Question 1

The rate at which a drug reaches active sites in the brain is determined mostly by its degree of

Accepted Answer

A)  water solubility. 
B)  lipid solubility. 
C)  drug metabolism via the liver. 
D)  depot binding in blood, bone, and fat. 
E)  drug metabolism in the kidneys. 
A)  water solubility. 
B)  lipid solubility. 
C)  drug metabolism via the liver. 
D)  depot binding in blood, bone, and fat. 
E)  drug metabolism in the kidneys. B

Question 2

Many of the axons that use serotonin as a transmitter originate from the

Accepted Answer

A)  substantia nigra. 
B)  red nucleus. 
C)  axonal varicosities. 
D)  dorsal raphe nucleus. 
E)  ventral tegmental area. 
A)  substantia nigra. 
B)  red nucleus. 
C)  axonal varicosities. 
D)  dorsal raphe nucleus. 
E)  ventral tegmental area. D

Question 3

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)is produced from

Accepted Answer

A)  bucolic acid. 
B)  butyric acid. 
C)  glutamic acid. 
D)  glycine. 
E)  Iysergic acid. 
A)  bucolic acid. 
B)  butyric acid. 
C)  glutamic acid. 
D)  glycine. 
E)  Iysergic acid. C

Question 4

Describe the synthesis of dopamine and diagram the postsynaptic dopamine receptor subtypes.Identify the most common dopamine agonists and antagonists and describe their mechanisms of action.

Accepted Answer

DA is synthesized from tyrosine and then

Question 5

The hallucinogenic drug PCP (phencyclidine)

Accepted Answer

A)  is an indirect antagonist of the NMDA receptor. 
B)  facilitates the binding of glutamate to the AMPA receptor. 
C)  releases serotonin from neurons in the raphe nuclei. 
D)  inhibits the dendrites of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area. 
E)  acts via the blockade of serotonin receptors. 
A)  is an indirect antagonist of the NMDA receptor. 
B)  facilitates the binding of glutamate to the AMPA receptor. 
C)  releases serotonin from neurons in the raphe nuclei. 
D)  inhibits the dendrites of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area. 
E)  acts via the blockade of serotonin receptors.

Question 6

The autoreceptor for norepinephrine in brain is of the ________ adrenergic receptor subtype.

Accepted Answer

A)  α1 
B)  β1 
C)  β2 
D)  α2 
E)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  α1 
B)  β1 
C)  β2 
D)  α2 
E)  All of the above are correct.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of dopamine receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dopamine receptors are metabotropic. 
B)  Dopamine receptors are ionotropic. 
C)  D1 receptors are located on the presynaptic membrane. 
D)  D2 receptors are only found on postsynaptic membranes. 
E)  Cyclic AMP is increased by activation of D1 and D2 receptors. 
A)  Dopamine receptors are metabotropic. 
B)  Dopamine receptors are ionotropic. 
C)  D1 receptors are located on the presynaptic membrane. 
D)  D2 receptors are only found on postsynaptic membranes. 
E)  Cyclic AMP is increased by activation of D1 and D2 receptors.

Question 8

Learning is facilitated by ACh activity in the basal forebrain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter.

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine; facilitates of learning 
B)  dopamine; suppresses certain species-typical behaviors 
C)  norepinephrine; facilitates of learning 
D)  serotonin; increases vigilance 
E)  GABA; generally activates voluntary movements 
A)  acetylcholine; facilitates of learning 
B)  dopamine; suppresses certain species-typical behaviors 
C)  norepinephrine; facilitates of learning 
D)  serotonin; increases vigilance 
E)  GABA; generally activates voluntary movements

Question 10

The final synthesis step for norepinephrine requires the presence of ______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  glycine 
D)  ACHe 
E)  epinephrine 
A)  serotonin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  glycine 
D)  ACHe 
E)  epinephrine

Question 11

The drug ________ releases serotonin and has been used to treat ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fluoxetine; depression 
B)  fenfluramine; obesity 
C)  amphetamine; obesity 
D)  reserpine; obesity 
E)  fluoxetine; mania 
A)  fluoxetine; depression 
B)  fenfluramine; obesity 
C)  amphetamine; obesity 
D)  reserpine; obesity 
E)  fluoxetine; mania

Question 12

Glycine is the primary inhibitory transmitter in the brain stem and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is an agonist at the glycine receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  baclofen 
B)  glycine 
C)  muscimol 
D)  GABA 
E)  strychnine 
A)  baclofen 
B)  glycine 
C)  muscimol 
D)  GABA 
E)  strychnine

Question 14

Administration of a drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase in the brain would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  permanently damage brain cholinergic neurons. 
B)  decrease the amount of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
C)  increase the amount of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
D)  alter the activity of the cholinergic autoreceptor. 
E)  reduce the rate of reuptake of ACh into glial cells. 
A)  permanently damage brain cholinergic neurons. 
B)  decrease the amount of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
C)  increase the amount of acetylcholine in the synapse. 
D)  alter the activity of the cholinergic autoreceptor. 
E)  reduce the rate of reuptake of ACh into glial cells.

Question 15

________ refers to the process by which drugs are absorbed,distributed within the body,metabolized,and then excreted from the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neuropharmacology 
B)  Pharmacokinetics 
C)  Drug metabolism 
D)  Psychoimmunology 
E)  Pharmacodynamics 
A)  Neuropharmacology 
B)  Pharmacokinetics 
C)  Drug metabolism 
D)  Psychoimmunology 
E)  Pharmacodynamics

Question 16

A general mechanism by which postsynaptic potentials are terminated involves

Accepted Answer

A)  increased synthesis of the neurotransmitter molecule. 
B)  enzymatic synthesis of the neurotransmitter molecule. 
C)  reuptake of the neurotransmitter molecule into the axon through a membrane transporter. 
D)  increased number of postsynaptic receptors. 
E)  diffusion into glial cells. 
A)  increased synthesis of the neurotransmitter molecule. 
B)  enzymatic synthesis of the neurotransmitter molecule. 
C)  reuptake of the neurotransmitter molecule into the axon through a membrane transporter. 
D)  increased number of postsynaptic receptors. 
E)  diffusion into glial cells.

Question 17

Explain what is meant by a placebo effect.

Accepted Answer

The term placebo refers to an innocuous

Question 18

Which of the following is true of opioid systems and effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Opioids reduce appetite. 
B)  Opioids are commonly used to induce diarrhea. . 
C)  Heroin is an opioid receptor antagonist. 
D)  Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist. 
E)  Opioid drugs enhance the aversiveness of pain. 
A)  Opioids reduce appetite. 
B)  Opioids are commonly used to induce diarrhea. . 
C)  Heroin is an opioid receptor antagonist. 
D)  Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist. 
E)  Opioid drugs enhance the aversiveness of pain.

Question 19

A drug such as amphetamine,which causes the transporters for dopamine to run in reverse,would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the synthesis of dopamine. 
B)  enhance the reuptake of dopamine. 
C)  antagonize the postsynaptic receptors for dopamine. 
D)  spill dopamine into the synaptic cleft. 
E)  decrease the metabolism of dopamine. 
A)  increase the synthesis of dopamine. 
B)  enhance the reuptake of dopamine. 
C)  antagonize the postsynaptic receptors for dopamine. 
D)  spill dopamine into the synaptic cleft. 
E)  decrease the metabolism of dopamine.

Question 20

Neuropeptides are removed from the synapse by membrane transporters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The rate at which a drug reaches active sites in the brain is determined mostly by its degree of

Many of the axons that use serotonin as a transmitter originate from the

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)is produced from

Describe the synthesis of dopamine and diagram the postsynaptic dopamine receptor subtypes.Identify the most common dopamine agonists and antagonists and describe their mechanisms of action.

The hallucinogenic drug PCP (phencyclidine)

The autoreceptor for norepinephrine in brain is of the ________ adrenergic receptor subtype.

Which of the following is true of dopamine receptors?

Learning is facilitated by ACh activity in the basal forebrain.

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter.

The final synthesis step for norepinephrine requires the presence of ______ .

The drug releases serotonin and has been used to treat .

Glycine is the primary inhibitory transmitter in the brain stem and spinal cord.

Which of the following is an agonist at the glycine receptor?

Administration of a drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase in the brain would be expected to

________ refers to the process by which drugs are absorbed,distributed within the body,metabolized,and then excreted from the body.

A general mechanism by which postsynaptic potentials are terminated involves

Explain what is meant by a placebo effect.

Which of the following is true of opioid systems and effects?

A drug such as amphetamine,which causes the transporters for dopamine to run in reverse,would

Neuropeptides are removed from the synapse by membrane transporters.

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Psychopharmacology

The rate at which a drug reaches active sites in the brain is determined mostly by its degree of

Many of the axons that use serotonin as a transmitter originate from the

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)is produced from

Describe the synthesis of dopamine and diagram the postsynaptic dopamine receptor subtypes.Identify the most common dopamine agonists and antagonists and describe their mechanisms of action.

The hallucinogenic drug PCP (phencyclidine)

The autoreceptor for norepinephrine in brain is of the ________ adrenergic receptor subtype.

Which of the following is true of dopamine receptors?

Learning is facilitated by ACh activity in the basal forebrain.

Match up the transmitter substance below with the appropriate behavioral role or action of that transmitter.

The final synthesis step for norepinephrine requires the presence of ______ .

The drug ________ releases serotonin and has been used to treat ________.

Glycine is the primary inhibitory transmitter in the brain stem and spinal cord.

Which of the following is an agonist at the glycine receptor?

Administration of a drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase in the brain would be expected to

________ refers to the process by which drugs are absorbed,distributed within the body,metabolized,and then excreted from the body.

A general mechanism by which postsynaptic potentials are terminated involves

Explain what is meant by a placebo effect.

Which of the following is true of opioid systems and effects?

A drug such as amphetamine,which causes the transporters for dopamine to run in reverse,would

Neuropeptides are removed from the synapse by membrane transporters.

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

The drug releases serotonin and has been used to treat .