Question 1

_____ problems require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion.

Accepted Answer

A) Arrangement 
B) Inducing structure 
C) Transformation 
D) Prescriptive 
A) Arrangement 
B) Inducing structure 
C) Transformation 
D) Prescriptive

Question 2

_____ problems consist of an initial state,a goal state,and a method for changing the initial state into the goal state.

Accepted Answer

A) Arrangement 
B) Inducing structure 
C) Transformation 
D) Prescriptive 
A) Arrangement 
B) Inducing structure 
C) Transformation 
D) Prescriptive

Question 3

Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) syntactician. 
B) semanticist. 
C) phonologist. 
D) translator. 
A) syntactician. 
B) semanticist. 
C) phonologist. 
D) translator.

Question 4

How do psychologists define creativity? Identify some of the cognitive processes and personality characteristics that appear to be associated with creativity.How might you describe the relationship between creativity and intelligence? To what extent does this relationship reflect the traditional assessment of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The answer should mention the following

Question 5

Alyssa uses a shoe as a hammer and a butter knife as a screwdriver while making several minor household repairs.Which of the following statements best characterizes Alyssa's problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A) She is constrained by a powerful mental set. 
B) She has been released from functional fixedness. 
C) She is taking advantage of the representative heuristiC. 
D) She is forming subgoals. 
A) She is constrained by a powerful mental set. 
B) She has been released from functional fixedness. 
C) She is taking advantage of the representative heuristiC. 
D) She is forming subgoals.

Question 6

Suppose you meet a woman who killed her stepdaughter,and then later when you meet another woman who is having trouble with her stepdaughter,you are most likely to think that this woman too will kill her stepdaughter.You come to this conclusion as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A) functional fixedness. 
B) the representativeness heuristic. 
C) the availability heuristiC. 
D) confirmation bias. 
A) functional fixedness. 
B) the representativeness heuristic. 
C) the availability heuristiC. 
D) confirmation bias.

Question 7

"How many uses can you think of for a brick?" asks the examiner.You are taking a test of _____thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "How many uses can you think of...

Question 8

If children are not exposed to language during a(n)_____period early in life,they may never acquire it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If children are not exposed to language...

Question 9

Which of the following individuals is NOT engaged in reasoning,as psychologists define the term?

Accepted Answer

A) Clay,who is deciding which make and model of used car is least likely to present a maintenance headache,based on his friends' testimonials 
B) Darla,who is concluding that a particular model of used car is a poor investment over the longer term,based on a report in a consumer magazine 
C) Emilio,who is dreaming about a novel way to earn the cash for a new used car 
D) Mark,who is deciding which college to go to,based on the reviews each of them has received 
A) Clay,who is deciding which make and model of used car is least likely to present a maintenance headache,based on his friends' testimonials 
B) Darla,who is concluding that a particular model of used car is a poor investment over the longer term,based on a report in a consumer magazine 
C) Emilio,who is dreaming about a novel way to earn the cash for a new used car 
D) Mark,who is deciding which college to go to,based on the reviews each of them has received

Question 10

Ricky tells his grandmother,"Momma holded the rabbit." In the context of language,Ricky's statement exemplifies:

Accepted Answer

A) idiomatic speech. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) babbling. 
D) overgeneralization. 
A) idiomatic speech. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) babbling. 
D) overgeneralization.

Question 11

The apparent suddenness of insightful problem solutions:

Accepted Answer

A) may rest in part on the foundation of trial and error. 
B) may be based on the availability heuristic. 
C) has been affirmed by empirical research. 
D) requires the application of confirmation bias. 
A) may rest in part on the foundation of trial and error. 
B) may be based on the availability heuristic. 
C) has been affirmed by empirical research. 
D) requires the application of confirmation bias.

Question 12

_____require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion.

Accepted Answer

Arrangemen

Question 13

Those raised in the United States are most likely to use _____ relationships to categorize.

Accepted Answer

A) semantic 
B) functional 
C) categorical 
D) thematic 
A) semantic 
B) functional 
C) categorical 
D) thematic

Question 14

A rule that guarantees the solution to a problem when it is correctly applied is termed as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) heuristic. 
B) algorithm. 
C) premise. 
D) syllogism. 
A) heuristic. 
B) algorithm. 
C) premise. 
D) syllogism.

Question 15

A prototype is:

Accepted Answer

A) the most typical or highly representative example of a concept. 
B) the first example of a concept that one encounters. 
C) the least frequent example of a concept. 
D) the most unusual or distinctive example of a concept. 
A) the most typical or highly representative example of a concept. 
B) the first example of a concept that one encounters. 
C) the least frequent example of a concept. 
D) the most unusual or distinctive example of a concept.

Question 16

Mental representations of objects are called _____; mental grouping of similar objects,events,or people are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) images; concepts 
B) images; images as well 
C) concepts; concepts as well 
D) concepts; images 
A) images; concepts 
B) images; images as well 
C) concepts; concepts as well 
D) concepts; images

Question 17

Distinguish between well-defined and ill-defined problems.Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Students' examples may vary.
The answer

Question 18

The ability to generate original ideas or develop novel solutions to problems is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) convergent thinking. 
B) insight. 
C) creativity. 
D) syllogistic reasoning. 
A) convergent thinking. 
B) insight. 
C) creativity. 
D) syllogistic reasoning.

Question 19

One can use a(n)_____ even if he or she doesn't understand why it works.

Accepted Answer

A) heuristic. 
B) algorithm. 
C) premise. 
D) syllogism. 
A) heuristic. 
B) algorithm. 
C) premise. 
D) syllogism.

Question 20

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the components of a language,from the smallest or most specific to the broadest?

Accepted Answer

A) Phoneme $\rarr$ syntax $\rarr$ semantics 
B) Syntax $\rarr$ semantics $\rarr$phoneme 
C) Phoneme $\rarr$ semantics $\rarr$syntax 
D) Syntax $\rarr$ phoneme $\rarr$ semantics 
A) Phoneme $\rarr$ syntax $\rarr$ semantics 
B) Syntax $\rarr$ semantics $\rarr$phoneme 
C) Phoneme $\rarr$ semantics $\rarr$syntax 
D) Syntax $\rarr$ phoneme $\rarr$ semantics

_____ problems require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion.

_____ problems consist of an initial state,a goal state,and a method for changing the initial state into the goal state.

Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n):

Alyssa uses a shoe as a hammer and a butter knife as a screwdriver while making several minor household repairs.Which of the following statements best characterizes Alyssa's problem solving?

Suppose you meet a woman who killed her stepdaughter,and then later when you meet another woman who is having trouble with her stepdaughter,you are most likely to think that this woman too will kill her stepdaughter.You come to this conclusion as a result of:

"How many uses can you think of for a brick?" asks the examiner.You are taking a test of _____thinking.

If children are not exposed to language during a(n)_____period early in life,they may never acquire it.

Which of the following individuals is NOT engaged in reasoning,as psychologists define the term?

Ricky tells his grandmother,"Momma holded the rabbit." In the context of language,Ricky's statement exemplifies:

The apparent suddenness of insightful problem solutions:

_____require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion.

Those raised in the United States are most likely to use _____ relationships to categorize.

A rule that guarantees the solution to a problem when it is correctly applied is termed as a(n):

A prototype is:

Mental representations of objects are called _; mental grouping of similar objects,events,or people are called _.

Distinguish between well-defined and ill-defined problems.Provide an example of each.

The ability to generate original ideas or develop novel solutions to problems is known as:

One can use a(n)_____ even if he or she doesn't understand why it works.

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the components of a language,from the smallest or most specific to the broadest?

Introduction to Psychology

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Exam 8: Cognition and Language

_____ problems require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion.

_____ problems consist of an initial state,a goal state,and a method for changing the initial state into the goal state.

Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n):

Alyssa uses a shoe as a hammer and a butter knife as a screwdriver while making several minor household repairs.Which of the following statements best characterizes Alyssa's problem solving?

Suppose you meet a woman who killed her stepdaughter,and then later when you meet another woman who is having trouble with her stepdaughter,you are most likely to think that this woman too will kill her stepdaughter.You come to this conclusion as a result of:

"How many uses can you think of for a brick?" asks the examiner.You are taking a test of _____thinking.

If children are not exposed to language during a(n)_____period early in life,they may never acquire it.

Which of the following individuals is NOT engaged in reasoning,as psychologists define the term?

Ricky tells his grandmother,"Momma holded the rabbit." In the context of language,Ricky's statement exemplifies:

The apparent suddenness of insightful problem solutions:

_____require the problem solver to rearrange or recombine elements in a way that will satisfy a certain criterion.

Those raised in the United States are most likely to use _____ relationships to categorize.

A rule that guarantees the solution to a problem when it is correctly applied is termed as a(n):

A prototype is:

Mental representations of objects are called _____; mental grouping of similar objects,events,or people are called _____.

Distinguish between well-defined and ill-defined problems.Provide an example of each.

The ability to generate original ideas or develop novel solutions to problems is known as:

One can use a(n)_____ even if he or she doesn't understand why it works.

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the components of a language,from the smallest or most specific to the broadest?

Introduction to Psychology

Psychology Research

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

Filters

Mental representations of objects are called _; mental grouping of similar objects,events,or people are called _.