Exam 12: Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control

Cardiac action potentials usually originate in ______________ cells.

Damage to the lower motor neurons would induce

Excitation of the Golgi tendon organ normally induces

A crossed-extensor reflex demonstrates double reciprocal innervation.

Insertion of ______________ in the muscle cell membrane increases cellular glucose uptake.

The fastest shortening muscle fiber in humans is the

Which of the following is NOT true of fast glycolytic/Type IIX white muscle fibers?

What protein primarily makes up the thick filament?

Formation of new sarcomeres and growth of myofibrils requires which of the following proteins?

Coactivation of alpha and gamma motoneurons is stimulated by ______________ neurons.

_______ refer to muscle contractions that produce a shortening muscle with a constant contraction strength at a given load.

Each fascicle of a muscle is surrounded by the

In cardiac muscle,calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum due to direct interaction with the voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels.

The biceps brachii causes flexion of the elbow.The triceps brachii causes extension of the elbow,so it would be a/an

A force-velocity curve shows the _______ relationship between the force opposing muscle contraction and the velocity of muscle shortening.

Endurance training increases the oxidative capacity of a muscle cell.

A muscle that constricts an opening is a/an

Skeletal muscle cells are multinucleated.This is called a/an

The cerebellum directly influences motor activity.

Somatic motor neurons release the neurotransmitter _________ at the neuromuscular junction.