Question 1

Which published scientific data would be most reliable?

Accepted Answer

A)  A local daily newspaper 
B)  A website 
C)  A drug company's clinical trial results 
D)  A popular scientific magazine 
E)  A peer-reviewed scientific journal 
A)  A local daily newspaper 
B)  A website 
C)  A drug company's clinical trial results 
D)  A popular scientific magazine 
E)  A peer-reviewed scientific journal E

Question 2

A controlled experiment describes the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  separate control and experimental groups. 
B)  precise measurements. 
C)  accurate and careful measurements. 
D)  more than one variable changing separately. 
E)  careful testing of the hypothesis. 
A)  separate control and experimental groups. 
B)  precise measurements. 
C)  accurate and careful measurements. 
D)  more than one variable changing separately. 
E)  careful testing of the hypothesis. A

Question 3

Some side effects of caffeine are

Accepted Answer

A)  vomiting. 
B)  fevers. 
C)  confusion. 
D)  fever. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  vomiting. 
B)  fevers. 
C)  confusion. 
D)  fever. 
E)  All of the above. E

Question 4

Studies involving coffee drinking have shown

Accepted Answer

A)  a link to pancreatic cancer. 
B)  no link to pancreatic cancer. 
C)  a link to infertility. 
D)  a lowering of the incidence of ovarian cancer. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  a link to pancreatic cancer. 
B)  no link to pancreatic cancer. 
C)  a link to infertility. 
D)  a lowering of the incidence of ovarian cancer. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells come from pre-existing cells. 
B)  Objects are attracted to one another by gravity. 
C)  A hypothesis supported by results from an experiment with 3,000 subjects. 
D)  All life forms are related to each other through common ancestry. 
E)  The universe was created from a large cosmic explosion. 
A)  Cells come from pre-existing cells. 
B)  Objects are attracted to one another by gravity. 
C)  A hypothesis supported by results from an experiment with 3,000 subjects. 
D)  All life forms are related to each other through common ancestry. 
E)  The universe was created from a large cosmic explosion.

Question 6

A small sample size

Accepted Answer

A)  will likely yield a high degree of statistical significance. 
B)  is unacceptable in scientific studies. 
C)  is usually a benefit to researchers. 
D)  does not allow the use of dependent and independent variables. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  will likely yield a high degree of statistical significance. 
B)  is unacceptable in scientific studies. 
C)  is usually a benefit to researchers. 
D)  does not allow the use of dependent and independent variables. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 7

To differentiate between a simple correlation and causation,researchers often divide subjects into treatment and control groups and follow them for a number of years to see if one group has a higher incidence of disease than the other group.What is this type of study called?

Accepted Answer

A randomiz

Question 8

A hypothesis is

Accepted Answer

A)  an idea that has been rigorously tested and never been disproven. 
B)  an idea that has been rigorously tested and only been disproven a few times. 
C)  an idea that can be tested and falsified. 
D)  an opinion. 
E)  an idea based on a person's experience or knowledge. 
A)  an idea that has been rigorously tested and never been disproven. 
B)  an idea that has been rigorously tested and only been disproven a few times. 
C)  an idea that can be tested and falsified. 
D)  an opinion. 
E)  an idea based on a person's experience or knowledge.

Question 9

Statistical significance

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates a high likelihood that your results are due to your treatment versus due to chance. 
B)  is more likely to be reliable if you have a small sample size versus a large sample size. 
C)  is a requirement of the data from a scientific experiment. 
D)  indicates that the hypothesis should be rejected. 
E)  depends on large data sets. 
A)  indicates a high likelihood that your results are due to your treatment versus due to chance. 
B)  is more likely to be reliable if you have a small sample size versus a large sample size. 
C)  is a requirement of the data from a scientific experiment. 
D)  indicates that the hypothesis should be rejected. 
E)  depends on large data sets.

Question 10

A significant result from a scientific study indicates

Accepted Answer

A)  a statistical error. 
B)  it occurred by chance. 
C)  a positive result. 
D)  a negative result. 
E)  a non-random result. 
A)  a statistical error. 
B)  it occurred by chance. 
C)  a positive result. 
D)  a negative result. 
E)  a non-random result.

Question 11

Scientific studies involving a subjectively assessed benefit (i.e.,caffeine and enhanced memory recall)can be complicated by

Accepted Answer

A)  too few observations. 
B)  improper controls. 
C)  poor subject selection. 
D)  side effects from the drug. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  too few observations. 
B)  improper controls. 
C)  poor subject selection. 
D)  side effects from the drug. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 12

A hypothesis is a statement that

Accepted Answer

A)  can be changed throughout the experiment. 
B)  can be avidly accepted by scientists. 
C)  can be tested and proven true. 
D)  can be tested and proven false. 
E)  precedes a theory. 
A)  can be changed throughout the experiment. 
B)  can be avidly accepted by scientists. 
C)  can be tested and proven true. 
D)  can be tested and proven false. 
E)  precedes a theory.

Question 13

Evidence that is not based on systematic scientific study is known as ____ evidence.

Accepted Answer

A)  empirical 
B)  causational 
C)  anecdotal 
D)  logical 
E)  statistical 
A)  empirical 
B)  causational 
C)  anecdotal 
D)  logical 
E)  statistical

Question 14

You read an article in the newspaper that says people who consume large amounts of red meat show an increased risk of having a heart attack.Is it correct,then,to say that red meat causes heart attacks? Why or why not? If not,what would be an appropriate conclusion?

Accepted Answer

No,you cannot say that red mea

Question 15

Use the following information to answer Questions 
A scientific study looked at the effect of tanning beds on DNA damage. The scientists took skin cells and exposed them to UV radiation (the type used in indoor tanning beds) for different lengths of time: some for 1 minute, some for 5 minutes, some for 15 minutes, and some for 30 minutes. They then looked for signs of DNA damage and compared the results to cells that had never been exposed to UV light.
-What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of skin cells 
B)  the type of light 
C)  the length of time the cells are exposed to UV light 
D)  the untreated cells 
E)  the amount of DNA damage in the cells 
A)  the number of skin cells 
B)  the type of light 
C)  the length of time the cells are exposed to UV light 
D)  the untreated cells 
E)  the amount of DNA damage in the cells

Question 16

What are the criteria for a good hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must be realistic and have only one possible result. 
B)  It must have only one possible result and be peer reviewed. 
C)  It must be based on anecdotal evidence and be testable. 
D)  It must be based on peer-reviewed journal articles and be realistic. 
E)  It must be testable and falsifiable. 
A)  It must be realistic and have only one possible result. 
B)  It must have only one possible result and be peer reviewed. 
C)  It must be based on anecdotal evidence and be testable. 
D)  It must be based on peer-reviewed journal articles and be realistic. 
E)  It must be testable and falsifiable.

Question 17

Which sample group would give the most statistically significant data?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 individual mice each tested once 
B)  one mouse tested 10 times 
C)  one pig 
D)  five pigs each tested five times 
E)  one mouse tested 100 times 
A)  10 individual mice each tested once 
B)  one mouse tested 10 times 
C)  one pig 
D)  five pigs each tested five times 
E)  one mouse tested 100 times

Question 18

In several reported incidents,local school boards have insisted that biology texts have a stamp placed inside that states that "Evolution is a theory." To their surprise,most science faculty have not objected to this language.Explain how each group interprets the statement that "Evolution is a theory."

Accepted Answer

In everyday usage,the word theory has co

Question 19

Scientific journals send out potential articles to other scientists working in the same research area,and those scientists make comments regarding the research.This is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  jurisprudence. 
B)  peer rebuttal. 
C)  journalistic integrity. 
D)  journalistic license. 
E)  peer review. 
A)  jurisprudence. 
B)  peer rebuttal. 
C)  journalistic integrity. 
D)  journalistic license. 
E)  peer review.

Question 20

The scientific process from beginning to end can be outlined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude. 
B)  observe, hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude. 
C)  observe, question, test, analyze, and conclude. 
D)  Hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude. 
E)  observe, test, hypothesize, analyze, and conclude. 
A)  hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude. 
B)  observe, hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude. 
C)  observe, question, test, analyze, and conclude. 
D)  Hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude. 
E)  observe, test, hypothesize, analyze, and conclude.

Exam 1: The Process of Science Java Report

Which published scientific data would be most reliable?

A controlled experiment describes the use of

Some side effects of caffeine are

Studies involving coffee drinking have shown

Which of the following is NOT a scientific theory?

A small sample size

To differentiate between a simple correlation and causation,researchers often divide subjects into treatment and control groups and follow them for a number of years to see if one group has a higher incidence of disease than the other group.What is this type of study called?

A hypothesis is

Statistical significance

A significant result from a scientific study indicates

Scientific studies involving a subjectively assessed benefit (i.e.,caffeine and enhanced memory recall)can be complicated by

A hypothesis is a statement that

Evidence that is not based on systematic scientific study is known as ____ evidence.

You read an article in the newspaper that says people who consume large amounts of red meat show an increased risk of having a heart attack.Is it correct,then,to say that red meat causes heart attacks? Why or why not? If not,what would be an appropriate conclusion?

What are the criteria for a good hypothesis?

Which sample group would give the most statistically significant data?

Scientific journals send out potential articles to other scientists working in the same research area,and those scientists make comments regarding the research.This is known as

The scientific process from beginning to end can be outlined as:

Chemistry and Molecules of Life Mission to Mars

Cell Function and Structure Wonder Drug

Nutrition,metabolism,enzymes the Peanut Butter Project

Energy Flow and Photosynthesis the Future of Fuel

Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration Supersize Me

DNA Structure and Replication Biologically Unique

Genes to Proteins Medicine From Milk

Cell Division and Mitosis Natures Pharmacy

Mutations and Cancer Fighting Fate

Single-Gene Inheritance and Meiosis Rock for a Cause

Complex Inheritance Qa: Genetics

Stem Cells and Cell Differentiation Grow Your Own

Natural Selection and Adaptation Bugs That Resist Drugs

A: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

B: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

Evidence for Evolution a Fish With Fingers

Life on Earth Qa: Evolution

Prokaryotic Diversity Lost City

A: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

B: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

Human Evolution Skin Deep

A: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

B: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

A: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

B: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

A: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

B: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

A: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

B: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

A: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

B: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

Digestive System Drastic Measures

A: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

B: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

Respiratory System Peak Performance

A: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

B: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

Reproductive System Too Many Multiples

Immune System Viral Mysteries

A: Plant Physiology

B: Plant Physiology

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