Question 1

What is DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  a molecule that is passed down to children from the father but not the mother 
B)  a molecule found only in blood 
C)  a molecule common to all life forms 
D)  a molecule found only in mammals 
E)  a molecule made of a single strand of nucleotides 
A)  a molecule that is passed down to children from the father but not the mother 
B)  a molecule found only in blood 
C)  a molecule common to all life forms 
D)  a molecule found only in mammals 
E)  a molecule made of a single strand of nucleotides C

Question 2

The use of DNA in forensic science is

Accepted Answer

A)  widely accepted. 
B)  junk science. 
C)  still being validated. 
D)  seldom used. 
E)  only used when other evidence is doubtful. 
A)  widely accepted. 
B)  junk science. 
C)  still being validated. 
D)  seldom used. 
E)  only used when other evidence is doubtful. A

Question 3

DNA replication is called because it results in one original strand paired with one newly synthesized strand.

Accepted Answer

semiconservative

Question 4

Explain base pairing in DNA.

Accepted Answer

DNA nucleotides pair up accord

Question 5

Which is NOT true of gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smaller DNA fragments remain together and cannot be separated. 
B)  PCR fragments can be separated using an electric current. 
C)  For any one STR region, a person may have either one or two bands. 
D)  PCR fragments of the same length travel through the gel at the same rate. 
E)  Large fragments stay closer to the loading wells. 
A)  Smaller DNA fragments remain together and cannot be separated. 
B)  PCR fragments can be separated using an electric current. 
C)  For any one STR region, a person may have either one or two bands. 
D)  PCR fragments of the same length travel through the gel at the same rate. 
E)  Large fragments stay closer to the loading wells.

Question 6

A DNA profile using 15 STRs may show as many as ____ bands on a gel.

Accepted Answer

A)  60 
B)  30 
C)  15 
D)  32 
E)  None of the above 
A)  60 
B)  30 
C)  15 
D)  32 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following describes the pattern of increasing copies of DNA during PCR amplification?

Accepted Answer

A)  1?2?3?4 
B)  1?2?4?8 
C)  1?10?100?1000 
D)  1?100?10000?1000000 
E)  The number of increasing copies does not follow a pattern. 
A)  1?2?3?4 
B)  1?2?4?8 
C)  1?10?100?1000 
D)  1?100?10000?1000000 
E)  The number of increasing copies does not follow a pattern.

Question 8

Red blood cells go through some special modifications as they mature.As a final step,the cells lose their nucleus.Which of the following is a likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cells have extra genes not found in other cells. 
B)  Red blood cells have less DNA than other cells. 
C)  Red blood cells have less carbohydrate than other cells. 
D)  Red blood cells have more DNA than other cells. 
E)  Red blood cells are larger than most other cells. 
A)  Red blood cells have extra genes not found in other cells. 
B)  Red blood cells have less DNA than other cells. 
C)  Red blood cells have less carbohydrate than other cells. 
D)  Red blood cells have more DNA than other cells. 
E)  Red blood cells are larger than most other cells.

Question 9

What are nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes that copy DNA 
B)  molecules that make up the information contained in DNA 
C)  molecules that consist of a sugar, a protein, and a base 
D)  molecules around which chromosomes coil 
E)  enzymes that split DNA apart so that the DNA can be copied 
A)  enzymes that copy DNA 
B)  molecules that make up the information contained in DNA 
C)  molecules that consist of a sugar, a protein, and a base 
D)  molecules around which chromosomes coil 
E)  enzymes that split DNA apart so that the DNA can be copied

Question 10

DNA can generally be extracted from

Accepted Answer

A)  hair. 
B)  blood. 
C)  saliva. 
D)  skin cells. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  hair. 
B)  blood. 
C)  saliva. 
D)  skin cells. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 11

Why is heating a first step in PCR amplification of extracted DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzyme DNA polymerase works at a higher temperature. 
B)  The nucleotides bind together at high heat. 
C)  It is necessary for DNA strands to anneal to each other. 
D)  It permits hydrogen bonds between DNA strands to dissociate. 
E)  It is required for primers to bind permanently to the DNA. 
A)  The enzyme DNA polymerase works at a higher temperature. 
B)  The nucleotides bind together at high heat. 
C)  It is necessary for DNA strands to anneal to each other. 
D)  It permits hydrogen bonds between DNA strands to dissociate. 
E)  It is required for primers to bind permanently to the DNA.

Question 12

What is the correct pattern of nucleotide base pairing?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine-cytosine; guanine-thymine 
B)  adenine-guanine; cytosine-thymine 
C)  adenine-thymine; guanine-cytosine 
D)  adenine-adenine; thymine-thymine 
E)  adenine-guanine; adenine-cytosine 
A)  adenine-cytosine; guanine-thymine 
B)  adenine-guanine; cytosine-thymine 
C)  adenine-thymine; guanine-cytosine 
D)  adenine-adenine; thymine-thymine 
E)  adenine-guanine; adenine-cytosine

Question 13

DNA replication results in __________ copies of a cell's genome.

Accepted Answer

A)  two similar 
B)  two identical 
C)  four similar 
D)  four identical 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  two similar 
B)  two identical 
C)  four similar 
D)  four identical 
E)  None of the above.

Question 14

An individual's DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  different in every cell. 
B)  varies depending on cell type. 
C)  identical in all cells. 
D)  identical only in some cells. 
E)  identical to their mother's DNA. 
A)  different in every cell. 
B)  varies depending on cell type. 
C)  identical in all cells. 
D)  identical only in some cells. 
E)  identical to their mother's DNA.

Question 15

To make a copy of DNA,all of the following must occur EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds break. 
B)  adenine pairs with thymine. 
C)  DNA polymerase binds to the DNA. 
D)  the old strand is used as a template. 
E)  the DNA coils to form a replication helix. 
A)  hydrogen bonds break. 
B)  adenine pairs with thymine. 
C)  DNA polymerase binds to the DNA. 
D)  the old strand is used as a template. 
E)  the DNA coils to form a replication helix.

Question 16

From a forensic sample,you have 15 copies of a short length of DNA.You need at least 450,000 copies to start your DNA analysis,and it takes 3 minutes per cycle with your PCR equipment.How many cycles are needed? How long will it be before you can start analyzing your DNA?

Accepted Answer

To make 450,000 copies from 15

Question 17

What is a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  a large piece of DNA found within the cytoplasm of a cell 
B)  a large protein that surrounds and protects DNA 
C)  a large, tightly bound piece of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells 
D)  a starting material used for producing DNA in a cell 
E)  a term used to describe all the genetic material found within a person's cells 
A)  a large piece of DNA found within the cytoplasm of a cell 
B)  a large protein that surrounds and protects DNA 
C)  a large, tightly bound piece of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells 
D)  a starting material used for producing DNA in a cell 
E)  a term used to describe all the genetic material found within a person's cells

Question 18

Identify the correct nucleotide base pairing.

Accepted Answer

A)  A-C; G-T 
B)  A-G; C-T 
C)  A-T; G-C 
D)  A-A; T-T 
E)  A-G; A-C 
A)  A-C; G-T 
B)  A-G; C-T 
C)  A-T; G-C 
D)  A-A; T-T 
E)  A-G; A-C

Question 19

If you share the same banding pattern at an individual STR site with up to 20% of all other people,how is it that STRs can positively identify one individual among millions?

Accepted Answer

While someone may share the same banding

Question 20

How many STR patterns are generally analyzed to create a profile?

Accepted Answer

A)  9 
B)  11 
C)  12 
D)  15 
E)  17 
A)  9 
B)  11 
C)  12 
D)  15 
E)  17

Exam 7: DNA Structure and Replication Biologically Unique

What is DNA?

The use of DNA in forensic science is

DNA replication is called because it results in one original strand paired with one newly synthesized strand.

Explain base pairing in DNA.

Which is NOT true of gel electrophoresis?

A DNA profile using 15 STRs may show as many as ____ bands on a gel.

Which of the following describes the pattern of increasing copies of DNA during PCR amplification?

Red blood cells go through some special modifications as they mature.As a final step,the cells lose their nucleus.Which of the following is a likely consequence?

What are nucleotides?

DNA can generally be extracted from

Why is heating a first step in PCR amplification of extracted DNA?

What is the correct pattern of nucleotide base pairing?

DNA replication results in __________ copies of a cell's genome.

An individual's DNA is

To make a copy of DNA,all of the following must occur EXCEPT

From a forensic sample,you have 15 copies of a short length of DNA.You need at least 450,000 copies to start your DNA analysis,and it takes 3 minutes per cycle with your PCR equipment.How many cycles are needed? How long will it be before you can start analyzing your DNA?

What is a chromosome?

Identify the correct nucleotide base pairing.

If you share the same banding pattern at an individual STR site with up to 20% of all other people,how is it that STRs can positively identify one individual among millions?

How many STR patterns are generally analyzed to create a profile?

The Process of Science Java Report

Chemistry and Molecules of Life Mission to Mars

Cell Function and Structure Wonder Drug

Nutrition,metabolism,enzymes the Peanut Butter Project

Energy Flow and Photosynthesis the Future of Fuel

Dietary Energy and Cellular Respiration Supersize Me

Genes to Proteins Medicine From Milk

Cell Division and Mitosis Natures Pharmacy

Mutations and Cancer Fighting Fate

Single-Gene Inheritance and Meiosis Rock for a Cause

Complex Inheritance Qa: Genetics

Stem Cells and Cell Differentiation Grow Your Own

Natural Selection and Adaptation Bugs That Resist Drugs

A: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

B: Nonadaptive Evolution and Speciation Urban Evolution

Evidence for Evolution a Fish With Fingers

Life on Earth Qa: Evolution

Prokaryotic Diversity Lost City

A: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

B: Eukaryotic Diversity Rain Forest Riches

Human Evolution Skin Deep

A: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

B: Population Ecology on the Tracks of Wolves and Moose

A: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

B: Community Ecology Whats Happening to Honey Bees

A: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

B: Ecosystem Ecology the Heat Is on

A: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

B: Sustainability the Makings of a Green City

A: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

B: Overview of Physiology Man Versus Mountain

Digestive System Drastic Measures

A: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

B: Cardiovascular System Death in Bogalusa

Respiratory System Peak Performance

A: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

B: Central Nervous System Smoke on the Brain

Reproductive System Too Many Multiples

Immune System Viral Mysteries

A: Plant Physiology

B: Plant Physiology

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