Question 1

Which of the following is true of neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurons have a high metabolic rate and require a continuous source of fuel. 
B)  The dendrites store nutrients and oxygen for later use by the soma of the neuron. 
C)  Dead neurons are consumed by other neurons. 
D)  Neurons make up 89 percent of the volume of the brain. 
E)  Dead glial cells are replaced by newly formed neurons. 
A)  Neurons have a high metabolic rate and require a continuous source of fuel. 
B)  The dendrites store nutrients and oxygen for later use by the soma of the neuron. 
C)  Dead neurons are consumed by other neurons. 
D)  Neurons make up 89 percent of the volume of the brain. 
E)  Dead glial cells are replaced by newly formed neurons.

Question 2

Autoreceptors

Accepted Answer

A)  are sensitive to the presence of neuropeptides in the synapse. 
B)  control the release of calcium ions from the axon terminal. 
C)  mostly facilitate neuron function. 
D)  are metabotropic in nature. 
E)  control the formation of new dendritic spines. 
A)  are sensitive to the presence of neuropeptides in the synapse. 
B)  control the release of calcium ions from the axon terminal. 
C)  mostly facilitate neuron function. 
D)  are metabotropic in nature. 
E)  control the formation of new dendritic spines.

Question 3

An anion is positively charged ion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

________ are charged particles formed when certain molecules dissolves in water.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ions 
B)  Solvents 
C)  Electrolytes 
D)  Electrons 
E)  Proteins 
A)  Ions 
B)  Solvents 
C)  Electrolytes 
D)  Electrons 
E)  Proteins

Question 5

________ is made up of thirteen filaments arranged around a hollow core and is involved in axoplasmic transport.

Accepted Answer

A)  The myelin sheath 
B)  The terminal button 
C)  A neurofilament 
D)  A nanotubule 
E)  A microtubule 
A)  The myelin sheath 
B)  The terminal button 
C)  A neurofilament 
D)  A nanotubule 
E)  A microtubule

Question 6

The transmitter acetylcholine is primarily inactivated by reuptake of the molecule into the axon terminal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The _____ carries information from the cell body out to the terminal buttons.

Accepted Answer

A)  soma. 
B)  axon. 
C)  dendrites. 
D)  terminal buttons. 
E)  glia 
A)  soma. 
B)  axon. 
C)  dendrites. 
D)  terminal buttons. 
E)  glia

Question 8

The cell membrane is formed by a single layer of lipid molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What would you expect the impact to be on an organism treated with a drug that blocks neuronal sodium channels?

Accepted Answer

Rapid death owing to

Question 10

Neuronal signals are carried across the synapse by

Accepted Answer

A)  direct electrical connections between the two cells. 
B)  the secretion of transmitter molecules into the synapse. 
C)  the transfer of ions from one cell to another. 
D)  an inhibitory effect of a transmitter molecule on the postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  an influx of potassium ions into the axon terminal. 
A)  direct electrical connections between the two cells. 
B)  the secretion of transmitter molecules into the synapse. 
C)  the transfer of ions from one cell to another. 
D)  an inhibitory effect of a transmitter molecule on the postsynaptic membrane. 
E)  an influx of potassium ions into the axon terminal.

Question 11

The process which terminates the postsynaptic potentials induced by most neurotransmitters is

Accepted Answer

A)  disruption of the postsynaptic receptor. 
B)  enzymatic degradation of the transmitter molecule. 
C)  inhibition of transmitter synthesis. 
D)  facilitation of transmitter release. 
E)  reuptake of the molecule into the axon terminal. 
A)  disruption of the postsynaptic receptor. 
B)  enzymatic degradation of the transmitter molecule. 
C)  inhibition of transmitter synthesis. 
D)  facilitation of transmitter release. 
E)  reuptake of the molecule into the axon terminal.

Question 12

Match up the correct pairing of a receptor type with its action.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic; direct opening of an ion channel 
B)  ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel 
C)  ionotropic; G-protein activation leads to activation of a second messenger 
D)  metabotropic; second messenger effects that are specific to neuronal communication 
E)  metabotropic; rapid and short-lived effects on ion channels 
A)  ionotropic; direct opening of an ion channel 
B)  ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel 
C)  ionotropic; G-protein activation leads to activation of a second messenger 
D)  metabotropic; second messenger effects that are specific to neuronal communication 
E)  metabotropic; rapid and short-lived effects on ion channels

Question 13

Saltatory conduction speeds up conduction velocity in non-myelinated neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Both electrostatic and diffusion forces affect the concentration of ions in the extracellular and intracellular fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following cells are important for the immune system reaction to brain damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells 
B)  phagocytes 
C)  dendrocytes 
D)  astrocytes 
E)  microglia 
A)  Schwann cells 
B)  phagocytes 
C)  dendrocytes 
D)  astrocytes 
E)  microglia

Question 16

A key event for the release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic membrane is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpolarization of the axon membrane. 
B)  arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal. 
C)  influx of potassium ions into the axon terminal. 
D)  activation of the sodium-potassium pumps. 
E)  opening of ion channels within the microtubules. 
A)  hyperpolarization of the axon membrane. 
B)  arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal. 
C)  influx of potassium ions into the axon terminal. 
D)  activation of the sodium-potassium pumps. 
E)  opening of ion channels within the microtubules.

Question 17

The membranes that most commonly form synapses are the ________ and the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  axon terminals; dendrites 
B)  dendrites; soma 
C)  soma; glial 
D)  axon terminals; soma 
E)  glial cells; soma 
A)  axon terminals; dendrites 
B)  dendrites; soma 
C)  soma; glial 
D)  axon terminals; soma 
E)  glial cells; soma

Question 18

The simplest version of a withdrawal reflex involves a

Accepted Answer

A)  pain receptor synapsing onto a motor neuron in the spinal cord. 
B)  pain receptor that projects to the thalamus, which then projects to motor cortex and then down to the spinal cord. 
C)  motor neuron within the spinal cord that is spontaneously active. 
D)  sensory neuron in visual cortex that synapses onto a motor neuron in the spinal cord. 
E)  muscle fiber connecting onto an interneuron. 
A)  pain receptor synapsing onto a motor neuron in the spinal cord. 
B)  pain receptor that projects to the thalamus, which then projects to motor cortex and then down to the spinal cord. 
C)  motor neuron within the spinal cord that is spontaneously active. 
D)  sensory neuron in visual cortex that synapses onto a motor neuron in the spinal cord. 
E)  muscle fiber connecting onto an interneuron.

Question 19

Sensory stimuli that vary in intensity are coded by variations in the ________ of a neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  firing rate 
B)  resting membrane potential 
C)  speed of conduction of action potentials 
D)  total amplitude of the action potential 
E)  repolarization rate 
A)  firing rate 
B)  resting membrane potential 
C)  speed of conduction of action potentials 
D)  total amplitude of the action potential 
E)  repolarization rate

Question 20

Oligodendrocytes perform which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  physical support of nerve cells 
B)  provision of nourishment to neurons 
C)  clean up debris within the brain 
D)  regulation of the chemical environment in the fluid surrounding neurons 
E)  enhance conduction velocity along an axon. 
A)  physical support of nerve cells 
B)  provision of nourishment to neurons 
C)  clean up debris within the brain 
D)  regulation of the chemical environment in the fluid surrounding neurons 
E)  enhance conduction velocity along an axon.

Which of the following is true of neurons?

Autoreceptors

An anion is positively charged ion.

________ are charged particles formed when certain molecules dissolves in water.

________ is made up of thirteen filaments arranged around a hollow core and is involved in axoplasmic transport.

The transmitter acetylcholine is primarily inactivated by reuptake of the molecule into the axon terminal.

The _____ carries information from the cell body out to the terminal buttons.

The cell membrane is formed by a single layer of lipid molecules.

What would you expect the impact to be on an organism treated with a drug that blocks neuronal sodium channels?

Neuronal signals are carried across the synapse by

The process which terminates the postsynaptic potentials induced by most neurotransmitters is

Match up the correct pairing of a receptor type with its action.

Saltatory conduction speeds up conduction velocity in non-myelinated neurons.

Both electrostatic and diffusion forces affect the concentration of ions in the extracellular and intracellular fluids.

Which of the following cells are important for the immune system reaction to brain damage?

A key event for the release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic membrane is the

The membranes that most commonly form synapses are the and the .

The simplest version of a withdrawal reflex involves a

Sensory stimuli that vary in intensity are coded by variations in the ________ of a neuron.

Oligodendrocytes perform which of the following functions?

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Which of the following is true of neurons?

Autoreceptors

An anion is positively charged ion.

________ are charged particles formed when certain molecules dissolves in water.

________ is made up of thirteen filaments arranged around a hollow core and is involved in axoplasmic transport.

The transmitter acetylcholine is primarily inactivated by reuptake of the molecule into the axon terminal.

The _____ carries information from the cell body out to the terminal buttons.

The cell membrane is formed by a single layer of lipid molecules.

What would you expect the impact to be on an organism treated with a drug that blocks neuronal sodium channels?

Neuronal signals are carried across the synapse by

The process which terminates the postsynaptic potentials induced by most neurotransmitters is

Match up the correct pairing of a receptor type with its action.

Saltatory conduction speeds up conduction velocity in non-myelinated neurons.

Both electrostatic and diffusion forces affect the concentration of ions in the extracellular and intracellular fluids.

Which of the following cells are important for the immune system reaction to brain damage?

A key event for the release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic membrane is the

The membranes that most commonly form synapses are the ________ and the ________.

The simplest version of a withdrawal reflex involves a

Sensory stimuli that vary in intensity are coded by variations in the ________ of a neuron.

Oligodendrocytes perform which of the following functions?

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

The membranes that most commonly form synapses are the and the .