Question 1

Outline the significance of the amniotic egg.Discuss the various layers and their functions in embryogenesis.

Accepted Answer

The amniotic egg is a significant develo

Question 2

In an effort to teach the derivatives of each germ layer,you have members of your study group pair adult structures,embryonic germ layers,and,where appropriate,genes involved or sequence information.Which group below has provided the most accurate answer?

Accepted Answer

A) Adult brain and epithelial tissue are derived from endoderm,which is formed much later than mesoderm. 
B) Adult lungs,liver,and pancreas are derived from ectoderm,which forms after the mesoderm. 
C) Adult gut is initially formed by the archenteron,the lining of which becomes ectoderm that forms after mesoderm. 
D) Adult muscle and bone are derived from mesoderm,which is formed later than ectoderm. 
A) Adult brain and epithelial tissue are derived from endoderm,which is formed much later than mesoderm. 
B) Adult lungs,liver,and pancreas are derived from ectoderm,which forms after the mesoderm. 
C) Adult gut is initially formed by the archenteron,the lining of which becomes ectoderm that forms after mesoderm. 
D) Adult muscle and bone are derived from mesoderm,which is formed later than ectoderm.

Question 3

Which is NOT an extraembryonic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Amnion 
B) Placenta 
C) Yolk sac 
D) Allantois 
A) Amnion 
B) Placenta 
C) Yolk sac 
D) Allantois

Question 4

Animals having radial cleavage (echinoderms)also show a type of development,called __________ _________,in which separated blastomeres can develop into complete and normal organisms.

Accepted Answer

regulative

Question 5

Mosaic development in animals

Accepted Answer

A) is a type in which each of the fate of a blastomere is heavily determined by its neighbor cells. 
B) is synonymous with regulative development. 
C) is a type in which each of the early blastomeres lacks the potential of developing into a complete organism and removing a blastomere eliminates a future body part. 
D) None of the choices is correct 
A) is a type in which each of the fate of a blastomere is heavily determined by its neighbor cells. 
B) is synonymous with regulative development. 
C) is a type in which each of the early blastomeres lacks the potential of developing into a complete organism and removing a blastomere eliminates a future body part. 
D) None of the choices is correct

Question 6

At which stage do we begin to see development of the mesoderm germ layer?

Accepted Answer

A) Gastrulation 
B) Neurulation 
C) Blastulation 
D) Cleavage 
A) Gastrulation 
B) Neurulation 
C) Blastulation 
D) Cleavage

Question 7

Distinguish "germ cells" and "germ layers."

Accepted Answer

Germ cells and germ layers are two disti

Question 8

The product of cleavage in a zygote produces a cluster of small cells called

Accepted Answer

A) pronuclei. 
B) blastomeres. 
C) polar bodies. 
D) meroblasts. 
A) pronuclei. 
B) blastomeres. 
C) polar bodies. 
D) meroblasts.

Question 9

Contrast mosaic development with regulative development and indicate what animals would use each pattern of differentiation.Is one form of development "better" than another? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Mosaic development and regulative develo

Question 10

Eggs with very little yolk that is evenly distributed in the egg are called

Accepted Answer

A) mesolecithal. 
B) holoblastic. 
C) isolecithal. 
D) telolecithal. 
A) mesolecithal. 
B) holoblastic. 
C) isolecithal. 
D) telolecithal.

Question 11

Rotational cleavage is unique to

Accepted Answer

A) amphibians. 
B) mammals. 
C) sea stars. 
D) lophotrochozoa. 
A) amphibians. 
B) mammals. 
C) sea stars. 
D) lophotrochozoa.

Question 12

In the human,which part of the blastocyst will develop into the embryo proper (versus the supporting placenta)?

Accepted Answer

A) Archenteron 
B) Blastopore 
C) Trophoblast 
D) Inner cell mass 
A) Archenteron 
B) Blastopore 
C) Trophoblast 
D) Inner cell mass

Question 13

The concept that an egg contains the building material that must somehow be assembled is called

Accepted Answer

A) induction. 
B) pronuclei. 
C) preformation. 
D) epigenesis. 
A) induction. 
B) pronuclei. 
C) preformation. 
D) epigenesis.

Question 14

Before fertilization,as an egg cell matures,its nucleus increases RNA content and it is called

Accepted Answer

A) a pronucleus. 
B) a cleavage furrow. 
C) a germinal vesicle. 
D) a blastomere. 
A) a pronucleus. 
B) a cleavage furrow. 
C) a germinal vesicle. 
D) a blastomere.

Question 15

Discuss the significance of Spemann's experiment that demonstrated that every blastomere contains sufficient genetic information for the development of a complete animal.

Accepted Answer

Spemann's experiment, conducted in the l

Question 16

Radial cleavage is found in

Accepted Answer

A) birds. 
B) mammals. 
C) most protostomes. 
D) sea stars. 
A) birds. 
B) mammals. 
C) most protostomes. 
D) sea stars.

Question 17

The internal pouch representing the developing gut in a gastrula is called a(n)_______

Accepted Answer

A) blastocoels. 
B) pseudocoelom. 
C) coelom. 
D) archenteron. 
A) blastocoels. 
B) pseudocoelom. 
C) coelom. 
D) archenteron.

Question 18

Cleavage in mammals

Accepted Answer

A) is faster than most other groups. 
B) does not begin,like most other animals,with a first cleavage plane through the animal-vegetal axis. 
C) is asynchronous,meaning that all blastomeres do not divide at the same time. 
D) is very loose,with cells drifting about in a loose amorphous,bubble-like mass. 
A) is faster than most other groups. 
B) does not begin,like most other animals,with a first cleavage plane through the animal-vegetal axis. 
C) is asynchronous,meaning that all blastomeres do not divide at the same time. 
D) is very loose,with cells drifting about in a loose amorphous,bubble-like mass.

Question 19

___________ occurs when a fertilized egg enters cell division without further growth in volume.

Accepted Answer

A) Cleavage 
B) Gastrulation 
C) Differentiation 
D) Embryology 
A) Cleavage 
B) Gastrulation 
C) Differentiation 
D) Embryology

Question 20

Discuss the significance of the homeotic and other homeobox-containing genes that are found in one or more clusters on particular chromosomes in Drosophila.

Accepted Answer

Homeotic and homeobox-containing genes p

Exam 8: Principles of Development

Outline the significance of the amniotic egg.Discuss the various layers and their functions in embryogenesis.

In an effort to teach the derivatives of each germ layer,you have members of your study group pair adult structures,embryonic germ layers,and,where appropriate,genes involved or sequence information.Which group below has provided the most accurate answer?

Which is NOT an extraembryonic membrane?

Animals having radial cleavage (echinoderms)also show a type of development,called __________ _________,in which separated blastomeres can develop into complete and normal organisms.

Mosaic development in animals

At which stage do we begin to see development of the mesoderm germ layer?

Distinguish "germ cells" and "germ layers."

The product of cleavage in a zygote produces a cluster of small cells called

Contrast mosaic development with regulative development and indicate what animals would use each pattern of differentiation.Is one form of development "better" than another? Why or why not?

Eggs with very little yolk that is evenly distributed in the egg are called

Rotational cleavage is unique to

In the human,which part of the blastocyst will develop into the embryo proper (versus the supporting placenta)?

The concept that an egg contains the building material that must somehow be assembled is called

Before fertilization,as an egg cell matures,its nucleus increases RNA content and it is called

Discuss the significance of Spemann's experiment that demonstrated that every blastomere contains sufficient genetic information for the development of a complete animal.

Radial cleavage is found in

The internal pouch representing the developing gut in a gastrula is called a(n)_______

Cleavage in mammals

___________ occurs when a fertilized egg enters cell division without further growth in volume.

Discuss the significance of the homeotic and other homeobox-containing genes that are found in one or more clusters on particular chromosomes in Drosophila.

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Architectual Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Cnidarians and Ctenophores

Acoelomorpha, Platyzoa, and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Hexapods

Chaetognaths, echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Support, Protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Behavior

Animal Distribution

Animal Ecology

Filters

Animals having radial cleavage (echinoderms)also show a type of development,called __ _,in which separated blastomeres can develop into complete and normal organisms.