Question 1

A taxon is paraphyletic if it

Accepted Answer

A)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and all of its descendants. 
B)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and some, but not all, of its descendants. 
C)  does not include the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. 
D)  excludes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. 
A)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and all of its descendants. 
B)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and some, but not all, of its descendants. 
C)  does not include the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. 
D)  excludes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. B

Question 2

The dispute between evolutionary taxonomy and cladistics can be described as a difference between

Accepted Answer

A)  use of morphology and use of biomolecular data. 
B)  acceptance or rejection of paraphyletic groups. 
C)  acceptance or rejection of monophyletic groups. 
D)  acceptance or rejection of polyphyletic groups. 
A)  use of morphology and use of biomolecular data. 
B)  acceptance or rejection of paraphyletic groups. 
C)  acceptance or rejection of monophyletic groups. 
D)  acceptance or rejection of polyphyletic groups. B

Question 3

Which is NOT a major goal of systematic zoology?

Accepted Answer

A)  to discover and describe all species of animals 
B)  to group animals based on their destructiveness or usefulness to human activity 
C)  to construct the evolutionary relationships among animals 
D)  to communicate relationships by constructing informative taxonomic systems 
A)  to discover and describe all species of animals 
B)  to group animals based on their destructiveness or usefulness to human activity 
C)  to construct the evolutionary relationships among animals 
D)  to communicate relationships by constructing informative taxonomic systems B

Question 4

Which is NOT one of the inherent conflicting features of the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  A species is both a taxonomic rank and a unit of evolution. 
B)  The functional definition centers on a sexual ability to interbreed but many species are asexual. 
C)  A species can be defined with boundaries among present organisms, or within a changing lineage over time. 
D)  Some scientists disagree over the name of a species. 
A)  A species is both a taxonomic rank and a unit of evolution. 
B)  The functional definition centers on a sexual ability to interbreed but many species are asexual. 
C)  A species can be defined with boundaries among present organisms, or within a changing lineage over time. 
D)  Some scientists disagree over the name of a species.

Question 5

Discern what classification and systematization of species means to a taxonomist.

Accepted Answer

Classification and systematization of sp

Question 6

What is character similarity that results from common embryology,and therefore ancestry,called?

Accepted Answer

A)  analogy 
B)  taxonomy 
C)  homology 
D)  phylogeny 
A)  analogy 
B)  taxonomy 
C)  homology 
D)  phylogeny

Question 7

If two different taxa share common ancestry with each other more recently than either one does with any other organisms,we call them _______ ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If two different taxa share common ancestry...

Question 8

Homoplasy involves

Accepted Answer

A)  any two organisms with exactly the same trait. 
B)  two organisms sharing the same trait because they have a common ancestor with that trait. 
C)  two or more lineages having what appears to be the same trait. 
D)  possession of homologous structures. 
A)  any two organisms with exactly the same trait. 
B)  two organisms sharing the same trait because they have a common ancestor with that trait. 
C)  two or more lineages having what appears to be the same trait. 
D)  possession of homologous structures.

Question 9

If a taxon includes the most recent common ancestor of a group of organisms and all of the descendants of that ancestor,it is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a taxon includes the most recent...

Question 10

A phylogeny based on evolutionary theory will

Accepted Answer

A)  explain variations among fossils from rock strata. 
B)  explain similarities and differences among modern living groups. 
C)  reflect patterns of shared and unique sections of DNA among groups of animals. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  explain variations among fossils from rock strata. 
B)  explain similarities and differences among modern living groups. 
C)  reflect patterns of shared and unique sections of DNA among groups of animals. 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 11

G.Gز Simpson provided a definition of an evolutionary species as "a single lineage of ancestor-descendant populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and that has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate." How does this compare with the biological species concept of Mayr?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only Mayr's definition is easily testable for most organisms. 
B)  Only Simpson's definition is easily testable for living organisms. 
C)  Mayr's definition is limited to sexually reproducing organisms whereas Simpson's theoretically covers all life. 
D)  They are in complete disagreement. 
A)  Only Mayr's definition is easily testable for most organisms. 
B)  Only Simpson's definition is easily testable for living organisms. 
C)  Mayr's definition is limited to sexually reproducing organisms whereas Simpson's theoretically covers all life. 
D)  They are in complete disagreement.

Question 12

Which of the following concepts of species is most compatible with the goals of cladistic systematics?

Accepted Answer

A)  typological 
B)  biological 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  phenetic 
A)  typological 
B)  biological 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  phenetic

Question 13

A taxon is monophyletic if it

Accepted Answer

A)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and all of its descendants. 
B)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and some, but not all, of its descendants. 
C)  does not include the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. 
D)  excludes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. 
A)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and all of its descendants. 
B)  includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and some, but not all, of its descendants. 
C)  does not include the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group. 
D)  excludes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group.

Question 14

"A single lineage of ancestor-descendant populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and which has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate" describes the _________ _________ _________.

Accepted Answer

evolutiona

Question 15

_______ character states are present in the common ancestor and all members of a group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ancestral 
B)  Analogous 
C)  Derived 
D)  Synapomorphous 
A)  Ancestral 
B)  Analogous 
C)  Derived 
D)  Synapomorphous

Question 16

A branching diagram whose branches represent real lineages that occurred in the evolutionary past is called a/an _________ _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A branching diagram whose branches represent real...

Question 17

The scientific name of the copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix.Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A)  it belongs to the genus Agkistrodon. 
B)  it belongs to the species Agkistrodon. 
C)  it is species Agkistrodon, subspecies contortrix. 
D)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  it belongs to the genus Agkistrodon. 
B)  it belongs to the species Agkistrodon. 
C)  it is species Agkistrodon, subspecies contortrix. 
D)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Which kingdom in Whittaker's five-kingdom system must be discontinued and broken up to be compatible with cladistic systematics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plantae 
B)  Fungi 
C)  Animalia 
D)  Protista 
A)  Plantae 
B)  Fungi 
C)  Animalia 
D)  Protista

Question 19

What is DNA barcoding of species and why might it be a useful tool for scientists?

Accepted Answer

DNA barcoding is a method used to identi

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an important criterion for species recognition among the many definitions?

Accepted Answer

A)  common descent 
B)  smallest distinct grouping of organisms 
C)  reproductive community 
D)  possession of distinct morphological differences 
A)  common descent 
B)  smallest distinct grouping of organisms 
C)  reproductive community 
D)  possession of distinct morphological differences

Exam 10: Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

A taxon is paraphyletic if it

The dispute between evolutionary taxonomy and cladistics can be described as a difference between

Which is NOT a major goal of systematic zoology?

Which is NOT one of the inherent conflicting features of the biological species concept?

Discern what classification and systematization of species means to a taxonomist.

What is character similarity that results from common embryology,and therefore ancestry,called?

If two different taxa share common ancestry with each other more recently than either one does with any other organisms,we call them _______ ______.

Homoplasy involves

If a taxon includes the most recent common ancestor of a group of organisms and all of the descendants of that ancestor,it is termed ______.

A phylogeny based on evolutionary theory will

Which of the following concepts of species is most compatible with the goals of cladistic systematics?

A taxon is monophyletic if it

"A single lineage of ancestor-descendant populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and which has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate" describes the _________ _________ _________.

_______ character states are present in the common ancestor and all members of a group.

A branching diagram whose branches represent real lineages that occurred in the evolutionary past is called a/an _________ _________.

The scientific name of the copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix.Therefore,

Which kingdom in Whittaker's five-kingdom system must be discontinued and broken up to be compatible with cladistic systematics?

What is DNA barcoding of species and why might it be a useful tool for scientists?

Which of the following is NOT an important criterion for species recognition among the many definitions?

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectural Pattern of an Animal

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Radiate Animals

Acoelomorpha,Platyzoa,and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Support, Protection, and Movement

Chaetognaths, Echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Behavior

Animal Distributions

Animal Ecology

Filters

If two different taxa share common ancestry with each other more recently than either one does with any other organisms,we call them _ .

"A single lineage of ancestor-descendant populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and which has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate" describes the _____ _ _____.

A branching diagram whose branches represent real lineages that occurred in the evolutionary past is called a/an _ _.