Question 1

Which pattern of natural selection is most common in patchy (nonuniform)environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  bifurcating selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  diversifying selection 
D)  intermediate selection 
E)  stabilizing selection 
A)  bifurcating selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  diversifying selection 
D)  intermediate selection 
E)  stabilizing selection C

Question 2

You've gone to the doctor and she has determined that you have a Staphylococcus aureus infection,and it is one of the following possible strains (A-E),but she is not sure which.Which antibiotic is most likely to be effective?

Accepted Answer

Methicillin will affect four of the five strains; so it is most likely to be effective.

Question 3

What is the difference between stabilizing and diversifying selection?

Accepted Answer

In stabilizing selection,phenotypes in the middle of their range are best suited to their environment,while in diversifying selection,phenotypes at the extremes of their range are best suited to their environment.

Question 4

You have a population of boa constrictors on a Caribbean island that is 100 square miles and has a rich supply of lizard,bird,and mammal prey,and the island lacks boa constrictor predators (including humans).The boas are capable of reaching 16 feet in length in these conditions.Overall boa growth is strongly linked to habitat size and food availability.A hurricane comes along and moves 18 pregnant female boas to three different islands (6/island).
Island A is 10 square miles,has no mammal or bird prey,has three sizeable human settlements,and is farmed extensively.
Island B is 30 square miles,has a lot of mammal,bird,and lizard prey items and very few humans.
Island C is 50 square miles,has limited bird prey,no mammal prey items,and moderate small lizard prey items.
After 100 years,on which of these three islands would you expect to find the smallest boas?

Accepted Answer

If the boas survived human pressure on I

Question 5

Explain how evolution can lead to dead ends (groups that have gone extinct)and reconcile this with natural selection.

Accepted Answer

Natural selection favors individuals tha

Question 6

Discuss two possible entry routes for a Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Accepted Answer

Staphylococcus aureus can infect a healt

Question 7

If two alleles are incompletely dominant to each other and heterozygotes almost never survive,which pattern of natural selection would you expect to see?

Accepted Answer

A)  bifurcating selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  diversifying selection 
D)  intermediate selection 
E)  stabilizing selection 
A)  bifurcating selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  diversifying selection 
D)  intermediate selection 
E)  stabilizing selection

Question 8

If the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus fails to form properly,water will enter the cell

Accepted Answer

A)  by the process of osmosis. 
B)  by the process of imbibition. 
C)  by active transport. 
D)  to destroy the bacterial DNA. 
E)  to help maintain the cell's turgor pressure. 
A)  by the process of osmosis. 
B)  by the process of imbibition. 
C)  by active transport. 
D)  to destroy the bacterial DNA. 
E)  to help maintain the cell's turgor pressure.

Question 9

Drug resistance may take which of the following forms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria may produce ß-lactamases. 
B)  Bacteria may produce proteins that can disable antibiotics. 
C)  Bacteria may produce proteins with altered shapes that antibiotics can no longer bind to. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Bacteria may produce ß-lactamases. 
B)  Bacteria may produce proteins that can disable antibiotics. 
C)  Bacteria may produce proteins with altered shapes that antibiotics can no longer bind to. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 10

A population is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  all the members of the same species located on a continent. 
B)  the species that live in a geographic area. 
C)  all the species occupying a specific locale. 
D)  all the members of the same species living in the same area. 
E)  the species richness. 
A)  all the members of the same species located on a continent. 
B)  the species that live in a geographic area. 
C)  all the species occupying a specific locale. 
D)  all the members of the same species living in the same area. 
E)  the species richness.

Question 11

All of the following are reasons to complete a prescribed course of antibiotics,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  to protect yourself from antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. 
B)  to protect other people from infection with antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. 
C)  to ensure total elimination of the original infection. 
D)  to prevent the selection in your body of antibiotic-resistant strains. 
E)  to ensure your immune system will not have to fight the bacteria. 
A)  to protect yourself from antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. 
B)  to protect other people from infection with antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. 
C)  to ensure total elimination of the original infection. 
D)  to prevent the selection in your body of antibiotic-resistant strains. 
E)  to ensure your immune system will not have to fight the bacteria.

Question 12

A bacterial strain divides once every 30 minutes.After 90 minutes,a single bacterium can form a total of ___ bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  3. 
B)  6. 
C)  8. 
D)  16. 
E)  This answer cannot be calculated from the information given. 
A)  3. 
B)  6. 
C)  8. 
D)  16. 
E)  This answer cannot be calculated from the information given.

Question 13

What would the outcome be if an antibiotic-sensitive homogeneous (no variation)strain of S.aureus was grown in the presence of antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell growth that begins slowly but proceeds rapidly 
B)  rapid mutation and growth 
C)  no cell growth 
D)  eventual rise of antibiotic-resistant cells 
E)  rapid growth then sudden death 
A)  cell growth that begins slowly but proceeds rapidly 
B)  rapid mutation and growth 
C)  no cell growth 
D)  eventual rise of antibiotic-resistant cells 
E)  rapid growth then sudden death

Question 14

You are about to move into a dorm suite and bathroom shared by seven other students.To reduce the likelihood of contracting an antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection,you and your suitemates should

Accepted Answer

A)  keep common surfaces, such as those in the bathroom, disinfected. 
B)  not share soap or towels. 
C)  not take antibiotics for viral infections. 
D)  wash your hands frequently. 
E)  do All of the above. 
A)  keep common surfaces, such as those in the bathroom, disinfected. 
B)  not share soap or towels. 
C)  not take antibiotics for viral infections. 
D)  wash your hands frequently. 
E)  do All of the above.

Question 15

The severity of a bacterial infection is related to

Accepted Answer

A)  the health of the patient. 
B)  whether the bacteria produce toxins. 
C)  whether the bacteria have a way to avoid the immune system. 
D)  which part of the body is infected. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  the health of the patient. 
B)  whether the bacteria produce toxins. 
C)  whether the bacteria have a way to avoid the immune system. 
D)  which part of the body is infected. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 16

A bacterial strain will most likely become antibiotic resistant when it is grown in

Accepted Answer

A)  high heat. 
B)  extreme cold. 
C)  the presence an acidic environment. 
D)  the presence of MRSA. 
E)  a laboratory that researches viruses. 
A)  high heat. 
B)  extreme cold. 
C)  the presence an acidic environment. 
D)  the presence of MRSA. 
E)  a laboratory that researches viruses.

Question 17

Why are antibiotics given to livestock?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce bacterial growth in manure 
B)  to promote the growth of animals 
C)  to improve reproduction 
D)  to reduce digestive difficulties 
E)  to transmit bacterial resistance 
A)  to reduce bacterial growth in manure 
B)  to promote the growth of animals 
C)  to improve reproduction 
D)  to reduce digestive difficulties 
E)  to transmit bacterial resistance

Question 18

Describe the relationship between an organism’s genotype, phenotype, environment, and natural selection.

Accepted Answer

An organism's genotype determines its ph

Question 19

Antibiotic resistance is an example of which pattern of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  bifurcating selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  diversifying selection 
D)  intermediate selection 
E)  stabilizing selection 
A)  bifurcating selection 
B)  directional selection 
C)  diversifying selection 
D)  intermediate selection 
E)  stabilizing selection

Question 20

Explain how giving antibiotics to cattle and chickens can contribute to the evolution of superbugs.

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics in our food animals are lead

Exam 14: Natural Selection and Adaptation Bugs That Resist Drugs

Which pattern of natural selection is most common in patchy (nonuniform)environments?

You've gone to the doctor and she has determined that you have a Staphylococcus aureus infection,and it is one of the following possible strains (A-E),but she is not sure which.Which antibiotic is most likely to be effective?

What is the difference between stabilizing and diversifying selection?

Explain how evolution can lead to dead ends (groups that have gone extinct)and reconcile this with natural selection.

Discuss two possible entry routes for a Staphylococcus aureus infection.

If two alleles are incompletely dominant to each other and heterozygotes almost never survive,which pattern of natural selection would you expect to see?

If the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus fails to form properly,water will enter the cell

Drug resistance may take which of the following forms?

A population is described as

All of the following are reasons to complete a prescribed course of antibiotics,EXCEPT

A bacterial strain divides once every 30 minutes.After 90 minutes,a single bacterium can form a total of ___ bacteria.

What would the outcome be if an antibiotic-sensitive homogeneous (no variation)strain of S.aureus was grown in the presence of antibiotics?

You are about to move into a dorm suite and bathroom shared by seven other students.To reduce the likelihood of contracting an antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection,you and your suitemates should

The severity of a bacterial infection is related to

A bacterial strain will most likely become antibiotic resistant when it is grown in

Why are antibiotics given to livestock?

Describe the relationship between an organism’s genotype, phenotype, environment, and natural selection.

Antibiotic resistance is an example of which pattern of natural selection?

Explain how giving antibiotics to cattle and chickens can contribute to the evolution of superbugs.

The Process of Science Java Report

Chemistry and Molecules of Life Mission to Mars

Cell Function and Structure Wonder Drug

Nutrition,metabolism,enzymes the Peanut Butter Project

Energy Flow and Photosynthesis the Future of Fuel

Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration Supersize Me

DNA Structure and Replication Biologically Unique

Genes to Proteins Medicine From Milk

Cell Division and Mitosis Natures Pharmacy

Mutations and Cancer Fighting Fate

Single-Gene Inheritance and Meiosis Rock for a Cause

Complex Inheritance Qa: Genetics

Stem Cells and Cell Differentiation Grow Your Own

A: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

B: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

Evidence for Evolution a Fish With Fingers

Life on Earth Qa: Evolution

Prokaryotic Diversity Lost City

A: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

B: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

Human Evolution Skin Deep

A: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

B: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

A: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

B: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

A: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

B: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

A: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

B: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

A: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

B: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

Digestive System Drastic Measures

A: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

B: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

Respiratory System Peak Performance

A: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

B: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

Reproductive System Too Many Multiples

Immune System Viral Mysteries

A: Plant Physiology

B: Plant Physiology

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