Question 1

Patient H.M.is able to perform all of the following tasks quite well EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  making a classically conditioned eyeblink response. 
B)  recognizing broken drawings. 
C)  recalling childhood events that occurred prior to age 9. 
D)  consolidating information from short-term memory to long-term memory using rehearsal. 
E)  mirror drawing. 
A)  making a classically conditioned eyeblink response. 
B)  recognizing broken drawings. 
C)  recalling childhood events that occurred prior to age 9. 
D)  consolidating information from short-term memory to long-term memory using rehearsal. 
E)  mirror drawing.

Question 2

Associative long-term potentiation requires ________ occur about the same time as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  binding of a transmitter to the postsynaptic neuron; the postsynaptic cell is depolarized 
B)  that a single electrical pulse; a recording is made of the presynaptic axon 
C)  that a conditional stimulus; a reinforcing stimulus 
D)  that a reinforcing stimulus; a response 
E)  that a low-frequency train of electrical pulses; the postsynaptic neuron is hyperpolarized 
A)  binding of a transmitter to the postsynaptic neuron; the postsynaptic cell is depolarized 
B)  that a single electrical pulse; a recording is made of the presynaptic axon 
C)  that a conditional stimulus; a reinforcing stimulus 
D)  that a reinforcing stimulus; a response 
E)  that a low-frequency train of electrical pulses; the postsynaptic neuron is hyperpolarized

Question 3

Describe the typical experimental setup and procedure that would be used to produce long-term potentiation (LTP)and explain how this would be assessed using this procedure.

Accepted Answer

A stimulating electrode would be inserte

Question 4

Intense electrical stimulation of axons within the hippocampal formation results in

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term potentiation of postsynaptic neurons. 
B)  axoaxonic inhibition of presynaptic neurons. 
C)  recurrent inhibition of the stimulated axons. 
D)  long-term potentiation of presynaptic neurons. 
E)  "synaptic fatigue." 
A)  long-term potentiation of postsynaptic neurons. 
B)  axoaxonic inhibition of presynaptic neurons. 
C)  recurrent inhibition of the stimulated axons. 
D)  long-term potentiation of presynaptic neurons. 
E)  "synaptic fatigue."

Question 5

A common cause of Korsakoff's syndrome is

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive levels of dietary lead. 
B)  chronic alcohol abuse. 
C)  a series of mini-strokes. 
D)  anoxia. 
E)  incidental brain damage produced during neurosurgery. 
A)  excessive levels of dietary lead. 
B)  chronic alcohol abuse. 
C)  a series of mini-strokes. 
D)  anoxia. 
E)  incidental brain damage produced during neurosurgery.

Question 6

Performing a spatial task would be expected to activate the

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala, but not the hippocampus. 
B)  hippocampal formation on the right side of the brain. 
C)  temporal lobe on the left side of the brain. 
D)  frontal cortex on the right side of the brain. 
E)  hippocampal formation on the left side of the brain. 
A)  amygdala, but not the hippocampus. 
B)  hippocampal formation on the right side of the brain. 
C)  temporal lobe on the left side of the brain. 
D)  frontal cortex on the right side of the brain. 
E)  hippocampal formation on the left side of the brain.

Question 7

In a conditioned emotional response (CER)study,a tone is paired with a foot shock for a rat.After several trials,the tone alone is a CS that can elicit fear emotional responses.Which of the following is true of the anatomy of this fear response?

Accepted Answer

A)  The central nucleus of the amygdala integrates the pairing of tone and shock information. 
B)  Tone information is relayed directly to the central nucleus of the amygdala. 
C)  The lateral nucleus of the amygdala integrates the pairing of tone and shock information. 
D)  Damage to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala impairs perceptual learning, but not CER learning. 
E)  Damage to the central nucleus of the amygdala impairs perceptual learning, but not CER learning. 
A)  The central nucleus of the amygdala integrates the pairing of tone and shock information. 
B)  Tone information is relayed directly to the central nucleus of the amygdala. 
C)  The lateral nucleus of the amygdala integrates the pairing of tone and shock information. 
D)  Damage to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala impairs perceptual learning, but not CER learning. 
E)  Damage to the central nucleus of the amygdala impairs perceptual learning, but not CER learning.

Question 8

________ is the process by which immediate memories are transformed into long-term memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  Potentiation 
B)  Confabulation 
C)  Consolidation 
D)  Synaptogenesis 
E)  Hebbian reverberation 
A)  Potentiation 
B)  Confabulation 
C)  Consolidation 
D)  Synaptogenesis 
E)  Hebbian reverberation

Question 9

CA1 pyramidal neurons form the primary output of the hippocampus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Associative long-term potentiation reflects increased ________ produced by changes in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium entry; NMDA receptors 
B)  chloride efflux; AMPA receptors 
C)  calcium entry; D2 receptors 
D)  calcium efflux; D1 receptors 
E)  calcium immobilization; NMDA receptors 
A)  calcium entry; NMDA receptors 
B)  chloride efflux; AMPA receptors 
C)  calcium entry; D2 receptors 
D)  calcium efflux; D1 receptors 
E)  calcium immobilization; NMDA receptors

Question 11

Behavior is reinforced by treatments that release dopamine in the nucleus accumbens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Differentiate between the two forms of stimulus-response learning.In what ways are they similar?

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning,a neutral stim

Question 13

In a conditioned emotional response (CER)study,a tone is paired with a foot shock for a rat.After several trials,the tone alone is a CS that can elicit fear emotional responses.Which of the following is true of the physiology of this fear response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Damage to the lateral nucleus of the prefrontal cortex impairs CER learning. 
B)  Tone-shock pairings rapidly decrease the electrical activity of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. 
C)  Damage to the central nucleus of the amygdala impairs CER learning. 
D)  Activation of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala during CER training blocks the formation of the CER. 
E)  CER learning is an example of perceptual learning. 
A)  Damage to the lateral nucleus of the prefrontal cortex impairs CER learning. 
B)  Tone-shock pairings rapidly decrease the electrical activity of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. 
C)  Damage to the central nucleus of the amygdala impairs CER learning. 
D)  Activation of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala during CER training blocks the formation of the CER. 
E)  CER learning is an example of perceptual learning.

Question 14

Memories for a stimulus or an event can be retained in ________,which lasts for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual memory; milliseconds 
B)  short-term memory; a few seconds 
C)  the dorsal stream; days 
D)  the ventral stream; weeks 
E)  long-term memory; days 
A)  perceptual memory; milliseconds 
B)  short-term memory; a few seconds 
C)  the dorsal stream; days 
D)  the ventral stream; weeks 
E)  long-term memory; days

Question 15

Provide a definition of learning and memory.

Accepted Answer

Learning allows an organism to adapt to

Question 16

Damage to the caudate nucleus/putamen impairs the learning of an instrumental task.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The correct flow of information into and from the basal ganglia is

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory signals -> lateral amygdala -> primary motor cortex. 
B)  sensory cortex -> globus pallidus -> caudate nucleus/putamen -> primary motor cortex. 
C)  sensory cortex-> caudate nucleus/putamen -> globus pallidus -> frontal cortex/primary motor cortex. 
D)  motor cortex -> primary motor cortex -> premotor cortex -> basal ganglia. 
E)  sensory cortex -> central amygdala -> caudate nucleus/putamen -> primary motor cortex. 
A)  sensory signals -> lateral amygdala -> primary motor cortex. 
B)  sensory cortex -> globus pallidus -> caudate nucleus/putamen -> primary motor cortex. 
C)  sensory cortex-> caudate nucleus/putamen -> globus pallidus -> frontal cortex/primary motor cortex. 
D)  motor cortex -> primary motor cortex -> premotor cortex -> basal ganglia. 
E)  sensory cortex -> central amygdala -> caudate nucleus/putamen -> primary motor cortex.

Question 18

Patients with anterograde amnesia are NOT capable of which type of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  motor 
B)  complex relational 
C)  perceptual 
D)  sensory-response 
E) classical conditioning. 
A)  motor 
B)  complex relational 
C)  perceptual 
D)  sensory-response 
E) classical conditioning.

Question 19

Which pathway below connects the ventral tegmental area with the nucleus accumbens?

Accepted Answer

A)  the corticofugal system 
B)  the mesolimbic system 
C)  the nigrostriatal system 
D)  the mesocortical system 
E)  the spinothalamic system 
A)  the corticofugal system 
B)  the mesolimbic system 
C)  the nigrostriatal system 
D)  the mesocortical system 
E)  the spinothalamic system

Question 20

Which of the following is important for the acquisition of complex behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)  As a person becomes proficient in a new complex behavior, control of the process is transferred to the basal ganglia. 
B)  As a person becomes proficient in the behavior, control of the process is transferred to the transcortical pathways. 
C)  As a person becomes proficient in the new behavior, the transcortical circuits become more active. 
D)  Acquisition of the behavior is accompanied by long-term depression in the motor cortex. 
E)  Acquisition of the behavior is accompanied by long-term depression in the basal ganglia. 
A)  As a person becomes proficient in a new complex behavior, control of the process is transferred to the basal ganglia. 
B)  As a person becomes proficient in the behavior, control of the process is transferred to the transcortical pathways. 
C)  As a person becomes proficient in the new behavior, the transcortical circuits become more active. 
D)  Acquisition of the behavior is accompanied by long-term depression in the motor cortex. 
E)  Acquisition of the behavior is accompanied by long-term depression in the basal ganglia.

Patient H.M.is able to perform all of the following tasks quite well EXCEPT

Associative long-term potentiation requires occur about the same time as .

Describe the typical experimental setup and procedure that would be used to produce long-term potentiation (LTP)and explain how this would be assessed using this procedure.

Intense electrical stimulation of axons within the hippocampal formation results in

A common cause of Korsakoff's syndrome is

Performing a spatial task would be expected to activate the

In a conditioned emotional response (CER)study,a tone is paired with a foot shock for a rat.After several trials,the tone alone is a CS that can elicit fear emotional responses.Which of the following is true of the anatomy of this fear response?

________ is the process by which immediate memories are transformed into long-term memories.

CA1 pyramidal neurons form the primary output of the hippocampus.

Associative long-term potentiation reflects increased produced by changes in .

Behavior is reinforced by treatments that release dopamine in the nucleus accumbens.

Differentiate between the two forms of stimulus-response learning.In what ways are they similar?

In a conditioned emotional response (CER)study,a tone is paired with a foot shock for a rat.After several trials,the tone alone is a CS that can elicit fear emotional responses.Which of the following is true of the physiology of this fear response?

Memories for a stimulus or an event can be retained in ,which lasts for .

Provide a definition of learning and memory.

Damage to the caudate nucleus/putamen impairs the learning of an instrumental task.

The correct flow of information into and from the basal ganglia is

Patients with anterograde amnesia are NOT capable of which type of learning?

Which pathway below connects the ventral tegmental area with the nucleus accumbens?

Which of the following is important for the acquisition of complex behaviors?

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

Patient H.M.is able to perform all of the following tasks quite well EXCEPT

Associative long-term potentiation requires ________ occur about the same time as ________.

Describe the typical experimental setup and procedure that would be used to produce long-term potentiation (LTP)and explain how this would be assessed using this procedure.

Intense electrical stimulation of axons within the hippocampal formation results in

A common cause of Korsakoff's syndrome is

Performing a spatial task would be expected to activate the

In a conditioned emotional response (CER)study,a tone is paired with a foot shock for a rat.After several trials,the tone alone is a CS that can elicit fear emotional responses.Which of the following is true of the anatomy of this fear response?

________ is the process by which immediate memories are transformed into long-term memories.

CA1 pyramidal neurons form the primary output of the hippocampus.

Associative long-term potentiation reflects increased ________ produced by changes in ________.

Behavior is reinforced by treatments that release dopamine in the nucleus accumbens.

Differentiate between the two forms of stimulus-response learning.In what ways are they similar?

In a conditioned emotional response (CER)study,a tone is paired with a foot shock for a rat.After several trials,the tone alone is a CS that can elicit fear emotional responses.Which of the following is true of the physiology of this fear response?

Memories for a stimulus or an event can be retained in ________,which lasts for ________.

Provide a definition of learning and memory.

Damage to the caudate nucleus/putamen impairs the learning of an instrumental task.

The correct flow of information into and from the basal ganglia is

Patients with anterograde amnesia are NOT capable of which type of learning?

Which pathway below connects the ventral tegmental area with the nucleus accumbens?

Which of the following is important for the acquisition of complex behaviors?

Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Associative long-term potentiation requires occur about the same time as .

Associative long-term potentiation reflects increased produced by changes in .

Memories for a stimulus or an event can be retained in ,which lasts for .