Question 1

Evidence for the co-occurrence of Monte Albán's conquest strategy with the emerging Zapotec state offers strong support for the

Accepted Answer

A)  theory that argues all chiefdoms become states. 
B)  warfare model of primary state formation. 
C)  imperial model of state collapse. 
D)  multivariate model of state formation. 
E)  expansionist model of primary state formation. 
A)  theory that argues all chiefdoms become states. 
B)  warfare model of primary state formation. 
C)  imperial model of state collapse. 
D)  multivariate model of state formation. 
E)  expansionist model of primary state formation.

Question 2

Coastal Peru illustrates the explanatory power of Carneiro's theory of state formation caused by the interaction of environmental circumscription,warfare,and population increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to the expansionist model of primary state formation,a key difference between chiefdoms and states is that the latter has the bureaucracy,resources,and commitment to expand and incorporate more territory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Teotihuacán and Catalhoyuk are two of the earliest towns in the Middle East.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Egypt was the only region in Africa where states emerged prior to the 1500s.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

China's first state,the Shang dynasty,had bronze metallurgy and writing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following was the first Chinese state that developed in the wheat-producing regions of the north?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chin 
B)  Taipei 
C)  Longshang 
D)  Shang 
E)  Nok Nok 
A)  Chin 
B)  Taipei 
C)  Longshang 
D)  Shang 
E)  Nok Nok

Question 8

Early states had productive farming economies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In an egalitarian society,everybody has the same status.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Writing never developed among the early states in Mesoamerica,so there is no reliable archaeological evidence of these states' histories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

All of the following archaeological evidence points to Monte Albán's increasing role at the center of state formation and expansion EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the specialized buildings that surrounded the city's main plaza and housed the state's bureaucracy. 
B)  evidence of peaceful trade with its chief local rival, San Martín Tilcajete. 
C)  hieroglyphs on a main plaza building that record the successes of conquests that brought underlying areas under Monte Albán's control. 
D)  evidence of Zapotec conquest of communities more than a half-day's trip away from Monte Albán. 
E)  the presence of a royal palace among the specialized buildings in Monte Albán. 
A)  the specialized buildings that surrounded the city's main plaza and housed the state's bureaucracy. 
B)  evidence of peaceful trade with its chief local rival, San Martín Tilcajete. 
C)  hieroglyphs on a main plaza building that record the successes of conquests that brought underlying areas under Monte Albán's control. 
D)  evidence of Zapotec conquest of communities more than a half-day's trip away from Monte Albán. 
E)  the presence of a royal palace among the specialized buildings in Monte Albán.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the first Chinese state?

Accepted Answer

A)  bronze metallurgy 
B)  human sacrifice 
C)  a subsistence economy dominated by rice 
D)  wealthy, royal tombs 
E)  social stratification 
A)  bronze metallurgy 
B)  human sacrifice 
C)  a subsistence economy dominated by rice 
D)  wealthy, royal tombs 
E)  social stratification

Question 13

How are chiefdoms different from states? How do archaeologists distinguish between the two?

Accepted Answer

Chiefdoms and states are both forms of s

Question 14

What is the name of the cultural period during which the first chiefdoms and elites emerged in northern Syria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natufian 
B)  Halafian 
C)  Jomon 
D)  Ubaid 
E)  Uruk 
A)  Natufian 
B)  Halafian 
C)  Jomon 
D)  Ubaid 
E)  Uruk

Question 15

The earliest states emerged in Mesopotamia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Consider how your life is different from that of our Paleolithic ancestors or those of the most recent foragers.How many of those differences have to do with the fact that you live in a state-organized society?

Accepted Answer

There are numerous differences between m

Question 17

All of the following provide archaeological evidence of social ranking EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  seals used to mark valuable goods. 
B)  fine pottery, as distinct from everyday pottery. 
C)  large pots and ovens, presumably used to cook for entertainment events among the elite. 
D)  burial artifacts marking distinct rankings. 
E)  walls to protect against raids. 
A)  seals used to mark valuable goods. 
B)  fine pottery, as distinct from everyday pottery. 
C)  large pots and ovens, presumably used to cook for entertainment events among the elite. 
D)  burial artifacts marking distinct rankings. 
E)  walls to protect against raids.

Question 18

Which of the following attributes distinguishes states from chiefdoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  large residences 
B)  a paramount ruler 
C)  sharp class distinctions 
D)  a subsistence economy based on domesticated species 
E)  armed conflict between competing communities 
A)  large residences 
B)  a paramount ruler 
C)  sharp class distinctions 
D)  a subsistence economy based on domesticated species 
E)  armed conflict between competing communities

Question 19

Which of the following statements about ranked societies is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  All ranked societies are chiefdoms. 
B)  They are characterized by a continuum of status among their members. 
C)  All chiefdoms are ranked societies. 
D)  They lack social strata. 
E)  They have hereditary inequality. 
A)  All ranked societies are chiefdoms. 
B)  They are characterized by a continuum of status among their members. 
C)  All chiefdoms are ranked societies. 
D)  They lack social strata. 
E)  They have hereditary inequality.

Question 20

Thor Heyerdahl proposed that Egyptians could have navigated to the New World and influenced the emergence of civilization in the Americas.Erich von Daniken suggested that major human achievements had been borrowed from beings from outer space.What do these two views,both lacking credible scientific evidence,have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both suggest that evolutionary mechanisms explain both biological and cultural diversity across time and space. 
B)  Both argue that historical events such as plant and animal domestication, the state, and city life were not brilliant discoveries, inventions, or secrets that humans needed to borrow but were, rather, long-term, gradual processes, developments with down-to-earth causes and effects. 
C)  Both take the position that major changes in ancient human lifestyles were the result of outside instruction or interference rather than the achievements of the natives of the places where the changes took place. 
D)  Both suggest that anthropology benefits from a broad range of views on human history, even if these views challenge the mainstream and even lack credible scientific evidence. 
E)  Both reflect the popular media's negative effect on the quality of high school and college education. 
A)  Both suggest that evolutionary mechanisms explain both biological and cultural diversity across time and space. 
B)  Both argue that historical events such as plant and animal domestication, the state, and city life were not brilliant discoveries, inventions, or secrets that humans needed to borrow but were, rather, long-term, gradual processes, developments with down-to-earth causes and effects. 
C)  Both take the position that major changes in ancient human lifestyles were the result of outside instruction or interference rather than the achievements of the natives of the places where the changes took place. 
D)  Both suggest that anthropology benefits from a broad range of views on human history, even if these views challenge the mainstream and even lack credible scientific evidence. 
E)  Both reflect the popular media's negative effect on the quality of high school and college education.

Exam 12: The First Cities and States

Evidence for the co-occurrence of Monte Albán's conquest strategy with the emerging Zapotec state offers strong support for the

Coastal Peru illustrates the explanatory power of Carneiro's theory of state formation caused by the interaction of environmental circumscription,warfare,and population increase.

According to the expansionist model of primary state formation,a key difference between chiefdoms and states is that the latter has the bureaucracy,resources,and commitment to expand and incorporate more territory.

Teotihuacán and Catalhoyuk are two of the earliest towns in the Middle East.

Egypt was the only region in Africa where states emerged prior to the 1500s.

China's first state,the Shang dynasty,had bronze metallurgy and writing.

Which of the following was the first Chinese state that developed in the wheat-producing regions of the north?

Early states had productive farming economies.

In an egalitarian society,everybody has the same status.

Writing never developed among the early states in Mesoamerica,so there is no reliable archaeological evidence of these states' histories.

All of the following archaeological evidence points to Monte Albán's increasing role at the center of state formation and expansion EXCEPT

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the first Chinese state?

How are chiefdoms different from states? How do archaeologists distinguish between the two?

What is the name of the cultural period during which the first chiefdoms and elites emerged in northern Syria?

The earliest states emerged in Mesopotamia.

Consider how your life is different from that of our Paleolithic ancestors or those of the most recent foragers.How many of those differences have to do with the fact that you live in a state-organized society?

All of the following provide archaeological evidence of social ranking EXCEPT

Which of the following attributes distinguishes states from chiefdoms?

Which of the following statements about ranked societies is NOT true?

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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