computer company.I am so excited." Javier responded in a soft voice,"That's nice." Which emotional intelligence ability does Javier most likely need to develop?

Research suggests people with an internal locus of control (1)are more satisfied with work,(2)outperform externals in stressful situations,and (3)are less accurate in processing feedback about successes and failures than externals.Which statements are correct?

Communist Prison Camp To understand the development of increased self-awareness, it is helpful to consider the opposite process: the destruction of self-awareness. Understanding the growth process is often enhanced by understanding the deterioration process. In the case below, a process of psychological self-destruction is described as it occurred among prisoners of war during the Korean War. Consider how these processes that destroy self-awareness can be reversed to create greater self-awareness. The setting is a prisoner of war camp managed by the Communist Chinese. In such prisons the total regimen, consisting of physical privation, prolonged interrogation, total isolation from former relationships and sources of information, detailed regimentation of all daily activities, and deliberate humiliation and degradation, was geared to producing a confession of alleged crimes, the assumption of a penitent role, and the adoption of a Communist frame of reference. The prisoner was not informed what his crimes were, nor was he permitted to evade the issue by making up a false confession. Instead, what the prisoner learned he must do was reevaluate his past from the point of view of the Communists and recognize that most of his former attitudes and behavior were actually criminal from this point of view. A priest who had dispensed food to needy peasants in his mission church had to "recognize" that he was actually a tool of imperialism and was using his missionary activities as a cover for exploitation of the peasants. Even worse, he had used food as blackmail to accomplish his aims. The key technique used by the Communists to produce social alienation to a degree sufficient to allow such redefinition and reevaluation to occur was to put the prisoner into a cell with four or more other prisoners who were somewhat more advanced in their "thought reform" than he. Such a cell usually had one leader who was responsible to the prison authorities, and the progress of the whole cell was made contingent on the progress of the least "reformed" member. This condition meant in practice that four or more cell members devoted all their energies to getting their least "reformed" member to recognize "the truth" about himself and to confess. To accomplish this, they typically swore at, harangued, beat, denounced, humiliated, reviled, and brutalized their victim 24 hours a day, sometimes for weeks or months on end. If the authorities felt that the prisoner was basically uncooperative, they manacled his hands behind his back and chained his ankles, which made him completely dependent on his cellmates for the fulfillment of his basic needs. It was this reduction to an animal-like existence in front of other humans that constituted the ultimate humiliation and led to the destruction of the prisoner’s image of himself. Even in his own eyes he became something not worthy of the regard of his fellow man. If, to avoid complete physical and personal destruction, the prisoner began to confess in the manner desired of him, he was usually forced to prove his sincerity by making irrevocable behavioral commitments, such as denouncing and implicating his friends and relatives in his own newly recognized crimes. Once he had done this, he became further alienated from his former self, even in his own eyes, and could seek security only in a new identity and new social relationships. Aiding this process of confessing was the fact that the crimes gave the prisoner something concrete to which to attach the free-floating guilt which the accusing environment and his own humiliation usually stimulated. A good example was the plight of the sick and wounded prisoners of war who, because of their physical confinement, were unable to escape from continual conflict with their interrogator or instructor, and who often ended up forming a close relationship with him. Chinese Communist instructors often encouraged prisoners to take long walks or have informal talks with them and offered as incentives cigarettes, tea, and other rewards. If the prisoner was willing to cooperate and become a “progressive,” he could join with other “progressives” in an active group life. Within the political prison, the group cell not only provided the forces toward alienation but also offered the road to a “new self.” Not only were there available among the fellow prisoners individuals with whom the prisoner could identify because of their shared plight, but once he showed any tendency to seek a new identity by trying to reevaluate his past, he received a whole range of rewards, of which the most important was the interpersonal information that he was again a person worthy of respect and regard. -What could be done to reform or rebuild the self-awareness of these prisoners? What can be done to help individuals without self-awareness to improve that skill?

Communist Prison Camp To understand the development of increased self-awareness, it is helpful to consider the opposite process: the destruction of self-awareness. Understanding the growth process is often enhanced by understanding the deterioration process. In the case below, a process of psychological self-destruction is described as it occurred among prisoners of war during the Korean War. Consider how these processes that destroy self-awareness can be reversed to create greater self-awareness. The setting is a prisoner of war camp managed by the Communist Chinese. In such prisons the total regimen, consisting of physical privation, prolonged interrogation, total isolation from former relationships and sources of information, detailed regimentation of all daily activities, and deliberate humiliation and degradation, was geared to producing a confession of alleged crimes, the assumption of a penitent role, and the adoption of a Communist frame of reference. The prisoner was not informed what his crimes were, nor was he permitted to evade the issue by making up a false confession. Instead, what the prisoner learned he must do was reevaluate his past from the point of view of the Communists and recognize that most of his former attitudes and behavior were actually criminal from this point of view. A priest who had dispensed food to needy peasants in his mission church had to "recognize" that he was actually a tool of imperialism and was using his missionary activities as a cover for exploitation of the peasants. Even worse, he had used food as blackmail to accomplish his aims. The key technique used by the Communists to produce social alienation to a degree sufficient to allow such redefinition and reevaluation to occur was to put the prisoner into a cell with four or more other prisoners who were somewhat more advanced in their "thought reform" than he. Such a cell usually had one leader who was responsible to the prison authorities, and the progress of the whole cell was made contingent on the progress of the least "reformed" member. This condition meant in practice that four or more cell members devoted all their energies to getting their least "reformed" member to recognize "the truth" about himself and to confess. To accomplish this, they typically swore at, harangued, beat, denounced, humiliated, reviled, and brutalized their victim 24 hours a day, sometimes for weeks or months on end. If the authorities felt that the prisoner was basically uncooperative, they manacled his hands behind his back and chained his ankles, which made him completely dependent on his cellmates for the fulfillment of his basic needs. It was this reduction to an animal-like existence in front of other humans that constituted the ultimate humiliation and led to the destruction of the prisoner’s image of himself. Even in his own eyes he became something not worthy of the regard of his fellow man. If, to avoid complete physical and personal destruction, the prisoner began to confess in the manner desired of him, he was usually forced to prove his sincerity by making irrevocable behavioral commitments, such as denouncing and implicating his friends and relatives in his own newly recognized crimes. Once he had done this, he became further alienated from his former self, even in his own eyes, and could seek security only in a new identity and new social relationships. Aiding this process of confessing was the fact that the crimes gave the prisoner something concrete to which to attach the free-floating guilt which the accusing environment and his own humiliation usually stimulated. A good example was the plight of the sick and wounded prisoners of war who, because of their physical confinement, were unable to escape from continual conflict with their interrogator or instructor, and who often ended up forming a close relationship with him. Chinese Communist instructors often encouraged prisoners to take long walks or have informal talks with them and offered as incentives cigarettes, tea, and other rewards. If the prisoner was willing to cooperate and become a “progressive,” he could join with other “progressives” in an active group life. Within the political prison, the group cell not only provided the forces toward alienation but also offered the road to a “new self.” Not only were there available among the fellow prisoners individuals with whom the prisoner could identify because of their shared plight, but once he showed any tendency to seek a new identity by trying to reevaluate his past, he received a whole range of rewards, of which the most important was the interpersonal information that he was again a person worthy of respect and regard. -What mechanisms do people use,and what mechanisms could the prisoners of war have used,to resist a change in their self-concepts?