Question 1

Descartes chose this part of the human body as the house for the mind:

Accepted Answer

A) heart 
B) pineal gland 
C) ventricles 
D) cerebral cortex 
A) heart 
B) pineal gland 
C) ventricles 
D) cerebral cortex

Question 2

The church responded to Galileo's scientific achievements by:

Accepted Answer

A) making him a saint 
B) giving him his own laboratory 
C) making him recant his scientific conclusions 
D) burning him at the stake 
A) making him a saint 
B) giving him his own laboratory 
C) making him recant his scientific conclusions 
D) burning him at the stake

Question 3

Descartes believed all of the following about the mind except:

Accepted Answer

A) it was nonmaterial 
B) it permeated the entire body 
C) its existence could be logically demonstrated 
D) it was possessed only by humans 
A) it was nonmaterial 
B) it permeated the entire body 
C) its existence could be logically demonstrated 
D) it was possessed only by humans

Question 4

Regarding the mind-body issue Descartes was a dualist and interactionist.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Who was the astronomer who suggested that the earth revolves around the sun 1700 years before Copernicus?

Accepted Answer

A) Ptolemy 
B) Aristarchus of Samos 
C) Aristotle 
D) Bruno 
A) Ptolemy 
B) Aristarchus of Samos 
C) Aristotle 
D) Bruno

Question 6

Luther believed the reason evil exists is:

Accepted Answer

A) because humans have the ability to choose evil 
B) because Satan created evil 
C) because it is part of human nature 
D) unfathomable to humans;only God knows 
A) because humans have the ability to choose evil 
B) because Satan created evil 
C) because it is part of human nature 
D) unfathomable to humans;only God knows

Question 7

Both Bacon and Descartes sought to develop a system of thought that:

Accepted Answer

A) was compatible with Scripture 
B) was compatible with classical Greek philosophy 
C) questioned the authority of the church 
D) was impervious to the doubts of the Skeptics 
A) was compatible with Scripture 
B) was compatible with classical Greek philosophy 
C) questioned the authority of the church 
D) was impervious to the doubts of the Skeptics

Question 8

The only justification for accepting Copernicus' heliocentric theory was that it:

Accepted Answer

A) made accurate astronomical predictions 
B) was compatible with church dogma 
C) explained known astrological facts in a simpler,more harmonious,mathematical order 
D) accorded well with the evidence of the senses 
A) made accurate astronomical predictions 
B) was compatible with church dogma 
C) explained known astrological facts in a simpler,more harmonious,mathematical order 
D) accorded well with the evidence of the senses

Question 9

The Ptolemaic system had the earth as the center.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Petrarch believed all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) the human spirit should be freed from medieval traditions 
B) religion should be like that described by St.Augustine 
C) life in this world is at least as important as life after death 
D) Scholasticism contained most of the solutions to human problems 
A) the human spirit should be freed from medieval traditions 
B) religion should be like that described by St.Augustine 
C) life in this world is at least as important as life after death 
D) Scholasticism contained most of the solutions to human problems

Question 11

For Bacon,science was to develop theories and hypotheses from the observations made.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to Bacon,the biases that result from being overly influenced by the traditional meanings of words constituted the:

Accepted Answer

A) idol of the cave 
B) idol of the tribe 
C) idol of the marketplace 
D) idol of the theater 
A) idol of the cave 
B) idol of the tribe 
C) idol of the marketplace 
D) idol of the theater

Question 13

According to Erasmus,among those listed below,who was least likely to speak the truth?

Accepted Answer

A) fools 
B) children 
C) drunkards 
D) philosophers 
A) fools 
B) children 
C) drunkards 
D) philosophers

Question 14

Galileo used experiments to do all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) demonstrate the existence of scientific laws 
B) convince Skeptics of the existence of scientific laws 
C) show the uselessness of mathematics in science 
D) show that essences are important for explanations 
A) demonstrate the existence of scientific laws 
B) convince Skeptics of the existence of scientific laws 
C) show the uselessness of mathematics in science 
D) show that essences are important for explanations

Question 15

Descartes followed all of the following rules while seeking certainty except:

Accepted Answer

A) avoid all prejudgments 
B) proceed in an orderly fashion from the simple to the complex 
C) accept only conclusions that are beyond any doubt 
D) always proceed from the general to the specific 
A) avoid all prejudgments 
B) proceed in an orderly fashion from the simple to the complex 
C) accept only conclusions that are beyond any doubt 
D) always proceed from the general to the specific

Question 16

According to the Deist:

Accepted Answer

A) God created the universe but thereafter had no involvement with it 
B) religious revelation is an important source of information concerning the workings of the universe 
C) the laws governing the universe can never be known with certainty because God may change His mind about how things work 
D) God does not exist 
A) God created the universe but thereafter had no involvement with it 
B) religious revelation is an important source of information concerning the workings of the universe 
C) the laws governing the universe can never be known with certainty because God may change His mind about how things work 
D) God does not exist

Question 17

All of the following characterized the Renaissance except:

Accepted Answer

A) great interest in human potential 
B) great human achievement 
C) persecution,superstition,torture,and witch hunting and execution 
D) the humane treatment of abnormal individuals 
A) great interest in human potential 
B) great human achievement 
C) persecution,superstition,torture,and witch hunting and execution 
D) the humane treatment of abnormal individuals

Question 18

According to Galileo,all of the following were true of secondary qualities except:

Accepted Answer

A) they correspond to nothing that exists in the physical world 
B) they are merely names we give to certain psychological experiences 
C) they are irrelevant to an understanding of the physical world 
D) they are the only qualities of which we can be certain 
A) they correspond to nothing that exists in the physical world 
B) they are merely names we give to certain psychological experiences 
C) they are irrelevant to an understanding of the physical world 
D) they are the only qualities of which we can be certain

Question 19

Newton believed all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) explanations of natural events must always be as simple as possible 
B) natural events can never be explained by postulating properties inherent to them 
C) classification is not explanation 
D) because God created the universe,physical events can be understood in terms of their purpose 
A) explanations of natural events must always be as simple as possible 
B) natural events can never be explained by postulating properties inherent to them 
C) classification is not explanation 
D) because God created the universe,physical events can be understood in terms of their purpose

Question 20

According to Bacon,the human tendency to see events as they would like them constituted the:

Accepted Answer

A) idol of the cave 
B) idol of the tribe 
C) idol of the marketplace 
D) idol of the theater 
A) idol of the cave 
B) idol of the tribe 
C) idol of the marketplace 
D) idol of the theater

Exam 4: The Beginnings of Modern Science and Philosophy

Descartes chose this part of the human body as the house for the mind:

The church responded to Galileo's scientific achievements by:

Descartes believed all of the following about the mind except:

Regarding the mind-body issue Descartes was a dualist and interactionist.

Who was the astronomer who suggested that the earth revolves around the sun 1700 years before Copernicus?

Luther believed the reason evil exists is:

Both Bacon and Descartes sought to develop a system of thought that:

The only justification for accepting Copernicus' heliocentric theory was that it:

The Ptolemaic system had the earth as the center.

Petrarch believed all of the following except:

For Bacon,science was to develop theories and hypotheses from the observations made.

According to Bacon,the biases that result from being overly influenced by the traditional meanings of words constituted the:

According to Erasmus,among those listed below,who was least likely to speak the truth?

Galileo used experiments to do all of the following except:

Descartes followed all of the following rules while seeking certainty except:

According to the Deist:

All of the following characterized the Renaissance except:

According to Galileo,all of the following were true of secondary qualities except:

Newton believed all of the following except:

According to Bacon,the human tendency to see events as they would like them constituted the:

Introduction

The Early Greek Philosophers

After Aristotle: A Search for the Good Life

Empiricism,Sensationalism,and Positivism

Rationalism

Romanticism and Existentialism

Early Developments in Physiology and the Rise of Experimental Psychology

Voluntarism,Structuralism,and Other Early Approaches to Psychology

The Darwinian Influence

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Neobehaviorism

Gesalt Psychology

Early Diagnosis, Explanation, and Treatment of Mental Illness

Psychoanalysis

Early Alternatives to Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Third-Forcepsychology

Psychobiology

Cognitive Psychology

Contemporary Psychology

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