Question 1

When conducting a search for previous literature using PsychINFO,one:

Accepted Answer

A)  can use the OR operator to include those sources that contain all the search terms specified. 
B)  should avoid using standard psychological terms. 
C)  can use the NOT operator to exclude sources that contain the search terms specified. 
D)  should avoid using the Boolean operators. 
A)  can use the OR operator to include those sources that contain all the search terms specified. 
B)  should avoid using standard psychological terms. 
C)  can use the NOT operator to exclude sources that contain the search terms specified. 
D)  should avoid using the Boolean operators. C

Question 2

A(n)_____ is a tentative idea or question that is waiting for evidence to support or refute it,whereas a(n)_____ is a guess about the outcome of a hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  prediction;scientific law 
B)  hypothesis;prediction 
C)  guess;research question 
D)  research question;axiom 
A)  prediction;scientific law 
B)  hypothesis;prediction 
C)  guess;research question 
D)  research question;axiom B

Question 3

In which section of the research report would a researcher describe the practical application of an experiment's results?

Accepted Answer

A)  The introduction 
B)  The method section 
C)  The results section 
D)  The discussion section 
A)  The introduction 
B)  The method section 
C)  The results section 
D)  The discussion section D

Question 4

Which of the following PsycINFO search strategies should be employed by researchers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoid using AND to limit a search. 
B)  Avoid using NOT to exclude search terms. 
C)  Use fields such as the TITLE and AUTHOR. 
D)  Use OR to limit a search. 
A)  Avoid using AND to limit a search. 
B)  Avoid using NOT to exclude search terms. 
C)  Use fields such as the TITLE and AUTHOR. 
D)  Use OR to limit a search.

Question 5

A researcher who reads the study on cell phone use by Cramer et.al. ,decides to conduct a study to find ways to reduce cell phone use while driving.Which of the following sources of idea is best illustrated in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)  Past research 
B)  Observation of the world 
C)  Common sense 
D)  Myth 
A)  Past research 
B)  Observation of the world 
C)  Common sense 
D)  Myth

Question 6

If the prediction "Participants who consume alcohol will score lower on a reaction time test than participants who do not consume alcohol" is confirmed,we can say the hypothesis is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  tentative 
B)  supported 
C)  unalterable 
D)  ambiguous 
A)  tentative 
B)  supported 
C)  unalterable 
D)  ambiguous

Question 7

Deena,a research student,decides to test the proverb "Birds of a feather flock together" as part of her research project.In this scenario,_____ is most likely to be the initial source of Deena's idea.

Accepted Answer

A)  practical problems 
B)  past research 
C)  scientific theory 
D)  common sense 
A)  practical problems 
B)  past research 
C)  scientific theory 
D)  common sense

Question 8

Using the Boolean operator OR when performing a search on PsycINFO will:

Accepted Answer

A)  include sources that contain all the search terms specified. 
B)  expand the search. 
C)  exclude sources that contain the search terms specified. 
D)  have no effect on the search. 
A)  include sources that contain all the search terms specified. 
B)  expand the search. 
C)  exclude sources that contain the search terms specified. 
D)  have no effect on the search.

Question 9

Testing common sense ideas:

Accepted Answer

A)  is of little value because it consists of things we already know are true. 
B)  never results in new knowledge. 
C)  should only be done if a theory has been developed. 
D)  is valuable because such notions often turn out to be incorrect. 
A)  is of little value because it consists of things we already know are true. 
B)  never results in new knowledge. 
C)  should only be done if a theory has been developed. 
D)  is valuable because such notions often turn out to be incorrect.

Question 10

Which of the following best represents a prediction?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Female defendants are more likely to receive shorter prison sentences than male defendants." 
B)  "Are gender and judgments of criminal behavior related?" 
C)  "Do ratings of social desirability vary according to gender?" 
D)  "Male and female defendants involved in criminal cases are chosen as the participants of a study to determine the relationship between gender and judgments of criminal behavior." 
A)  "Female defendants are more likely to receive shorter prison sentences than male defendants." 
B)  "Are gender and judgments of criminal behavior related?" 
C)  "Do ratings of social desirability vary according to gender?" 
D)  "Male and female defendants involved in criminal cases are chosen as the participants of a study to determine the relationship between gender and judgments of criminal behavior."

Question 11

In the context of exploring past research,which of the following strategies should a researcher employ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a single database. 
B)  Avoid using the words review and meta-analysis in the title of an article. 
C)  Avoid using the "cited references" information provided by Google Scholar. 
D)  Use a variety of key words. 
A)  Use a single database. 
B)  Avoid using the words review and meta-analysis in the title of an article. 
C)  Avoid using the "cited references" information provided by Google Scholar. 
D)  Use a variety of key words.

Question 12

The scientific meaning of the term "theory" is:

Accepted Answer

A)  essentially the same as a hypothesis. 
B)  valid only if the theory can be proven. 
C)  grounded in data from prior research. 
D)  "just an idea" even if there are numerous hypotheses that support it. 
A)  essentially the same as a hypothesis. 
B)  valid only if the theory can be proven. 
C)  grounded in data from prior research. 
D)  "just an idea" even if there are numerous hypotheses that support it.

Question 13

The statement "Females are more likely to report greater incidences of sexual harassment than males" is an example of a _____,while the question "Do reported incidences of sexual harassment vary according to gender?" is an example of a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis;research question 
B)  prediction;hypothesis 
C)  guess;prediction 
D)  rule;axiom 
A)  hypothesis;research question 
B)  prediction;hypothesis 
C)  guess;prediction 
D)  rule;axiom

Question 14

Victor is writing a section of a research report that shows how past research and theory are connected to the current research problem and expected results.Victor is most likely writing the _____ section of the research report.

Accepted Answer

A)  introduction 
B)  method 
C)  results 
D)  discussion 
A)  introduction 
B)  method 
C)  results 
D)  discussion

Question 15

A researcher designs a study to examine the relationship between gender and time spent talking in a group.According to the researcher,the outcome of the study is likely to be that males talk more than females in a gender-balanced group.The researcher's statement about the outcome of the study is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  theory. 
B)  research question. 
C)  prediction. 
D)  moral judgment. 
A)  theory. 
B)  research question. 
C)  prediction. 
D)  moral judgment.

Question 16

A scientist intends to study alternative explanations for the theories on the origin of the universe as he finds the existing theories to be fallacious.This scenario is an example of using _____ as an initial source of idea.

Accepted Answer

A)  myths 
B)  observation of an actual event 
C)  past research 
D)  common sense 
A)  myths 
B)  observation of an actual event 
C)  past research 
D)  common sense

Question 17

A hypothesis is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  statement that has already been confirmed by the results of a study. 
B)  tentative statement about something that may be true. 
C)  fact that has been demonstrated to exist or known to exist. 
D)  scientific law that is often represented by mathematical formula. 
A)  statement that has already been confirmed by the results of a study. 
B)  tentative statement about something that may be true. 
C)  fact that has been demonstrated to exist or known to exist. 
D)  scientific law that is often represented by mathematical formula.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of Google Scholar?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can be accessed only through Internet Explorer. 
B)  It is a paid service which requires an annual subscription. 
C)  It ranks a search output by the contents of an article along with its overall prominence. 
D)  It includes content from published works solely in the field of psychology and related sciences. 
A)  It can be accessed only through Internet Explorer. 
B)  It is a paid service which requires an annual subscription. 
C)  It ranks a search output by the contents of an article along with its overall prominence. 
D)  It includes content from published works solely in the field of psychology and related sciences.

Question 19

When an interesting discovery,such as Pavlov's phenomenon of classical conditioning,is a result of an accident or luck,this finding can be attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  directive research. 
B)  purposeful research. 
C)  serendipity. 
D)  inquisition. 
A)  directive research. 
B)  purposeful research. 
C)  serendipity. 
D)  inquisition.

Question 20

An advantage of using past research as a source of ideas for research is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  new ideas are often generated from old ones. 
B)  new ideas are easily proved through experiments when compared to other sources of ideas. 
C)  new ideas do not require formulation of hypotheses to be supported. 
D)  new ideas are readily accepted without empirical evidence. 
A)  new ideas are often generated from old ones. 
B)  new ideas are easily proved through experiments when compared to other sources of ideas. 
C)  new ideas do not require formulation of hypotheses to be supported. 
D)  new ideas are readily accepted without empirical evidence.

When conducting a search for previous literature using PsychINFO,one:

A(n)_ is a tentative idea or question that is waiting for evidence to support or refute it,whereas a(n)_ is a guess about the outcome of a hypothesis.

In which section of the research report would a researcher describe the practical application of an experiment's results?

Which of the following PsycINFO search strategies should be employed by researchers?

A researcher who reads the study on cell phone use by Cramer et.al. ,decides to conduct a study to find ways to reduce cell phone use while driving.Which of the following sources of idea is best illustrated in this scenario?

If the prediction "Participants who consume alcohol will score lower on a reaction time test than participants who do not consume alcohol" is confirmed,we can say the hypothesis is _____.

Deena,a research student,decides to test the proverb "Birds of a feather flock together" as part of her research project.In this scenario,_____ is most likely to be the initial source of Deena's idea.

Using the Boolean operator OR when performing a search on PsycINFO will:

Testing common sense ideas:

Which of the following best represents a prediction?

In the context of exploring past research,which of the following strategies should a researcher employ?

The scientific meaning of the term "theory" is:

The statement "Females are more likely to report greater incidences of sexual harassment than males" is an example of a _,while the question "Do reported incidences of sexual harassment vary according to gender?" is an example of a(n)_.

Victor is writing a section of a research report that shows how past research and theory are connected to the current research problem and expected results.Victor is most likely writing the _____ section of the research report.

A scientist intends to study alternative explanations for the theories on the origin of the universe as he finds the existing theories to be fallacious.This scenario is an example of using _____ as an initial source of idea.

A hypothesis is a:

Which of the following statements is true of Google Scholar?

When an interesting discovery,such as Pavlov's phenomenon of classical conditioning,is a result of an accident or luck,this finding can be attributed to:

An advantage of using past research as a source of ideas for research is that:

Scientific Understanding of Behavior

Ethics in Behavioral Research

Fundamental Research Issues

Measurement Concepts

Observational Methods

Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Experimental Design

Conducting Experiments

Complex Experimental Designs

Single-Case, Quasi-Experimental, and Developmental Research

Understanding Research Results: Description and Correlation

Understanding Research Results: Statistical Inference

Generalization

Filters

Exam 2: Where to Start

When conducting a search for previous literature using PsychINFO,one:

A(n)_____ is a tentative idea or question that is waiting for evidence to support or refute it,whereas a(n)_____ is a guess about the outcome of a hypothesis.

In which section of the research report would a researcher describe the practical application of an experiment's results?

Which of the following PsycINFO search strategies should be employed by researchers?

A researcher who reads the study on cell phone use by Cramer et.al. ,decides to conduct a study to find ways to reduce cell phone use while driving.Which of the following sources of idea is best illustrated in this scenario?

If the prediction "Participants who consume alcohol will score lower on a reaction time test than participants who do not consume alcohol" is confirmed,we can say the hypothesis is _____.

Deena,a research student,decides to test the proverb "Birds of a feather flock together" as part of her research project.In this scenario,_____ is most likely to be the initial source of Deena's idea.

Using the Boolean operator OR when performing a search on PsycINFO will:

Testing common sense ideas:

Which of the following best represents a prediction?

In the context of exploring past research,which of the following strategies should a researcher employ?

The scientific meaning of the term "theory" is:

The statement "Females are more likely to report greater incidences of sexual harassment than males" is an example of a _____,while the question "Do reported incidences of sexual harassment vary according to gender?" is an example of a(n)_____.

Victor is writing a section of a research report that shows how past research and theory are connected to the current research problem and expected results.Victor is most likely writing the _____ section of the research report.

A scientist intends to study alternative explanations for the theories on the origin of the universe as he finds the existing theories to be fallacious.This scenario is an example of using _____ as an initial source of idea.

A hypothesis is a:

Which of the following statements is true of Google Scholar?

When an interesting discovery,such as Pavlov's phenomenon of classical conditioning,is a result of an accident or luck,this finding can be attributed to:

An advantage of using past research as a source of ideas for research is that:

Scientific Understanding of Behavior

Ethics in Behavioral Research

Fundamental Research Issues

Measurement Concepts

Observational Methods

Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Experimental Design

Conducting Experiments

Complex Experimental Designs

Single-Case, Quasi-Experimental, and Developmental Research

Understanding Research Results: Description and Correlation

Understanding Research Results: Statistical Inference

Generalization

Filters

A(n)_ is a tentative idea or question that is waiting for evidence to support or refute it,whereas a(n)_ is a guess about the outcome of a hypothesis.

The statement "Females are more likely to report greater incidences of sexual harassment than males" is an example of a _,while the question "Do reported incidences of sexual harassment vary according to gender?" is an example of a(n)_.