Exam 3: The Fundamental Economic Problem: Scarcity and Choice

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Table 3-1 Peanuts (Bushels) Corn (Bushels) 0 55 10 50 20 42 30 28 40 0 -Suppose a farmer produces 50 bushels of corn and 10 bushels of peanuts.According to Table 3-1,the opportunity cost of 10 more bushels of peanuts is

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A

The idea of opportunity cost is relevant

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D

Economics is often described as a science of constrained choice.How do you justify this argument?

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Economics deals with the allocation of limited resources to satisfy unlimited human wants.We need resources such as labor,capital,raw material etc,to produce goods and services to satisfy man's unlimited needs.These resources are not only scarce but they have more than one use.The scarcity of resources means humans are constrained in the choices they make about the goods and services they produce,and thus also about which wants they will ultimately satisfy.

Figure 3-3 Figure 3-3    -In Figure 3-3,a shift from A to B seems most consistent with which of the following? -In Figure 3-3,a shift from A to B seems most consistent with which of the following?

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Firms are encouraged by the profit motive to use inputs efficiently.

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Economics is the study of the logic of

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Economists use the term capital to describe that factor of production that includes human-made resources such as factories,buildings,machinery and tools.

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The production possibilities frontier has a tendency to bow outward from the origin.

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For a given production possibilities frontier,which points are attainable?

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The fact that resources tend to be specialized is one reason the production possibilities frontier is drawn

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Society can produce at a point outside the production possibilities frontier,but only if it is using all of its resources efficiently.

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The production possibilities curve illustrates the basic principle that

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What are the three coordination tasks which markets resolve?

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Figure 3-2 Figure 3-2    -In Figure 3-2,a point such as A -In Figure 3-2,a point such as A

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The divergence between money costs and opportunity costs is the least in which of the following situations?

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Money costs and opportunity costs are concepts that are

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If the U.S.government decides to increase military spending,one opportunity cost will be lower spending on education.

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"OPEC is exploiting the United States by selling us oil at inflated prices." Agree or disagree.

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Although finished goods are scarce,the inputs to produce them are not scarce.

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Because resources tend to be specialized,increased production of military goods tends to

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