Question 1

The _________ complex contains three proteins designated as the I,T,and C types.

Accepted Answer

A) actin 
B) myosin 
C) tropomyosin 
D) troponin 
A) actin 
B) myosin 
C) tropomyosin 
D) troponin D

Question 2

Which of the following molecules is NOT part of the thin filament?

Accepted Answer

A) actin 
B) titin 
C) troponin 
D) tropomyosin 
A) actin 
B) titin 
C) troponin 
D) tropomyosin B

Question 3

The inability of muscle cells to relax due to high frequency stimulation is termed

Accepted Answer

A) treppe. 
B) recruitment. 
C) twitch. 
D) tetanus. 
A) treppe. 
B) recruitment. 
C) twitch. 
D) tetanus. D

Question 4

Muscle fatigue

Accepted Answer

A) occurs when muscles are only partially able to contract. 
B) occurs when muscle cell glycogen is depleted. 
C) occurs when muscle cell pH increases. 
D) occurs due to decreased extracellular K+. 
A) occurs when muscles are only partially able to contract. 
B) occurs when muscle cell glycogen is depleted. 
C) occurs when muscle cell pH increases. 
D) occurs due to decreased extracellular K+.

Question 5

The origin is the point of muscle attachment that is most stationary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Alpha motoneurons innervate

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear chain fibers. 
B) nuclear bag fibers. 
C) extrafusal fibers. 
D) intrafusal fibers. 
A) nuclear chain fibers. 
B) nuclear bag fibers. 
C) extrafusal fibers. 
D) intrafusal fibers.

Question 7

Type I skeletal muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

A) contract rapidly. 
B) have a large diameter. 
C) have a low myoglobin concentration. 
D) have numerous mitochondria. 
A) contract rapidly. 
B) have a large diameter. 
C) have a low myoglobin concentration. 
D) have numerous mitochondria.

Question 8

ATP in muscle contraction is needed for

Accepted Answer

A) attachment of myosin cross bridges to actin. 
B) release of myosin cross bridges from actin. 
C) pumping of Ca2+ back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
D) All apply. 
A) attachment of myosin cross bridges to actin. 
B) release of myosin cross bridges from actin. 
C) pumping of Ca2+ back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
D) All apply.

Question 9

Smooth muscle contraction requires the actions of myosin light chain kinase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Summation occurs in muscle cells when stimulus frequency increases to produce a greater force contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The muscle spindle apparatus is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) extrafusal fibers. 
B) tendons. 
C) intrafusal fibers. 
D) Golgi tendon organs. 
A) extrafusal fibers. 
B) tendons. 
C) intrafusal fibers. 
D) Golgi tendon organs.

Question 12

Transverse tubules contain voltage-gated calcium channels that respond to membrane depolarization and are directly coupled to the calcium release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

During skeletal muscle contraction the A band decreases in size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The Ca2+ required for skeletal muscle contraction

Accepted Answer

A) is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) enters the cell due to the opening of voltage regulated Ca2+ channels from the T tubules. 
C) is actively transported into the cell. 
D) is released from mitochondria. 
A) is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) enters the cell due to the opening of voltage regulated Ca2+ channels from the T tubules. 
C) is actively transported into the cell. 
D) is released from mitochondria.

Question 15

What is the lighter area in the center of the A-band called?

Accepted Answer

A) M-line 
B) titin 
C) Z-disc 
D) H band 
A) M-line 
B) titin 
C) Z-disc 
D) H band

Question 16

Myostatin is

Accepted Answer

A) a paracrine regulator that inhibits satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
B) a paracrine regulator that stimulates satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
C) an autocrine regulator that inhibits satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
D) an autocrine regulator that stimulates satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
A) a paracrine regulator that inhibits satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
B) a paracrine regulator that stimulates satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
C) an autocrine regulator that inhibits satellite cell function and muscle growth. 
D) an autocrine regulator that stimulates satellite cell function and muscle growth.

Question 17

The greater the level of physical training,the higher the proportion of energy derived from the oxidation of ____ during exercise below VO2max.

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) protein 
C) amino acids 
D) fatty acids 
A) glucose 
B) protein 
C) amino acids 
D) fatty acids

Question 18

Increasing the frequency of action potentials in a somatic motor neuron will induce increased force of muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When skeletal muscle cells contract,they increase in length.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The first 1 to 2 minutes of moderate to heavy exercise relies on _____ for ATP production.

Accepted Answer

A) aerobic respiration of glucose 
B) anaerobic respiration of glucose 
C) aerobic respiration of fatty acids 
D) anaerobic respiration of amino acids 
A) aerobic respiration of glucose 
B) anaerobic respiration of glucose 
C) aerobic respiration of fatty acids 
D) anaerobic respiration of amino acids

The _________ complex contains three proteins designated as the I,T,and C types.

Which of the following molecules is NOT part of the thin filament?

The inability of muscle cells to relax due to high frequency stimulation is termed

Muscle fatigue

The origin is the point of muscle attachment that is most stationary.

Alpha motoneurons innervate

Type I skeletal muscle fibers

ATP in muscle contraction is needed for

Smooth muscle contraction requires the actions of myosin light chain kinase.

Summation occurs in muscle cells when stimulus frequency increases to produce a greater force contraction.

The muscle spindle apparatus is associated with

Transverse tubules contain voltage-gated calcium channels that respond to membrane depolarization and are directly coupled to the calcium release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

During skeletal muscle contraction the A band decreases in size.

The Ca²⁺ required for skeletal muscle contraction

What is the lighter area in the center of the A-band called?

Myostatin is

The greater the level of physical training,the higher the proportion of energy derived from the oxidation of ____ during exercise below VO_2max.

Increasing the frequency of action potentials in a somatic motor neuron will induce increased force of muscle contraction.

When skeletal muscle cells contract,they increase in length.

The first 1 to 2 minutes of moderate to heavy exercise relies on _____ for ATP production.

The Study of Body Function

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cell Structure and Genetic Control

Cell Respiration and Metabolism

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment

The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones

Blood,heart and Circulation

Cardiac Output, blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Immune System

Respiratory Physiology

Physiology of the Kidneys

The Digestive System

Regulation and Metabolism

Reproduction

Filters

Exam 12: Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control

The _________ complex contains three proteins designated as the I,T,and C types.

Which of the following molecules is NOT part of the thin filament?

The inability of muscle cells to relax due to high frequency stimulation is termed

Muscle fatigue

The origin is the point of muscle attachment that is most stationary.

Alpha motoneurons innervate

Type I skeletal muscle fibers

ATP in muscle contraction is needed for

Smooth muscle contraction requires the actions of myosin light chain kinase.

Summation occurs in muscle cells when stimulus frequency increases to produce a greater force contraction.

The muscle spindle apparatus is associated with

Transverse tubules contain voltage-gated calcium channels that respond to membrane depolarization and are directly coupled to the calcium release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

During skeletal muscle contraction the A band decreases in size.

The Ca2+ required for skeletal muscle contraction

What is the lighter area in the center of the A-band called?

Myostatin is

The greater the level of physical training,the higher the proportion of energy derived from the oxidation of ____ during exercise below VO2max.

Increasing the frequency of action potentials in a somatic motor neuron will induce increased force of muscle contraction.

When skeletal muscle cells contract,they increase in length.

The first 1 to 2 minutes of moderate to heavy exercise relies on _____ for ATP production.

The Study of Body Function

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cell Structure and Genetic Control

Cell Respiration and Metabolism

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment

The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones

Blood,heart and Circulation

Cardiac Output, blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Immune System

Respiratory Physiology

Physiology of the Kidneys

The Digestive System

Regulation and Metabolism

Reproduction

Filters

The Ca²⁺ required for skeletal muscle contraction

The greater the level of physical training,the higher the proportion of energy derived from the oxidation of ____ during exercise below VO_2max.